| 释义 |
▪ I. chrisom|ˈkrɪzəm|
Forms: 4–5 crisum, 4–7 crisom(e, 5 crysume, krysome, (crysun), 5–7 crysom(e, 6 cresom, crisyme, (christome, crison), 7 crizum, chrissome, 6–7 chrisome, 6–9 chrysom(e, 6– chrisom. See also chrism.
[A variant of chrism representing a popular dissyllabic pronunciation, such as may still be heard in pris-um, spas-um, and the like: cf. the earliest quot. from Cursor Mundi. Eventually this form was somewhat differentiated from chrism in the primary sense.]
1. A dissyllabic pronunciation of chrism, in senses 1 and 2.
a1400Morte Arth. 142 Coround in kyth wyth crysume enoyntede. 1552Abp. Hamilton Catech. (1884) 17 Crisyme quhilk is the sensibil signe or mater of Confirmatioun. 1611Cotgr., Cresme, the Crisome, or Oyle wherewith a Baptized Child is annointed. 1725tr. Dupin's Eccl. Hist. I. v. 59 Confirmation has different Names..it is called Unction, Chrisom, the Sacrament of Chrisom. Ibid. 60 That the Oil, after Consecration, was..the Chrisom of Jesus Christ.
2. (In full, chrisom-cloth, chrisom-robe, etc.): A white robe, put on a child at baptism as a token of innocence: originally, perh. merely a head-cloth, with which the chrism was covered up to prevent its being rubbed off. In the event of the child's death within a month from baptism, it was used as a shroud: otherwise it, or its estimated value, was given as an offering at the mother's purification.
a.c1200Trin. Coll. Hom. 95 Þe crisme cloð þe þe prest biwindeð þat child mide. a1300Cursor M. 25725 Þof vr life last bot a quile, vr crisum [Gött. crisme, Fairf. crisome] clath ful son we file. 1530Tindale Answ. More Wks. III. 20 The oil, salt, spittle, taper and chrisom-cloth. 1532More Confut. Tindale Wks. 731/2 In case he died as many children doe in y⊇ chrisome cloth or in the cradle. 1846Keble Lyra Innoc. White Apparel xi, What if chrisom robes be sin-defiled. 1852C. M. Yonge Cameos (1877) III. xii. 95 The babe in a chrysom robe costing 554{pstlg} was baptized by Bishop Waynflete.
b. [Cf.c890in chrism 3] .1426Audelay Poems 11 At the fonsston Ther we were croysid in a crysun with a carful krye. 1502Ord. Crysten Men (W. de W. 1506) i. iii. 22 The whyte robe the whiche is called the crysome. 1549Prayer Bk., Baptism, The minister shall put vpon him his white vesture, commonly called the Crisome..Then the prieste shall annoynt the infant vpon the head. Ibid., Purification, The woman that is purifyed, must offer her Crysome and other accustomed offeringes. 1558Bp. Watson Sev. Sacram. iv. 23 After he bee anoynted with the holye chrisme, he hathe a white vesture or Chrisome put uppon him. 1562Lanc. Wills (1857) I. 176 Twentie handcarchaftes wch seemed to have byn crysoms vjs. viijd. 1639Mayne City Match iv. iii, The preacher Is sent for to a churching..he shall lose, he says, His Chrysome else. 1668Lond. Gaz. No. 247/3 The Dutchesse d'Enguyen distributing the following Honours..the Towel..the Bason and Ewer..the Salt and Chrysome to the Prince de Conti. 1825Fosbroke Encycl. Antiq. (1843) I. 131 The Chrysome, or face cloth which covered the child at its baptism.
3. The alb or surplice of a priest.
1570B. Googe Pop. Kingd. i. (1880) 14 b, Thereupon he puttes a lynnen Crysome white, A vesture such as children weare, when first they come to light. 1574J. Studley tr. Bale's Pag. Popes Ep. Reader, Albes, vestments..surplices, tippets, coyfes, chrismes, mantel and the ringe. 1580Hollyband Treas. Fr. Tong, Vne Aube, a crison [1593 crisom], the albe or surplesse of a priest.
4. (In full, chrisom-child, chrisom-babe, etc.): orig. A child in its chrisom-cloth; a child in its first month; an innocent babe.
a.c1275Serving Christ 11, in O.E. Misc. 90 Þer þe crysme child for sunnes sore schal dred. 1599Shakes. Hen. V, ii. iii. 12 A made a finer end, and went away and it had beene any Christome Child. 1651Jer. Taylor Holy Dying i. §2 Undiscerned, as are the Phantasms that make a Chrisome-child to smile. 1654Vilvain Epit. Ess. vii. 69 A Mother and Chrism Child..Cam by small Pox..t'untimely fate. 1680Bunyan Life Badman 566 Mr. Badman died like a lamb; or as they call it, like a chrisom-child, quietly and without fear. 1829Southey O. Newman vi, Like baptism to a chrysome babe, Something that means he knows and recks not what.
b.a1667Jer. Taylor Serm. xxvi. (1678) 396 The lot of dying Chrysoms, whose portion must be among those who never glorified God with a free obedience. 1755in Johnson.
b. In obituaries and the like, applied to a child that died during the first month or shortly after baptism, and was shrouded in its chrisom-cloth.
Some think that it was applied to children that died unbaptized; but indisputable evidence of this has not been found, although modern editors have so understood quot. 1601, and the like; and cf. chrisomer.
1542Par. Reg. St. Mich. Bristol, A crisom of a strange minister..bur. 29 Dec. 1593Par. Reg. Twickenham, The Cobler's crisom child, bur. 12 Mar. 1601Par. Reg. in Masson Milton i, The 12th of May anno 1601 was buried a Chrysome Child of Mr John Mylton's of this Parish. 1619Par. Reg. in Christy Trade Signs Essex, etc. (1887) 32 A chrisome son of Robt. Ogden..was buried the xxx day of December. 1670Blount Glossogr., Chrisomes, in the Bills of Mortality are such children as die within the month of birth, because during that time they use to wear the Chrisom cloth. 1687in J. S. Burn Par. Reg. (1862) 127 The Princess Anns Child, a Chrissome bu. in y⊇ Vault, Oct. 22. 1687. 1704Cocker Dict., Chrism..also a Child dying before Baptism, or within a month of wearing the Chrisme Cloath. 1854Hook Ch. Dict., By an abuse of words, the term is now used..to denote children who die before they are baptized. 1862Sir H. Taylor St. Clement's Eve i. ii, Strangling Chrisom babies e'er the Priest Sweating with haste could haste to christen them.
c. gen. Infant, babe, innocent.
1596Nashe Saffron Walden 127 This turn-broach comparison of a chicken and a chrisome, with one of the most tryed Souldiours of Christendome. 1636Davenant Witts v. i, Thou..wouldst not join thy halfpenny To send for milk for the poor chrisom. 1638Ford Fancies iv. i. (1811) 187 The boy, surely..was to any man's thinking, a very chrisome in the thing you wot. c1640Shirley Capt. Underwit iii. ii. in Bullen Old Pl. II. 364 How do you like the novice..Is he not a pretty Chrisome?
d. dial. Silly person, idiot. (See quot.)
1883Almondsbury & Huddersf. Gloss. (E.D.S.), Chrisom, still used in the local dialect, and probably signifies a pitiable object, such as a man reduced to a skeleton. Sheffield dial. (S. O. Addy) Does ta think I'd marry an old chrisom like thee.
5. ? = chrismatory.
1563Foxe A. & M. (1596) 962/1 The Ladie Marie of Norfolke, bearing the Chrysome which was very rich of Pearle and Stone.
6. attrib. and in Comb., as chrisom-lace, chrisom-pie; chrisom-calf, (see quot.); chrisom-child (see 4); chrisom-cloth, -robe (see 2 a); chrisom-loosing [OE. crism-liesing]: ? leaving off of the baptismal cloth or robe.
1661Blount Glossogr. s.v., Chrisom, In some parts of England a calf kill'd before it is a month old, is called a *chrisom-calf.
1530Test. Ebor. (Surtees) V. 297 Item to hys wyff my *crysom laces.
a887O.E. Chron. an. 878 His [Godrum's] *crism lising wæs æt Weþmor. 1869Hook Lives Abps. I. vi. 310 Twelve days..the warriors dwelt in the Saxon camp: on the eighth the chrisom-loosing began.
1683Shipman Carolina 113 Must..provide a *Crisome Py.
▪ II. † ˈchrisom, v. Obs.
[f. prec. n.]
= chrism v.
a1300Cursor M. 29313 Wit husel or wit crisumyng. a1400Morte Arth. 3186 And crowne hym kyndly with krysomede hondes. c1420Anturs of Arth. xviii, Cristunt and crisumte, with condul and with code. |