| 释义 |
▪ I. chesil1, chisel|ˈtʃɛzɪl, ˈtʃɪzəl|
Forms: 1 cisil, cisal, cysel, ceosel, 2 chisel, 4–7 chesel(l, 5 chesylle, chysel, scheselle, 6 chesill, chisil(le, cheasell, 7 chisel, 9 chesil.
[OE. cisil, ceosel, cysel, corresp. to OHG. chisil (MHG. kisel, Ger. kiesel, MDu. kēzel):—OTeut. type *kesulo-, *kisilo-, deriv. of *kiso-, whence MHG. kis, Ger. kies gravel. As the word is now chiefly dialectal, or retained in place-names, the spelling is unfixed; Chesil and Chisel both occur in place-names. See also chisel bran.]
1. A collective name for small pebbles, such as those of the sea-beach; gravel, shingle. (In early quots. also = a siliceous stone or pebble, with pl.)
a700Epinal Gloss. 461 Glarea, cisil. a750Corpus Gloss. 975 Glarea, cisilstan. c1000Ags. Gosp. Matt. vii. 26 Þe ᵹetimbrode hys hus ofer sand-ceosel. 1160Hatton G. ibid. Sand-chisel. c1315Shoreham 137 For chisel, gravel [printed gravet], stones harde. 1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvi. xxii. (1495) 560 A lytyll stone that hyghte Scrupulus, chesell: and is moost rough and sharpe..yf it fall betwene a mannes fote and the shoo it greuith full sore. a1400Cov. Myst. (1841) 56 As sond in the se..Hath cheselys many unnumerabylle. c1440Promp. Parv. 76 Chysel, or grauel, acerua [arena P.] sabulum. 1538Leland Itin. III. 72 To trench the Chisil hard by Seton Toun, and ther to let in the Se. 1567Turberv. in Chalmers Eng. Poets II. 644 On the sandie Cheasell. c1630Risdon Surv. Devon §28 (1810) 34 A port..now choaked with chisel and sands. Ibid. §156 Seperated from the sea by a ridge of chesell.
b. attrib. and Comb., as chesil-stone; Chesil-Bank or Beach († the Chesil): see quot. chesil spar, a mineral.
c1475Pict. Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 769 Hec gloria, a schesellestone. 1577Harrison Descr. Brit. in Holinshed Chron. xii. 58 The head or point of the Chesill lieng north-west, which stretcheth vp from thence, about seauen miles, as a maine narrow banke. 1835E. Pearse in Bray Descr. Devon III. xxxix. 255 Specimens of chesel spar beautifully coloured. 1837Penny Cycl. IX. 93/1 The island has one village, Chesilton, at the commencement of the Chesil bank..Portland..has long been united to [the main land] by the Chesil Bank, one of the longest and most extraordinary ridges of pebbles in Europe.
▪ II. chesil2, chissal
A small, smooth green variety of Pear.
1664Evelyn Kal. Hort. (1729) 210 July, Fruits in Prime..green Chesil Pears. 1767Abercrombie Every M. own Gard. (1803) 672/1 Pears, Green Chissal.
▪ III. † chesil3 Obs. rare.
[ad. OF. chesule; see chasuble.]
= chasuble.
1563–87Foxe A. & M. (1684) II. 86/2 Then he took away from him the Chesil, saying: By good right we do despoil thee of this Priestly Ornament, which signifieth Charity. 1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. i. xiii. 43 Those shavelings with their stoles and chesils.
▪ IV. chesil4
obs. form of chisel, an edge-tool. |