| 释义 |
▪ I. siderite1 Min.|ˈsɪdəraɪt, saɪˈdɪəraɪt|
[In early use a. F. siderite (16th c.), or ad. L. sidērītes m., sidērītis f., a. Gr. σιδηρίτης, -ῖτις, f. σίδηρος iron. In later use directly f. Gr. σίδηρ-ος + -ite1 2 b.]
†1. Loadstone. Obs.
1579Puttenham Eng. Poesie, Partheniades (1811) vii. 50 Not flint, I trowe, I am a lyer; But syderite that feeles noe fier. 1607? Brewer Lingua iv. i, Hee fastens a post, vpon which he hangs me in a corde a Siderite, of Herculian stone. 1694Motteux Rabelais iv. lxii, He hang'd on a Gibbet by a Rope a very large Siderite or iron-like Stone,..commonly call'd Load-stone.
2. (See quot. 1623 and siderites.)
1623Cockeram iii, Siderite, a stone like iron, hauing power to set variance amongst men. 1656in Blount Glossogr. 1861King Antique Gems (1866) 67 The Siderites, of a steel colour and very heavy, were doubtless Sapphires, for they could be drilled by means of another Diamond.
†3. A phosphate of iron; pharmacosiderite, cube-ore. Obs.
So named by Bergmann (1790) under the impression that it was a new metal.
1795Phil. Trans. LXXXV. 335 The white matter I supposed was the siderite of Bergman; which is now believed to be phosphate of iron. 1796Kirwan Elem. Min. (ed. 2) II. 179 Iron in a Reguline state united to Phosphorus is called Siderite. 1805Phil. Trans. XCV. 325 The error which subsisted for a few years, respecting the compound formerly called siderite.
†4. Hornblende. Obs.
1811Pinkerton Petral. I. 4 Siderite sometimes composes entire mountains... This important substance..is the horn⁓blende of the German miners. Ibid. 9 In general..when the substance has a crystallised and silky appearance, it must be classed among the siderites.
5. A blue variety of quartz.
Named by Moll (1797).
1823W. Phillips Min. (ed. 3) 210 Siderite..is compact, of a greyish or greenish blue colour, is nearly as hard as quartz, and possesses a resinous or waxy lustre. 1841Penny Cycl. XIX. 200/1 Blue Quartz, Siderite, occurs crystallized and massive. 1860Piesse Lab. Chem. Wonders 72 The beautiful amethyst, the blue siderite, the yellow Cairngorm.
6. Rhombohedral carbonate of iron, native ferrous carbonate, spathic iron-ore.
Named by Haidinger (1844); also called siderose.
1850Ansted Elem. Geol. Min., etc. 206 There is a strong tendency in these crystalline carbonates to assume a spherical form; and hence the name Siderite and Sphærosiderite. 1879Encycl. Brit. X. 228/2 Siderite, Chalybite, or Spathic Iron (carbonate of iron) occurs both crystallized and massive. 1894Harper's Mag. Jan. 410 Siderite, or spathic ore, so called from its sparry or glassy crystals, is a combination of iron with carbonic acid (Fe OCO2).
7. A meteorite consisting mainly of iron.
1875Nature XII. 521/1 The great division of meteorites into iron masses or siderites, mixed masses or siderolites.., and aërolites or stony meteorites,..seems to be a sufficiently logical division. 1881Ibid. XXIV. 508 The detection of carbon, while it agrees with the element's occurrence in siderites and carbonaceous aërolites, reminds us [etc.].
▪ II. siderite2 Bot.
[ad. L. sidērītis, Gr. σιδηρῖτις, f. σίδηρος iron: cf. prec.]
A plant of the genus Sideritis; see iron-wort.
1753Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. s.v. Sideritis, In all the siderites the flowers grow in circles round the stalks. 1828–32in Webster (citing Coxe and Parr). |