| 释义 |
▪ I. chloroform, n.|ˈklɔərəfɔːm, ˈklɒr-|
[a. F. chloroforme, name given by Dumas in 1834, f. chloro-2 + formyl, as being a chloride of formyl (in its obs. sense of CH = methenyl; not in its present sense of the oxidized radical CHO of formic acid).]
a. The common name of a thin colourless liquid (sp. gr. 1·5), having a pleasant ethereal odour, and pungent sweetish taste, the vapour of which when inhaled produces insensibility; hence it is much used as an anæsthetic in surgical and obstetrical operations. Chemically, it is a triatomic haloid ether of the methyl series = trichloromethane, or methenyl trichloride, Cl3CH.
[1834J. Dumas in Ann. de Chimie LVI. 120 La formule..correspond à un chlorure d'hydrogène carboné, qui est l'équivalent de l'acide formique anhydre..C'est ce qui m'engage à la désigner sous le nom de chloroforme.] 1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies §5. 312 Chloroform. This remarkable substance was discovered about the same time by MM. Soubeiran and Liebig [Dates 1831, 1832]. 1847Sir J. Simpson New Anæsthetic 7, I have found, however, one infinitely more efficacious than any of the others, viz. Chloroform, or the perchloride of formyle. 1847Illust. Lond. News. 4 Dec. 370/2 Chloroform. This new anæsthetic agent was used most successfully last Monday. 1859Q.R. Jan. 74 At the Liverpool meeting of the professors of ‘Social Science’ [1858] Sir James Stephen introduced..the happy phrase of ‘statistical chloroform’. 1860All Y. Round No. 45. 452 Had Simpson kept secret the means of abrogating pain by chloroform, what immense pecuniary benefit would have accrued to himself!
b. in Comb. as chloroform-bottle, chloroform-drunkenness, chloroform-giver, chloroform-inhaler, chloroform-poisoning, etc. chloroform-coagulum: see quot.; chloroform-narcosis, insensibility produced by chloroform.
1878tr. Ziemssen's Cycl. Med. XVII. 418 When defibrinated blood and chloroform are mixed together, outside the body, there is produced a peculiar albuminous precipitate of the colour of red sealing-wax (chloroform coagulum). Ibid. 431 Those who divide chloroform narcosis into several clearly distinguished stages. Ibid. 439 There is no medicinal treatment for cases of chloroform poisoning.
▪ II. chloroform, v.|ˈklɒrəfɔːm, ˈklɔərəfɔːm|
[f. prec. n.]
1. trans. To administer chloroform to; to render insensible by means of chloroform; to apply chloroform to (a thing), soak with chloroform.
1848Sir J. Simpson in Lancet 1 July 39/2, I had successfully chloroformed several of the lower animals. 1858O. W. Holmes Aut. Breakf. T. xi. 107 She should be tenderly chloroformed into a better world. 1885Leeds Mercury 15 Dec. 5/3 It was alleged that he chloroformed her.
2. transf. and fig. To render insensible.
1849F. B. Head Stokers & Pokers vii. (1851) 62 We now chloroform all kindly feelings. 1864Sir F. Palgrave Norm. & Eng. IV. 381 If we chloroform ourselves against the painful perception [of human sorrows]. 1882Chr. World Pulpit XXI. 25 The cold chloroforming them into an unconsciousness.
Hence ˈchloroformed ppl. a., ˈchloroforming vbl. n.
1848Sir J. Simpson in Lancet July 41/2 The chloroformed hand. 1865Pall Mall G. 12 Oct. 10 Hold the chloroformed cloth close to his nose. 1883Standard 22 Mar. 5/5 [They] had pleaded guilty of the chloroforming and robbery. |