| 释义 |
▪ I. chip, n.1|tʃɪp|
Also 5–6 chyppe, chype, 5–7 chippe, 6 chipp, shyppe.
[Found since c 1300: immediately connected with chip v.1; though the sense is not that of a verbal n., as in a cut, a knock, etc.]
1. a. A small, and esp. thin, piece of wood, stone, or other material, separated by hewing, cutting, or breaking; a thin fragment chopped or broken off. (Unless otherwise specified, understood to be of wood, and to mean those made by the woodcutter and carpenter in course of their work.)
c1330R. Brunne Chron. (1810) 91 Þat hewis ouer his heued, þe chip falles in his ine. c1440Promp. Parv. 75 Chyppe, quisquilie, assula. 1481–90Howard Househ. Bks. 291 For caryinge of ij. lodes of chippes xd. a1528Skelton Col. Cloute 245 Lyke sawdust or drye chyppes. 1555Eden Decades W. Ind. iii. ii. (Arb.) 144 He broke the dartes into a thousande chyppes. 1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 259/1 Water, wherin hath bin sodden chippes of Iuniper. 1764Harmer Observ. xiv. v. 226 Lighted by chips of deal full of turpentine, burning in a round iron frame. 1837Lytton E. Maltrav. (1851) 46 Dry chips..are the things for making a blaze. 1844P. Parley's Ann. V. 369 The clattering of a chip of tile from the battlements. 1873Hale In His Name v. 26 Chips on the ground showed that the wood-cutters had taken out some saplings.
fig.a1541Wyatt Poet. Wks. (1557) 47 That weigh..A chippe of chance more than a pounde of wit. 1575Churchyard (title) The Firste Part of Churchyarde's Chippes. 1648Herrick Hesper. (Grosart) II. 169 For kissing love's dissembling chips The fire scortcht my heart. 1655W. Gurnall Chr. in Arm. xvi. §4 (1669) 66/1 Some indeed he cuts down by Chips in Consumptive diseases, they dye by piece-meals. 1862Max Müller (title) Chips from a German Workshop.
b. spec. In gem-cutting, a cleavage which weighs less than three-fourths of a carat (Cent. Dict. Suppl. 1909).
c. pl. Small pieces of kauri-gum.
1916Chambers's Jrnl. Aug. 542/1 The chief factor influencing sales and prices of kauri-gum in recent years has been the request for the poorer qualities, called ‘chips’ and ‘dust’.
2. spec.
†a. A paring of bread-crust; = chipping vbl. n. 2 a. Obs.
c1440in Househ. Ord. (1790) 456 With a fewe Chippes of light bred stepet in vernage. 1579Spenser Sheph. Cal. July 188 Theyr sheepe han crustes, and they the bread; the chippes, and they the chere.
b. Cookery. pl. (rarely sing.). A thin irregular slice of a fruit, etc. spec. fried pieces of potato, usu. oblong in shape; = French fried potatoes, French fries (French a. 3); also (chiefly U.S.) = crisp n. 7. Cf. chip-potatoes, fish and chips (fish n.1 7).
1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 233 Put salt in the water for either oranges preserved, or any kind of orange chips. Ibid. 243 To make Orange Chips. 1796H. Glasse Cookery xxi. 341 Take your apricots or peaches, pare them and cut them very thin into chips. 1859Dickens T. Two Cities i. v. 19 Husky chips of potatoes, fried with some reluctant drops of oil. 1886Chambers's Jrnl. 18 Dec. 808/2 The hand of Zacharias was betrayed in potato chips and cunning sauces. 1893Funk's Stand. Dict. s.v. Chip1, Saratoga chips, potatoes sliced very thin while raw, and fried crisp. 1899W. C. Morrow Bohemian Paris 224 Here are..fried-potato women, serving crisp brown chips. 1906Daily Chron. 13 Oct. 5/7 The chop and chips business. 1951Good Housek. Home Encycl. 611/1 Place the basket of chips in it [sc. fat] again and fry them until they are golden-brown. 1967Tit Bits 11 Feb. 7/4 She took a sudden fancy for fish and chips... ‘It tastes better out of a newspaper.’
c. Naut. A small quadrant-shaped piece of wood at the end of the log-line.
1835Chambers's Edin. Jrnl. IV. 98/2 The log is simply a flat piece of wood of the form of a quarter of a circle... The wood is called the chip. 1874Knight Dict. Mech. s.v., The chip is loaded at the circular edge so as to float upright, about two thirds being immersed in water..The chip or log being thrown overboard catches in the water and remains about stationary there, while the cord unwinds as the vessel proceeds.
d. A counter used in games of chance; hence, slang a sovereign. Also colloq. (orig. U.S.), a piece of money; pl. money. So to buy chips: to invest; (when) the chips are down: (when) it comes to the point (see point n.1 A. 22 b); in the chips: moneyed, affluent.
1840in Amer. Speech (1965) XL. 182 He is perfectly willing to ‘pile the chips’ for any distance. 1859Hotten Dict. Slang, Chips, money. 1873Slang Dict., Chips, money. 1877W. Black Green Past. III. xiv. 226 The chips must be paid. 1882[see straddle v. 7]. 1883M. E. Braddon Phantom Fortune xli. (1884) 355 Divers values, from the respectable ‘pony’ to the modest ‘chip’. 1903A. H. Lewis The Boss 205 There was a saw-bones here,..pawin' me over for a life insurance game that I thought I'd buy chips in. 1905Daily Chron. 11 Sept. 2/6 It is..quite a commonplace remark to hear young men boast of the time when ‘the old man turns up his toes’, and they can ‘collar the chips’. 1919W. H. Downing Digger Dial. 58 Chip, a rupee. 1925Chambers's Jrnl. 424/2 I'll give you ten chips myself. 1938A. J. Liebling Back where I came From 68 Never to have been in the chips marks one as a punk. 1943G. Marx Lett. (1967) 49 The previews are always more fun than the actual shows. Since the chips are not down, everyone is at ease and the audience senses it. 1945H. I. Phillips Pte. Purkey's Private Peace 10 He had..established himself as a tough battler when the chips were down. 1949in Wentworth & Flexner Dict. Amer. Slang (1960) 101/2 When the chips are down a man shows what he really is. 1950J. Dempsey Championship Fighting 179 But when the chips are down, rhythm is destroyed. 1957Wodehouse Over Seventy iv. 55 When I was in the chips and an employer of butlers. 1959Spectator 25 Sept. 399/3 For the fact is that when the chips are down, the Right wing of the Tory Party comes up.
e. Slang phrases: to pass (or hand) in one's chips (U.S.), to die (cf. check n.1 15); to have had one's chips, to be beaten, finished, killed, etc.
1879Missouri Republican (St. Louis) 22 Oct. 3/7 If you wish to express the demise of a friend..in Southern Colorado..it would be more elegant to say that ‘he'd passed in his chips’. 1890Harper's Mag. Feb. 351/2 Ye kin bet yer life I ain't afeard o' passin' in my chips. 1891Farmer Slang II. 95/1 To hand in one's chips, to die. 1907Mulford Bar-20 xi. 130 He passed in his chips last night. 1936J. A. McKenna Black Range Tales 56 Several cowboys passed in their chips in that snowstorm. 1936Amer. Speech XI. 200/2 Handed in his chips. 1959I. & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolch. xvii. 376 You've had your chips. 1960G. Durrell Zoo in Luggage viii. 189 ‘Cor!’ said the constable, in a voice of deep emotion, ‘I thought I'd 'ad me chips that time.’ 1961Technology May 131/1 The St. Albans lot will have had their chips by this time next week.
f. Electronics. A tiny square of thin semi-conducting material which by suitable etching, doping, etc., is designed to function as a large number of circuit components and which can be incorporated with other similar squares to form an integrated circuit.
1962B. G. Bender in G. W. A. Dummer Microminiaturization 139 A device must have a semiconductor element in any event, but economical techniques have been developed for producing chips for the Microseal component effort which have advanced the state of the art. 1967Times Rev. Industry Mar. 46/1 The size of the wafers varies, but it is not uncommon for one about the size of a penny to carry several hundred tiny squares known as ‘chips’, each containing anything from about 20 to perhaps 600 components. 1970Sci. Amer. Feb. 22/1 Ten years ago..a chip of silicon a tenth of an inch square might hold 10 to 20 transistors, together with a few diodes, capacitors and resistors. Today such chips can contain well over 1,000 separate electronic components.
3. Applied to the keys of a spinet or harpsichord (quot. 1600), chessmen (quot. 1645), etc.
c1600Shakes. Sonn. cxxviii, To be so tikled they [my lips] would change their state, And situation with those dancing chips, Ore whome thy fingers walke. 1645Bp. Hall Contentation 37 A skilful player will not stirre one of these Chips, but with intention of an advantage.
4. a. As a material: Wood (or woody fibre) split into thin strips for making hats and bonnets.
1771[see 9]. 1784Cowper Lett. 21 Mar., A fashionable hat..a black one, if they are worn; otherwise chip. 1866Treas. Bot. 270 Chip, a material used for plaiting into various articles of ornament and use, and obtained from the leaves of the palm called Thrinax argentea. 1888Bow Bells 22 June 3 Some of these [bonnets] in chip or crinoline.
b. Also for making baskets. Hence, ellipt. for chip basket (see 9 below).
1922J. Joyce in Q. Rev. Oct. 230 Chips of strawberries. 1923Westm. Gaz. 15 Jan. 8/5 4lb. chips of apples. 1928Daily Express 28 May 5/3 In Hampshire..these baskets contain two to four pounds, and are termed ‘chips’. 1955Times 14 Aug. 10/4 The fat fruits were laid out in their regulation blue-lined punnets and chips.
5. Taken as the type of
a. anything worthless or trifling (see also not to care a chip, etc., in 8.);
b. anything without flavour, innutritious, or ‘dry’, dried up, scorched, parched.
a1639W. Whately Prototypes ii. xxv. (1640) 46 He takes not the chips for excellent things, but reckons of them as of chips. 1675Brooks Gold. Key Wks. 1867 V. 272 All the honours, riches, greatness, and glory of this world are but chips, toys, and pebbles to these glorious pearls. 1725D. North in North Lives II. 303 We had in the ship..fresh mutton..but all was chip to me. 1792A. Young Trav. France 23 They roast every thing to a chip. 1857Holland Bay Path viii. 100 Discussing some dry chip of a doctrine. 1859Jephson Brittany xiv. 235 They [boots] were burned to a chip.
c. A piece of dried buffalo- or cattle-dung. N. Amer. (Cf. buffalo-chips s.v. buffalo 5.)
1846E. Bryant What I saw in Calif. (1848) vii. 102 Bacon broiled on a stick over a fire of buffalo chips. 1857W. Chandless Visit Salt Lake I. iv. 61 Buffalo were looked for; a solitary ‘chip’—so the buffalo droppings are called—found one evening caused quite an excitement in our camp. 1903A. Adams Log Cowboy xiv. 209 We had begun to feel the scarcity of wood for cooking purposes... These chips were a poor substitute. 1960D. E. Bublitz Life on Dotted Line xv. 98 There were no chips or wood around, so we meandered into the schoolhouse.
6. a. fig. Something forming a portion of, or derived from, a larger or more important thing, of which it retains the characteristic qualities. Usually applied to persons.
[1658Osborn Adv. Son (1673) 221 As most of the small Princes beyond the Alps, are themselves, or their wives, chips of the Cross.] 1815Scribbleomania 2, I rank with the Nine a true chip of Apollo. 1822W. Irving Braceb. Hall xiii. 116 A dry chip of the University. 1873Slang Dict. s.v. Chip, Brother chip, one of the same trade or profession. Originally brother carpenter, now general. 1884Birmingham Daily Post 28 July 5/1 Even a Parnellite will help a brother chip when he is in distress.
b. † chip of the same block: a person or thing derived from the same source or parentage. chip of the old block: one that resembles his father, or reproduces the family characteristics; also applied to things; now freq. a chip off the old block.
1621Sanderson Serm. I. 205. 1627 Ibid. 283 Am not I a child of the same Adam..a chip of the same block, with him? 1642Milton Apol. Smect. (1851) 297 How well dost thou now appeare to be a Chip of the old block. 1655Lestrange Chas. I, 126 Episcopacy, which they thought but a great chip of the old block Popery. 1660R. Coke Power & Subj. 266 b, One Mr. Coke (a true Chip of the old Block). 1693W. Robertson Phraseol. Gen. 265 A chip of the old block, Patris est filius. 1751Smollett Per. Pic. lxxxiii. 1833A. Fonblanque Eng. under 7 Administ. II. 318 The crab is its mother's child—a chip of the old block. 1929H. E. Bates Seven Tales & Alex. 40 He's my son, and he's a chip off the old block, and I'm proud of him. 1947W. S. Maugham Creatures of Circumstance 7 His heir was a nephew..not a bad boy, but not a chip off the old block, no, sir, far from it. 1966D. Varaday Gara-Yaka's Domain v. 51 He was a true chip off the old block.
c. pl. (A nickname for) a carpenter, esp. on a ship. (Usu. with capital initial.)
1785in Grose Dict. Vulg. Tongue. 1851Chambers' Paper No. 52, 20 (Farmer), The carpenter..was not offended..at being called chips even by the black cuddy servant. 1927J. Sampson Seven Seas Shanty Bk. 47 A handy Chips to drive the nails. 1943C. H. Ward-Jackson Piece of Cake 21 Chips, chippy or chippy rigger, an airman of the trade of carpenter or carpenter rigger. 1959I. & P. Opie Lore & Lang. Schoolch. xvii. 362 The gardening master is commonly ‘Spuds’, the wood-work teacher is ‘Chips’.
7. a. A crack or slight fracture caused by chipping. b. dial. An act of chipping, a cut with an axe, or adze.
a1889Mod. colloq. One of the cups has got a chip on the edge. South Scotch. Let me take a chip at the tree.
8. Phrases. † chip in one's eye, etc. (obs.; see quots.). not to care, etc., a chip (sense 5). † such carpenters, such chips: as is the workman, such is his work. chip in porridge (pottage, broth): an addition which does neither good nor harm, a thing of no moment. a chip on one's shoulder (orig. U.S.), carried as a challenge to others (see earlier quots.); hence, a display of defiance or ill-humour; an unforgotten grievance; a sense of inferiority characterized by a quickness to take offence.
1330[see 1]. c1400Test. Love i. (1560) 279 b/2, For an old Proverbe it is ledged, He that heweth to hie, with chippes he may lese his sight. c1430Lydg. in Anglia IX. ii. 112 Me list nat to hewe chippes ouer myn hede. c1530R. Hilles Common-pl. Bk. (1858) 140 Clyme not to hye lest chypys fall yn thyn eie. 1556J. Heywood Spider & Fl. xxxix. 52 Thei differ not a chip. 1562― Prov. & Epigr. (1867) 14 So playde these twayne, as mery as three chipps. Ibid. ii. vii. Suche Carpenters, suche chips. 1577Stanyhurst Descr. Irel. iii. in Holinshed VI. 17, I weigh not two chips which waie the wind bloweth. 1580Lyly Euphues (Arb.) 467 Looketh high, as one yat feareth no chips. 1603Breton Dignitie or Indig. of Men 197 Who looketh hye, may have ‘a Chip fall in his Eye’. 1675Cotton Scoffer Scoft 115, I know, but care not of a Chip. 1686Goad Celest. Bodies i. xvii. 108 The Sextile is no Chip in Broth..but a very considerable Engine. 1688Vox Cleri Pro Rege 56 A sort of Chip in Pottage, which (he hopes) will not do Popery much good, nor the Church of England much harm. 1830Long Isl. Tel. (Hempstead, N.Y.) 20 May 3/5 When two churlish boys were determined to fight, a chip would be placed on the shoulder of one, and the other demanded to knock it off at his peril. 1855Weekly Oregonian 17 Mar. (Th.), Leland, in his last issue, struts out with a chip on his shoulder, and dares Bush to knock it off. 1868Holme Lee B. Godfrey xxxi. 164 Basil did not care a chip. 1880Ch. Times 25 June (D.), The Burials Bill..is thought..to resemble the proverbial chip in porridge, which does neither good nor harm. 1887Harper's Mag. Oct. 658/1 The way that dog went about with a chip on his shoulder..was enough to spoil the sweetest temper. 1903N.Y. Sun 1 Nov., Who, they say, wears a chip on his shoulder because he didn't get the Republican nomination for City Treasurer. 1905Amer. Illustr. Mag. Nov. 88 Each boy had a sort of chip-on-the-shoulder air. 1930W. S. Maugham Gentl. in Parlour xliv. 271 He was a man with a chip on his shoulder. Everyone seemed in a conspiracy to slight or injure him. 1952W. J. H Sprott Social Psychol. 220 If you are spoiling for a fight you go about with a ‘chip on the shoulder’ challenging anyone to knock it off. 1956J. Cannan People to be Found ix. 148, I got him the sack—months ago but all this time he's been carrying a chip on his shoulder.
9. a. attrib. and Comb., as chip-bonnet chip-hat (see 4); chip basket, a basket made of strips of thin wood roughly interwoven or joined, used chiefly for packing fruit for the market; also attrib.; chip-bird U.S. = chipping bird, chipping ppl. a. 2; chip-board, a type of pasteboard made by compressing waste paper or wood refuse; † chip-box, a small box made of thin wood; chip-carving, carving in which the patterns are produced by chipping out the material; so chip-carve v. trans., chip-carved ppl. a., chip-carver; chip-heater Austral., a domestic water-heater which burns wood chips; chip-potatoes = chips (2 b); chip-shop, a shop selling fish and chips; chip-shot Golf, a short lofted approach-shot on to the putting-green; also, a similar lofted shot in Assoc. Football, etc.; also fig.; chip-sparrow U.S. = chipping-sparrow (chipping ppl. a. 2); chip-straw (cf. chip n.1 4); chip-yard U.S., a wood-cutting yard. See also chip-axe.
1921Dict. Occup. Terms (1927) §472 Chip basket maker;..plaits together..narrow strips of shavings of thin wood to make.. chip baskets.
1824Massachusetts Yeoman 28 Apr. (Th.), The destruction of a robin, chip, blue or black bird is not all. 1871J. R. Lowell My Study Windows 15 The only bird I have ever heard sing in the night has been the chip-bird. 1872Coues Key N. Amer. Birds 142 Chipping Sparrow, Chipbird or Chippy. Hairbird.
1919Fibre Containers IV. x. 26 (heading) Manufacture of jute and chip board. 1953Archit. Rev. CXIII. 398 The floor finishes downstairs..are quarry-tiles and plastic-bonded chipboard. 1954Paper Terminology (Spalding & Hodge) 17 Chipboard, a cheap quality of board made from mixed waste and used in the manufacture of cartons, etc.
1820S. Breck in Recoll. (1877) 298 She has gone on..bedecking herself in merino shawls, chip bonnets, &c. 1845M. M. Noah Gleanings 65 On her little head she wore a good sized chip bonnet, decorated with artificial flowers.
1759Ellis in Phil. Trans. LI. 211 These seven parcels were all put into chip boxes. 1810Ann. Reg. 418 Wooden boxes called chip-boxes or pill boxes.
1948R. Heine-Geldern Indonesian Art 157 Water jar..chip-carved when the ware was in the ‘leathery’ stage before firing. 1951T. H. Ormsbee Field Guide to Early Amer. Furnit. vii. 182 Chip Carved Chest of Drawers. Has stile and rail construction. Carcase contains two or three full-width drawers that are fitted with turned wooden knobs. 1957Childe Dawn Europ. Civilization (ed. 6) vi. 95 There are indeed analogies to Veselinovo handles and to the ‘chip-carved’ lamps in Anatolia. 1961Antiquaries Jrnl. XLI. 107 The ‘chip-carved’ buckles, cast and not chiselled by hand, were mass-produced by provincial Roman workshops for the army of the late fourth century.
1892E. Rowe Chip-Carving 47 Instructions to the chip-carver.
1888Queen 29 Sept., Suppl., Chip-Carving. 1902Westm. Gaz. 26 Apr. 7/3 Examples of bent-iron work, and wood and chip carving. 1927F. B. Young Portrait of Clare 437 When she came to look more closely, there was the face of Edith Wilburn framed, not in plush, but chip-carving. 1935Discovery Nov. 337 Examples of Kentish chip-carving jewellery of the Anglo-Saxon period.
1759Newport Mercury 26 June 4/3 Imported..silver'd Paper, chip and black Satten Hats. 1771Smollett Humph. Cl. 26 Apr., The ladies wear..chip hats. 1859W. S. Coleman Woodlands (1862) 63 The wood of the White Willow has been extensively used in the manufacture of chip-hats. 1880Drapers' Jrnl. 27 May 5/2 A chip hat to match the dark shade of broché. 1913C. Mackenzie Sinister Street iv. vi. 987 That girl in her chip hat, holding a bunch of cherries.
1946K. Tennant Lost Haven (1947) vii. 95 Grandpa led the way to the bathroom and expected the guest to admire the bath and the chip-heater! 1965G. McInnes Road to Gundagai v. 76 The woodshed for the logs to be split into chips for the copper and for the ‘chip-heater’ in the bathroom.
1916Home Chat 9 Sept. 432 Dinner 2. Salmis of Game. Potato Chips. Greengage Tart... The Chip Potatoes. Fry these as usual. [etc.].
1807Vancouver Agric. Devon (1813) 51 A deep..bed of chip sand, affording very good whetstones.
1953H. Clevely Public Enemy xxvii. 219 Joe's chip shop.
1909Westm. Gaz. 10 June 12/4 Chip shots which he laid within two feet of the pin. 1919Wodehouse Damsel in Distress iii, ‘Not at all,’ said George, trying a sort of vocal chip-shot out of the corner of his mouth. 1963Times 19 Feb. 4/7 Easton raised Gravesend's hopes with a chip shot that was only inches wide.
1852Mrs. Stowe Uncle Tom's C. xvi. 191 Then she sat on his knee like a chip sparrow, still laughing.
1898Westm. Gaz. 28 Apr. 3/2 Chip straw is again to the fore, indeed, forms the foundation of some of the most exclusive hats.
1850Knickerbocker XXXVI. 73, I..crossed her chip-yard. 1863Mrs. Whitney Faith Gartney's Girlh. xiv, The spicy smell of the chip-yard round the corner where the scraps of pine lay..under the summer sun. 1891M. E. Ryan Pagan of Alleghenies xix. 232 Two men..halted out at the chip-yard.
b. Short for chip-shot.
1909Westm. Gaz. 9 June 14/3 He was short with his chip on to the green at the fourth. 1958Times 30 Oct. 3/5 Littlewood..finished..winning all four holes and holing his chip at the eighteenth. 1961Ibid. 20 Feb. 14/2 His chip for the far post was helped on its way past George by Ellis's head.
Add:[9.] [a.] chip card, a card (card n.1 6 h) incorporating a microchip that stores information about transactions and provides security against misuse.
1980Amer. Banker 19 May 21/1 The important aspect of the chip in card technology is that the degree of security in a semiconductor chip card appears to be far superior to other card products in the marketplace. 1985Times 21 Mar. 35/3 (Advt.), Technological developments in banking (e.g. eftpos, atm reciprocity, chip cards, network linking..) are dependent upon standards being agreed amongst the many interested parties.
▸ chip van n. Brit. and Irish English a van (fitted with a small cooking area and service hatch) which sells fish and chips and other takeaway food.
1953Times 20 Nov. 2/6 The plaintiff also claims a declaration that a resolution..that he did not meet the qualifications of a ‘stall-holder’ while operating his mobile stall or ‘*chip van’, was ultra vires and void. 1997J. Gough in S. Champion & D. Scannell Shenanigans (1999) iii. 55 Connolly's Illegal Chip-Van was already busy serving the first wave of drunken clubbers.
▪ II. † chip, n.2 Obs.
Forms: 1 cipp, 5 chyppe.
[OE. cipp, corresp. to Du. kip neut. ‘small strip of wood in the plough which holds fast the ploughshare’, ad. L. cippus ‘post, stake, beam of the stocks’, app. also in later times in this sense: cf. chep.]
The share-beam of a plough; also, perh., (like L. dentalis) the share itself.
c1000ælfric Gloss. in Wr.-Wülcker 102 Dentale, cipp. a1500Metr. Voc. ibid. 628 Cultur, dentale, vomerque [glossed] cultere, chyppe, chare.
▪ III. chip, n.3 Wrestling.|tʃɪp|
[f. chip v.2]
1. The technical term for: A trip, a trick, a special mode of throwing one's opponent.
1830Blackw. Mag. XXVIII. 109 He..knows a chip or two in wrestling. 1883in Standard 24 Mar. 3/7 It is amongst the lighter men that the prettiest chips are seen. 1886Pall Mall G. 23 Aug. 4/1 Mr. Steadman's favourite ‘chip’ is the ‘long leg strike’.
2. A quarrel, tiff. dial.
1877Holderness Gloss. s.v., We've nivver had a chip sin we was wed.
▪ IV. chip, v.1|tʃɪp|
[In ME. found only since the middle of 15th c., but prob. in OE. *cippian: Lye cites forcyppod = ‘præcisus’, from gloss to Canticum Ezechiæ, where another gloss has forcorfen. EFris. has kippen to cut, and MDu., MLG. kippen to chip eggs, to hatch; implying the existence of at least an OLG. (Saxon) kippan. But the earlier history of the whole group is uncertain; as is also the relation of chip to chap, chop. In actual modern use, chip is in sense 2 used in Scotland = chop; in sense 3 it is treated in Eng. as having the same relation to chop, that tip, drip have to top, drop, i.e. it expresses a slighter and more delicate action.]
†1.
a. to chip bread: to pare it by cutting away the crust. Obs.
1461–83in Househ. Ord. 71 Them oweth to chippe bredde, but not too nye the crumme. 1513Bk. Keruynge in Babees Bk. 266 Chyppe your soueraynes brede hote. 1554Rhodes Bk. Nurture ibid. 66 In your offyce of the Pantrye, see that your bread be chipped and squared. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, ii. iv. 259 Hee would haue made a good Pantler, hee would haue chipp'd Bread well. 1634Althorp MS. in Simpkinson Washingtons Introd. 17 To Furley 4 days chipping bread 00 01 04. 1725Bailey Erasm. Colloq. 193 He brings Bread, which the Guests may chip every one for themselves. 1727Pope, etc. Art Sinking 113 Uncork the bottle, and chip the bread.
†b. So to chip or chip away the crust. Obs.
1586Cogan Haven Health iv. (1636) 27 The utter crusts above and beneath should be chipped away. 1709W. King Cookery 590 'Tis ev'n so the butler chips his crust.
2. trans. generally, To hew or cut with an axe or adze, or with strokes from any other cutting tool. (In South of Scotland the proper word for to cut with an axe, to ‘chop’.)
1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. v. v. 34 His mangled Myrmidons. That noselesse, handlesse, hackt and chipt, come to him. 1699W. Dampier Voy. II. ii. ii. 57 The sap is white and the heart is red: the heart is used much for dying; therefore we chip off all the white sap, till we come to the heart. 1730Thomson Autumn 82 Industry..Taught him [the savage] to chip the wood. 1783Ainsworth Lat. Dict. (Morell) s.v. Ax, Chipped with an ax, dolabratus. 1832G. Porter Porcelain & Gl. 235 The workman..cuts, or rather chips, the pipe into pieces of the requisite size. 1883Haslam Yet not I 17 Busy chipping and cutting wood.
3. To break off (by a sharp blow with anything hard) small fragments from wood, stone, or other hard substances (especially from an edge); to reduce or shape by thus removing small portions at a time. (In this sense it is in use a kind of dim. of chop.)
a. with the substance as obj.
1859Handbk. Turning 9 Do not push them roughly against the wood.. or you will spoil their edge, and chip the work. 1872Ellacombe Bells of Ch. ix. 260 Chipping, and modulating the sound of every bell. 1876Green Short Hist. ix. §1 (1882) 588 Statues were chipped ruthlessly into decency.
b. with the fragments as obj. (with off, from, etc.)
1862Dana Man. Geol. 539 Coming to the edge of a layer..they have occasionally chipped it off. 1866Kingsley Herew. vii. 131 They chipped several small pieces of stone from the walls. 1872Morley Voltaire (1886) 261 Men who chipped bits of rock and cherished fossils.
c. with the product as obj.: To produce or make by chipping.
1851D. Jerrold St. Giles xxi. 214 As nice an epitaph as was ever chipped by stone-cutter.
d. intr. (for refl.)
1753[see chipping vbl. n. 1.] 1803Med. Jrnl. IX. 491 It is extremely brittle, chipping on the smallest fall or shock. c1865J. Wylde in Circ. Sc. I. 23/2 This often causes the earthy matter to ‘chip’ off.
e. intr. To make chipping strokes.
1908A. Bennett Buried Alive x. 248 Muscular, hairy males..were chipping and paring at huge blocks of stone.
†4.
a. trans. To crack or fissure the surface of; to chap; = chap v.1 3. Obs. exc. dial.
1508Fisher On Ps. cii. Wks. 148 After the erth be brent, chyned, and chypped by the hete of the sonne. 1580Lyly Euphues 12 b, The beauty [of a fine face]..parched with the Sunnes blaze, and chipped with the Winters blast.
b. intr. (for refl.)
1855Whitby Gloss., Chip, to chop as the lips or hands in frosty weather.
†5. intr. Of seeds or buds: To break open, burst, germinate; to break into leaf or blossom.
1513Douglas æneis xii. Prol. 124 The rois knoppis..Gan chyp, and kyth thare vernale lippis red. 1681S. Colvil Whigs Supplic. (1751) 100 When bushes budded, and trees did chip [note, blossom]. 1734Curteis in Phil. Trans. XXXVIII. 275, I sow the Seed pretty thick, and in forty-eight Hours it will begin to chip.
6. a. trans. Of chickens, etc.: To crack and break away (the egg-shell) in hatching.
1606Warner Alb. Eng. xv. xcvii. 387 Then had Churchpride chipped Shell. 1818Scott Rob Roy xxxv, ‘In comes Rashleigh and chips the shell, and out bangs the wonder amang us.’ 1823Byron Age of Bronze v, Thou isle!.. That saw'st the unfledged eaglet chip his shell! 1823― Island iv. ii, The young turtle, crawling from his shell, Steals to the deep..Chipp'd by the beam, a nursling of the day.
b. transf. To crack or break the shell of a nut.
1846Landor Exam. Shaks. Wks. 1846 II. 273 The little tame squirrel that chippeth his nuts.
7. Austral. and N.Z. To harrow (ground). Cf. chop.
1798–1802D. Collins N.S. Wales 24 The following prices of labour were now established: Chipping fresh ground, 12s. 3d. per acre; Chipping in wheat, 7s. 1818J. Holt in Mem. (1838) II. 91 Twenty shillings per acre for breaking the ground..and ten for chipping (the name used in New South Wales for harrowing). 1846C. J. Pharazyn Jrnl. 24 Oct. 61 (MS.), Sowed 4 rods more barley chipped it in after dusk. 1849C. Hursthouse Settl. New Plymouth vii. 98 For its first grain crop the seed can be ‘chipped-in’ for 10s. per acre more.
8. chip in (colloq.):
a. to interpose smartly, ‘cut in’; to ‘butt’ in. Cf. chop in. Also trans.
c1870B. Harte In the Tunnel, Just you chip in, Say you knew Flynn. 1888Star 12 Dec. 3/3 Justice Smith here chipped in with the remark that counsel..had not curtailed their cross-examination. 1903A. H. Lewis The Boss 271 Madam, let me chip in a word. 1906E. Dyson Fact'ry 'Ands iii. 36 She's been goin' to marry me, more 'r less for a year, an' now you've chipped-in.
b. To put in or stake chips (intr. and trans.).
1891‘L. Hoffmann’ Cycl. Card & Table Games 203 Each person puts up an agreed amount by way of ante... To avoid dispute as to whose turn it may be, a pocket-knife, known as the ‘buck’, is passed round, resting with the player whose turn it is to ‘chip’ for the remainder. 1892Florence Handbk. Poker 89 To chip in, to put counters on the table. Equivalent to entering into the game. Ibid. 158 Every time my callow friend won a pot he put the silver and bills in his pocket and would chip in the stuff as he needed it.
c. To contribute; to make a contribution. Also absol. orig. U.S.
1861Winsted (Conn.) Herald 22 Nov., An idea..that the printer should ‘chip in’ to every charitable and religious operation. 1886Harper's Mag. Dec. 36 ‘Here's a dollar!’ ‘Here's another!’ And they all chipped in their share. 1888Amer. Mag. Sept. (Farmer), A man who won't chip in to charity is always an object of suspicion. 1903N.Y. Sun 15 Nov., Nevertheless they all chipped in for the benefit of Simpson's widow and little child next day. 1908S. E. White Riverman ix. 80 Why, there isn't a man on that river who doesn't chip in five or ten dollars when a man is hurt or killed. 1953P. Frankau Winged Horse iv. 280 David will know somebody who can chip in. 1960Commentary June 487/1 The help of the Ford Foundation (which chipped in more than $100,000).
¶9. to chip at: to aim a blow at, peck at, hit at, pick a quarrel with; also, to poke fun at. Hence trans. (by omission of at), to make (a person) the object of a joke, to chaff, banter; to find fault with; also absol. [Of uncertain position: possibly related to next in sense c.]
1803Month. Mag. XIV. 326 Geddes..has translated more of it..in a manner which it is the utmost of erudition to chip at, and of taste to criticize. 1888Pall Mall G. 18 Feb. 7/2 So direct were his allusions to us that a prisoner whispered to me, ‘He is chipping at you, Burns’. 1896Westm. Gaz. 13 Jan. 6/2 The friends of the contending teams each ‘chipped’ and jeered at the other. 1898Daily News 20 Aug. 5/4, I chipped them a little on their plump, well-fed condition. 1915Even. News 24 Nov. 3/4 People have been telling me I'm a German and chipping me, and I wish to get it over. 1928Daily Express 23 Feb. 6 Letitia Pilkington..was a sportswoman. She even chipped her confessor on her deathbed. 1929K. S. Prichard Coonardoo 41 Here, what are you chippin' about? 1958‘N. Shute’ Rainbow & Rose iii. 91 They chipped us about having tarried on the way.
10. intr. and trans. To play a chip-shot; to hit or kick (the ball) with a chip-shot.
1923Daily Mail 8 May 12 He chipped to within eighteen inches of the hole. 1959Times 29 May 5/2 He also won the second [hole] by chipping close. Ibid. 31 Aug. 12/2 Jones..drew the defence and chipped the ball to Medwin. 1969New Yorker 14 June 44/3 Graebner, instead of hitting out, chips the ball back—the cautious thing to do.
Add:11. Comb. chip-in Golf, a chip shot which holes the ball.
1977Washington Post 5 Sept. d3/1 That made three birdies including the chip-in. 1986Golf Monthly July 165/1 Clark won the Madrid Open with the aid of a chip-in.
▪ V. chip, v.2 Chiefly north.|tʃɪp|
[Known in books only since the 18th c.; but perh. cognate with ON. kippa ‘to scratch, pull’, refl. ‘to struggle, also to make a sudden motion, quiver convulsively’, also with Du. kippen to seize, catch, ensnare. Relation to chip v.1 is uncertain.]
a. trans. To trip up, cause to stumble (esp. in wrestling).
b. intr. To step along nimbly, trip along.
c. intr. To fall out, to quarrel.
a , b.1788Marshall Rur. Econ. Gloss., Chip, to trip: as, ‘to chip up the heels’: or, to ‘chip a fall’: as in wrestling. 1855Whitby Gloss., To Chip up, or rather ‘to be chipped up’, to be tripped up, as by the foot catching a stone. 1876Robinson Mid-Yorksh. Gloss., Chip, to trip or cause to stumble. 1878Cumberld. Gloss., Chip, to trip: a term in wrestling.
c.1877Holderness Gloss., Chip, to quarrel. ‘We chip'd oot.’ 1878N.W. Lincolnsh. Gloss., Chip, to quarrel. ‘They chipped about the election for coroner, and hev never spok to one another sin.’ 1881Leicestersh. Gloss., Chip out, to fall out. ‘They chipped out while they were drinkin'.’ |