| 释义 |
preventative, a. and n.|prɪˈvɛntətɪv|
Also 8 erron. -itive.
[f. prevent v. + -ative. See also preventive, the preferable formation.]
A. adj. = preventive a. 2, 2 b, 2 c.
1654–66Earl of Orrery Parthen. (1676) 581 All preventative thoughts of hostility were silenced. 1722De Foe Plague 137 To send a preventative Medicine to the Father of the Child. 1822A. Ranken Hist. France IX. v. 104 This was merely a preventative measure. 1860J. W. Warter Sea-board II. 207 No preventative man but knew the name of Coaly! 1884Chr. World 10 July 513/3 Its action has been rather preventative than corrective. 1936W. H. S. Smith Let. 18 July in Young Man's Country (1977) ii. 16 My principal occupation was trying ‘Bad Livelihood’ cases. These are preventative cases for securing the good behaviour of criminals by taking a bond. 1939Ann. Reg. 1938 93 Two new types of prison sentences were proposed. One was called ‘corrective training’... The other was called ‘preventative detention’, and was to be for not less than two and not more than four years for persons over 30, but up to ten years on certain types of offenders with long criminal records. 1968Globe & Mail (Toronto) 5 Feb. 10/8 A Democratic administration had gotten the United States deeply involved in Vietnam..by failing to apply ‘preventative diplomacy’. 1973Black Panther 21 July 8/3 The People's Free Health Clinic..provides medical treatment and preventative care on a clinical level. 1976Oxf. Mission Q. Paper July/Sept. 15 Many of the people are illiterate and it takes a lot of patient talking and convincing before they can see the benefits of preventative medicine.
B. n.
a. = preventive n.
1775S. J. Pratt Liberal Opin. cxv. (1783) IV. 75 Without meeting any new preventative in my way, I at length took by the hand my friend Mr. Green. 1776Adam Smith W.N. iv. v. (1869) II. 116 The most effectual preventative of a famine. 1809Syd. Smith Serm. I. 413 The most effectual preventative against the perils of idle opulence. 1812Wellington in Gurw. Desp. (1838) IX. 462, I shall..not trouble Government..with suggestions of remedies or preventatives. 1829Lytton Devereux iii. iv, The only preventative to rebellion is restraint. 1847Lewes Hist. Philos. (1853) 233 A preventative against ill fortune.
b. Med. = preventive n. b.
1774Pennant Tour Scot. in 1772, 175 The practice of bleeding—as a preventitive against the pleurisy. 1793Washington Writ. (1892) XII. 395 Wearing flannel next the skin is the best cure for, and preventative of the Rheumatism I ever tried. 1812Southey Omniana II. 265 A preventative for canine madness. 1848J. H. Newman Loss & Gain 163 Dr. Baillie's preventative of the flatulency which tea produces. 1879Mrs. A. G. F. E. James Ind. Househ. Managem. 24 Essence of Jamaica ginger, which is a very good preventative of sea-sickness.
c. A contraceptive; = preventive n. c.
1901J. A. Godfrey Science of Sex ii. vi. 257 The checks employed by women are more diverse in mechanical detail... Opinions differ greatly as to both the reliability and the physiological harmlessness of these forms of preventative. Ibid. 256 So long as the sheath remains whole, it is an absolute preventative. 1918R. B. Armitage Private Sex Advice to Women x. 130 The use of ‘contraceptives’ or ‘preventatives’ is considered justified in certain cases. 1934Dylan Thomas Let. Oct. (1966) 143 Do you believe in preventatives? |