| 释义 |
▪ I. chipping, vbl. n.|ˈtʃɪpɪŋ|
[f. chip v.1]
1. The action of the verb chip; the act of chopping lightly or breaking off small pieces, of cracking or breaking the shell of an egg, etc.
1611Cotgr. s.v. Chapplis..the chipping of bread. 1753Chambers Cycl. Supp., Chipping, a phrase used by the potters and China-men to express that common accident..the flying off of small pieces, or breaking at the edges. 1816J. Smith Panorama Sc. & Art I. 17 Metals are sometimes wrought by chipping. 1836Emerson Nature i. Wks. (Bohn) II. 141 A little chipping..patching, and washing. 1865Tylor Early Hist. Man. viii, Show a vast predominance of chipping over grinding.
2. concr.
†a. A paring of the crust of a loaf. (Usually in pl.) Obs.
1474in Househ. Ord. (1790) 32 The Pantryes, Chippinges, and broken breade. 1592Nashe P. Penilesse (ed. 2) F 19 b, Thou hast capt and kneed him..for a chipping. 1621Burton Anat. Mel. iii. i. iii. iii. (1651) 430 Poor Lazarus lies howling..he only seeks chippings. 1727Bradley Fam. Dict. s.v. Duck, [Ducks] eating such Grain or Chippings as you shall throw to them.
b. gen. A small piece (of wood, stone, etc.), chipped off, esp. in dressing or shaping. (Usually pl. Cf. parings, cuttings, etc.) Also fig.
c1440Promp. Parv. 75 Chyppynge of ledyr, or clothe, or other lyke, succidia. 1610Althorp MS. in Simpkinson Washingtons Introd. 6 A little new cesterne of lead, a binge to putt the chipings in. a1631Donne Serm. xli. 411 These Chippings of the world, these fragmentary and incoherent Men (who embrace no calling). 1677Plot Oxfordsh. 244 The chippings of the stone they hew at their Quarry. 1747Hooson Miner's Dict. 8 j, Scafflings [is] what comes off from the Ore in dressing it..which is called also by the name of Chippings. 1865Englishm. Mag. Feb. 152 Dealing in parings and chippings of reasoning.
†3. Chapping (of the skin). Obs. exc. dial.
1545T. Raynalde Byrth Man. 116 Exulceration or chyppyng of the mouth. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts 148 A dogs head made into powder..cureth..the chippings in the fingers.
4. attrib. as chipping-axe = chip-axe; chipping-bit = chipping-piece b.; chipping-chisel, a cold chisel with a slightly convex face for chipping off the inequalities of cast-iron; † chipping-knife, a knife used for ‘chipping’ bread (obs.; see chip v.1 1); chipping-machine, ‘a planing-machine for cutting dye-wood into chips’ (Knight Dict. Mech.); chipping-piece (Founding), ‘a. an elevated cast (or forged) surface, affording surplus metal for reduction by the tools; b. the projecting piece of iron cast on the face of a piece of iron-framing, where it is intended to be fitted against another’ (Knight); † chipping-time, see quot. and chip v.1 5 (obs. ? dial.). So chipping-block.
1611Cotgr., Epeau, a Coopers *chipping ax.
1849Specif. Britten's patent No. 12. 548 Instead of the ordinary *chipping bit..I use a set screw.
1601Q. Eliz. Househ. Bk. in Househ. Ord. (1790) 294 The yeomen [of the Pantry] have for their fees, all the chippings of breade..for the which they find *chipping knives. 1610Althorp MS. in Simpkinson Washingtons Introd. 8 Itm paring iron, cheeping knives, tosting forke.
c1750W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman I. i. 2 If it [wheat] has a good sprouting or *shipping-time.
1792Wolcott (P. Pindar) Ep. on New-Made Lord Wks. 1812 III. 191 The Carpenters..the men of *chipping trade.
▪ II. ˈchipping, ppl. a.
[f. as prec. + -ing2.]
1. That chips; see the verb. In quot. = germinating (obs. ? dial.).
c1750W. Ellis Mod. Husbandm. VI. ii. 5 The chipping part of the wheat, as we call it in Hertfordshire.
2. Comb. as chipping-bird, a small species of sparrow (Spizella passerina) common in the United States; chipping-sparrow, the chipping-bird; chipping-squirrel = chipmunk.
1791W. Bartram Trav. Carolina II. 289 Passer domesticus; the little house sparrow or chipping bird. 1810A. Wilson Amer. Ornith. II. 127 Chipping Sparrow. Fringilla socialis... The Chipping-bird builds his nest most commonly in a cedar bush. 1849Thoreau Week Concord Riv. Tues. 205 The chipping or striped squirrel. 1861Mrs. Stowe Pearl Orr's Isl. i. viii. 58 I've seen 'em big as chippin-birds' eggs. 1867Amer. Naturalist I. 402 Simultaneously with the Bluebird the Chipping Sparrow awakes, and is soon heard chanting his simple cricket-like song from the garden and lawn. 1868[see chipmunk]. 1869Burroughs in Galaxy Mag. Aug., The chipping-bird. 1961O. L. Austin Birds of World 298/2 The friendly song and chipping sparrows nest in shrubbery close to houses. |