| 释义 |
cinquefoil, cinqfoil, n. and a.|ˈsɪŋkfɔɪl|
Forms: 5 sinkfoil, (qwynfoile), 5–6 synkfoil(e, 6 cinkfoly, -ie, cinfoly, cinkfoile, (cinkefield), cinqfile, cinquefole, (cintfoyle), sinke-, synke-, sinckefoyle, 6–7 cinke-, cinquefoile, -foyle, 7 cinkfoil, sinkefoile, (sinkfield), 7–9 cinqfoil, 7– cinquefoil.
[f. OF. type *cinkfoil, mod.F. quintefeuille (quintefoil in Alphita, 15th c.), corresp. to L. quinquefolium, f. quinque five + folium leaf.]
A. n.
1. The plant Potentilla reptans (family Rosaceæ), with compound leaves each of five leaflets. Also used of other species with similar leaves, and as a book-name for the whole genus.
1545T. Raynalde Byrth Man. 81 Take of cinkefoyle the leues and rotes. 1562Turner Herbal (1568) ii. 110 b, Quinquefolium is named in English Cinkfoly, or fyvefyngred grasse, or herb fyvelefe. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 97 Necessarie herbes to growe in the garden for Physick..Cinqfile. 1580Hollyband Treas. Fr. Tong., Quintefueille..an Hearbe called Cinkefield. 1589Greene Menaphon (Arb.) 36 There growes the cintfoyle, and the hyacinth. 1676Hobbes Iliad (1677) 33 Upon lote and cinquefoil feeding. 1858R. Hogg Veget. Kingd. 304 The Cinquefoils..numbering nearly two hundred species. 1863S. B. Gould Iceland 332 Sprinkled with the orange Alpine cinquefoil.
b. marsh cinquefoil: = Comarum palustre.
1793G. White Selborne (ed. Wood) ii. xl. 265, I found Comarum palustre..or marsh cinque foil.
2. An ornamental design resembling the leaf of cinque-foil. Obs. exc. as in b and c.
1424E.E. Wills (1882) 56 Six saucers of siluere werkid with a sink foil vnder þe brerdeȝ. 1448Will of Blackett (Somerset Ho.), A basyn with the qwynfoile with the ewer. 1534in Peacock Eng. Ch. Furniture (1866) 193 A huntynge horne harnesid with siluer with a bukkill & xviii barres & a synkfoile.
b. As a charge in Heraldry.
1592W. Wyrley Armorie 88 In siluer shield a cinquefoil blue. 1864Boutell Heraldry Hist. & Pop. xi. 71 In the early Rolls the cinqfoil and the six-foil are used without any distinction.
c. Arch. An ornament used in the Pointed style, consisting of five divisions or ‘leaves’ formed by the spaces between a series of cusps, inscribed in a pointed arch or in a circular ring. Hence cinquefoil-headed adj.
1816Gentl. Mag. LXXXVI. i. 222 The window..is divided by two mullions into three cinquefoil-headed lights. 1849Freeman Archit. 418 With..the cinquefoil, and even the actual pointed horse-shoe arch. 1876Gwilt Archit. Gloss., The cinquefoil, when inscribed in a circle, forms a rosette of five equal leaves having an open space in the middle, the leaves being formed by the open spaces.
B. adj. [= L. quinquefolius] = next.
c1420Pallad. on Husb. iii. 656 Nowe betes sowe, and synk or quater foil Transplaunte. 1688R. Holme Armoury ii. 90/1 The Cinquefoile Avens hath the leaf divided into 5 parts. 1749Phil. Trans. XLVI. 143 The Rays on the upper Part forming a beautiful cinquefoil Figure. 1816J. Smith Panorama Sc. & Art I. 139 In many doors, a trefoil and even cinquefoil feathering is used. |