| 释义 |
chorister|ˈkɒrɪstə(r)|
Forms: 4 queristre, querestere, 4–7 querester, 5 querestur, 6 queryster, querrister, quirrester, queristere, coruster, 6–8 querister, quirister (also arch. in 9), 7 querrester, quirester, quirrister, quorister, 7–9 choirister, 7– chorister.
[ME. querestre, -istre, prob. ad. Anglo-Fr. cueristre var. of cueriste, ad. med.L. chorista after cuer, quer choir: see chorist. The older pronunciation (ˈkwɪrɪstə(r)) came down to the nineteenth century.]
1. A member of a choir of singers.
a. of a church choir; now spec. a choir-boy. Also, a choir-leader (U.S.).
c1360Song Deo Gratias in E.E.P. (1862) 124 Alle þe queristres in þat qwer . On þat word [Deo gracias] . fast gon þei cri. c1420Chron. Vilod. 511 With inne þe quere..He herde queresters full mery syng. 1563Act 27 Hen. VIII, c. 42 §1 in Oxf. & Camb. Enactm. 12 Chapleines, Clerkes, Corusters. 1595Spenser Epithal. xii, The Choristers the ioyous antheme sing. 1602Segar Hon. Mil. & Civ. iii. xlviii. 184 The Quoristers and instruments of Musicke made melody. 1611Cotgr., Enfant de cœur, a Quirester, or singing boy. a1672Wood Life (1848) 133 note, Sung by two thousand quoristers. 1765Sterne Tr. Shandy (1802) viii. vi. 116 Like a quirister. 1766Entick London IV. 11, 13 priests, and four choiristers. 1769in Plymouth Church Records (1920) II. 332 To choose one or more Persons (since our dear Brother John May is taken from us by death who was our former Chorister) to lead in singing in the publick Worship. 1777Ibid. 353 Deacon Crombie, our former Chorister, had left ye usual Singer's Seat. 1859Geo. Eliot A. Bede 20 A melody..sung by the pure voice of a boyish chorister. 1930W. R. Moody D. L. Moody 141 Moody had engaged a young man..to be chorister in his church and Sunday school.
b. of an angelic choir.
1584Constable Poems (1859) 61 The angel-quiristers of th' heavenly skyes. 1614T. Adams Devil's Banquet 231 Angels and Cherubins, the coelestiall Choristers. 1858–62Beveridge Hist. India II. iv. ii. 19 Heavenly quiristers, nymphs and demons. 1870Rossetti Blessed Damozel iii, Her seemed she scarce had been a day One of God's Choristers.
c. One of a flock of singing birds.
1596Lodge Marg. Amer. 115 All you winged queristers of woode. 1674Playford Skill Mus. Pref. 4 The birds of the Air, those pretty Winged Choristers. 1814Cary Dante (Chandos) 195 The feather'd quiristers.
†2. A singer. (often depreciative.) Obs.
1589Marprel. Epit. (1843) 30 Among your roring quiristers. 1601Cornwallyes Ess. ii. xlvi. (1631) 293, I am not mooued against Nero for anything more (excepting his Quiristers occupation). 1640Gent Knave in Gr. i. i. B iiij, To say truth, I am no good Querister.
†3. Gr. Antiq. A member of the chorus. Obs.
1603Holland Plutarch's Mor. 456 Placed last in the dance by him who was the master chorister.
†4. (?) One of a band. Obs.
1387Trevisa Higden vii. xli, Þe secounde Edward..loved strongliche oon of his queresters [v.r. qwysteres, whistrers; L. unum aliquem familiarem]. c1460Towneley Myst., Iuditium (1836) 310 Primus Dæmon. Now thou art myn owne querestur, I wote where thou wonnes. 1550Bale Image Ch. I vij, Mahometes doctoures and the popes queristers, yea still they are aloft in their beastly beggerye.
5. Comb. as chorister-bishop, chorister-boy.
1649J. Gregorie Learned Tracts 113 The Episcopus Choristarum was a Chorister Bishop chosen by his fellow Children upon S. Nicholas daie. Ibid. 117 In Case the Chorister Bishop died within the Moneth, his Exsequies were solemnized with an answerable glorious Pomp and Sadness. 1817Coleridge Biog. Lit. II. xxiii. 289 A hymn..sung on the stage by the choirister boys! 1876Darwin Autobiog. in Life & Lett. I, At Cambridge..I sometimes hired the chorister boys to sing in my rooms.
Hence choristership, the office of a chorister; choristry, the performance of choristers (rare).
1536Act 27 Hen VIII, c. 42 §1 in Oxf. & Camb. Enactm. 13 Chaplenshippes, Clerkeshippes, Corustershippes. 1862Mrs. H. Wood Mrs. Hallib. ii. i. (1864) 156 Frank had leave to try for the vacant choristership. 1851Dobell Poems, Harps of Heaven, Rolling a sea of choristry. |