| 释义 |
silicate|ˈsɪlɪkeɪt, -kət|
[f. prec. + -ate4. So F. silicate.]
a. Any salt, ester, or anion of a silicic acid; any substance (e.g. very many minerals and rocks) which is regarded as being formed from silica together with other oxides, and has an extended polymeric anionic structure built up from linked (SiO4) tetrahedra. Cf. siliciate.
1811Phil. Trans. CI. 176 A compound salt, consisting of silicate of alumina, and fluate of alumina. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. (ed. 4) I. 36 The cereals require the alkalies and silicates liberated by the lime. 1872W. S. Symonds Rec. Rocks i. 12 Amongst the other volcanic minerals the most important are the silicates of alumina, lime, magnesia, potash, and soda. 1891Jrnl. Chem. Soc. LX. ii. 814 (heading) Action of phosphorus oxychloride on ethereal silicates and their chloro-derivatives. 1937W. L. Bragg Atomic Structure of Minerals ix. 146 The classification of the silicates by their silicon-oxygen structures..corresponds to a large extent to the usual mineralogical classification. The structure is so rigid in the pyroxenes and amphiboles, micas, felspars and zeolites that it decides the crystal form. 1959Berry & Mason Mineralogy xv. 462 Silicate classification is based on the types of linkages, which are as follows: 1. Independent tetrahedral groups... 2. Double tetrahedra structures [etc.]. 1962P. J. & B. Durrant Introd. Adv. Inorg. Chem. xviii. 605 In most silicates the SiO4 tetrahedra are not discrete, but are parts of larger systems in which certain oxygen atoms are held in common by two tetrahedra.
b. Comb., as silicate board, a board made fireproof by being saturated with silicate; silicate cotton, slag-wool; silicate paint, ‘natural silica, when dried and forming an almost impalpable powder, mixed with colours and oil’ (Annandale Imperial Dict. 1882).
1881Daily News 24 Dec. 3/4 Some incombustible, non-conducting material—preferably silicate cotton, which is manufactured from blast furnace slag. 1884Knight Dict. Mech. Suppl. 810/1 Silicate-Board, an incombustible board for roofing. |