| 释义 |
▪ I. clem, clam, v.1 dial.|klɛm, klæm|
Forms: 6– clem (clemmed), 7– clam. Mod. dial.: Lancs., Cheshire, Shropsh., Huddersfield, Derbysh., Leicestersh., clem, clam; Whitby, Staffordsh., S. Cheshire, Hereford, Flint, clem; Westmrld., Mid Yorks., Holderness, Lincs., Northampton, clam.
[cogn. with MHG., modG., MDu., Du. klemmen to pinch, cramp, compress, Da. klemme, Sw. klämma to press, squeeze, pinch. In the older stages evidenced only in composition: OE. beclemman to restrain, confine, shut in, OS. biklemmjan to pinch, OHG. bichlemmen to clutch, compress, squeeze (modG. and Du. beklemmen to pinch, distress); OS. also antklemmjan to burst open. These indicate a Com. Teut. *klammjan, f. klamm-, OE. clamm, clǫmm n. ‘fetter, cramp, constriction, confinement’; see clam n.1 ME. has forclemmed in E.E. Allit. Poems. The simple vb. hardly appears before 1600, but is widely spread in the forms clem and clam over the northern half of England from Westmorland to Leicester, and from Lincoln to Hereford. Its distribution makes it possible that it is here of Norse origin.]
1. trans. To pinch as hunger or fasting does; to waste with hunger, starve. (Also sometimes with reference to thirst.)
c1540Scott. Feilde in Percy Folio (c 1650) I. 225 Their company was clemmed: and much cold did suffer; water was a worthy drinke: win it who might. 1601B. Jonson Poetaster i. ii, I cannot eat stones and turfs..What, will he clem me and my followers? Aske him an he will clem me. 1626Massinger Rom. Actor ii. i. (Gifford), My entrails Were clemm'd [Nares has clamm'd] with keeping a perpetual fast. 1674Ray N.C. Words (E.D.S.), Clem'd or clam'd, starved, because, by famine, the guts and bowels are as it were clammed or stuck together. Sometimes it signifies thirsty. c1746Collier (Tim Bobbin) Gloss., Clemm'd, famish'd, starv'd. 1821Mrs. Wheeler Westmorld. Dial. 13 He may lick the..or clam the, nay sell the. 1839–48Bailey Festus xix. 211 Some burned, some drowned, some maimed, some clammed themselves. 1857Sir F. Palgrave Norm & Eng. II. 413. 1887 Hall Caine Son of Hagar I. vii. 131 She was like to clem me.
2. intr. To suffer the pangs of hunger (or thirst); to pine with hunger, starve.
1599B. Jonson Ev. Man out of Hum. iii. vi. 64 Hard is the choise when the valiant must eate their armes, or clem. 1781J. Hutton Tour Caves Gloss. (E.D.S.), Clam, to pine to death for want of water. 1831E. Elliott Corn L. Rhymes, Sqr. Leech ii, Will is clamming—bread-tax thrives. 1854Mrs. Gaskell North & S. xvii, Think of that first strike..how we all had to clem.
Hence clemmed ppl. a., clemming vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1674[see sense 1]. 1773J. Ross Fratricide ii. 574 Like a Tygress couch'd..to spring upon her prey..to relieve her clamming young. 1851Sir F. Palgrave Norm. & Eng. I. 438 Violet and snowdrop were nipped in their clemmed buds. 1854Mrs. Gaskell North & S. xvii, Too much dazed wi' clemming to know when they're put upon. 1868B. Brierley Fratchingtons iii. 35 in Lanc. Gloss. (E.D.S.) s.v., Theau fastened on me like a clemmed leech.
▪ II. clem, v.2 Sc.
[var. of cleam.]
To stop a hole with clay, or any viscous substance. (Jamieson.)
▪ III. clem, clemat
obs. ff. claim, climb, climate. |