| 释义 |
▪ I. circumvallate, a.|sɜːkəmˈvæleɪt|
[ad. L. circumvallātus pa. pple. of circumvallāre to surround with a rampart, f. circum- + vallum rampart.]
Surrounded as with a rampart; spec. in Physiol. applied to the large papillæ on the back of the tongue, each of which has a kind of entrenchment round it.
1661Lovell Hist. Anim. & Min. Introd., Their finns are foure, two in the prone part, two in the supine, and circumvallate round. 1849–52Todd Cycl. Anat. IV. 860/1 The circumvallate papillæ..are restricted to a small space at the base of the tongue. 1881Mivart Cat vi. 172 The circumvallate papillæ, each of which consists of a flattened prominence..with a sort of trench round it.
▪ II. circumvallate, v.|sɜːkəmˈvæleɪt|
[f. L. circumvall-āre (see prec.) + -ate3. Browning appears to accent cirˈcumvallate, which is elsewhere not infrequent.]
trans. To surround with a rampart or entrenchment.
1860Sala Lady Chesterf. iv. 59 A fortress to be circumvallated. 1884A. G. Hake Chinese Gordon vi. 128 The walls were circumvallated by a ditch.
b. transf. and fig.
1823New Monthly Mag. VII. 45 The impenetrable barrier of..self-love that circumvallated his heart. 1829C. Welch Wesl. Polity 243 [Conference] thus circumvallated and inaccessible. 1868Browning Ring & Bk. iv. 791 Circumvallated month by month.
Hence circumvallating ppl. a.
1884C. Rogers Soc. Life Scotl. I. i. 27 Five circumvallating walls were not uncommon. |