| 释义 |
▪ I. simulate, ppl. a.|ˈsɪmjʊlət|
Also 5 similate, 6 symulate; 5 similat, 6–7 Sc. simulat.
[ad. L. simulāt-us, pa. pple. of simulāre: see next.]
= simulated ppl. a.
1435Misyn Fire of Love 4 Deuocion not holy bot similate. 1447O. Bokenham Seyntys (Roxb.) 29, I wyl not tellyn..what accyoun he feynyd,..and how and be what similat facyoun Meche peple to hys favour he dreu. 1550Bale English Votaries ii. Pref., The sodometrouse vowe of their symulate chastyte. 1581Marbeck Bk. of Notes 450 By their fained simplicitie and simulate holinesse. 1671[? R. MacWard] Case Accomod. Exam. 75 He can not prevail by his simulat condescendencies. a1676Bp. Guthrie Mem. (1702) 102 The simulat division betwixt the two Marquesses of Hamilton and Argile. 1804J. Grahame Sabbath 622 'Tis war alone that never violates The hallow'd day by simulate respect. 1845Jane Robinson Whitehall xix. 133 Imprisoned in all that simulate magnificence.
▪ II. simulate, v.|ˈsɪmjʊleɪt|
Also 7 similate.
[f. L. simulāt-, ppl. stem of simulāre to make like, imitate, counterfeit, etc., f. similis like.]
1. a. trans. To assume falsely the appearance or signs of (anything); to feign, pretend, counterfeit, imitate; to profess or suggest (anything) falsely.
1652Gaule Magastrom. 267 This magicall sorcerer simulated the Christian faith, and was baptized. a1661Fuller Worthies, Berkshire i. (1662) 112 The Royalists were at night fain to hang lighted matches on the Hedges, (so to similate their aboad thereabouts) whilst they drew of. 1735Thomson Liberty iii. 485 What tho' the first smooth Cæsars arts caress'd, Merit, and virtue, simulating Me? 1791Boswell Johnson an. 1752, To suppose that Johnson's fondness for her was dissembled (meaning simulated or assumed). 1835Arnold in Life & Corr. (1844) I. 407 A government..in word and action simulating reform. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. x. II. 610 He did not think it worth his while to simulate regret for his past errors. 1874L. Stephen Hours Libr. (1892) I. i. 9 These..show the pleasure which he took in simulating truth.
b. To have the external features of, to present a strong resemblance to (something).
a1661Fuller Worthies (1840) III. 204 If it [a vault] be merely natural, it doth curiously imitate art; if purely artificial it doth most lively simulate nature. 1853E. K. Kane Grinnell Exped. xlv. (1856) 413 We passed the hills of Disco in review, with their terraced summits, simulating the Ghauts of Hindostan. 1874M. C. Cooke Fungi 2 Yet there are some flowering plants, which, at first sight,..simulate cryptogams.
c. Zool. = mimic v. 5.
1876Spencer Princ. Sociol. I. i. viii. 126 Many caterpillars, beetles, moths, butterflies, simulate the objects by which they are commonly surrounded.
d. To imitate the conditions or behaviour of (a situation or process) by means of a model, esp. for the purpose of study or of training; spec. to produce a computer model of (a process).
1947Williams & Ritson in Jrnl. Inst. Electr. Engineers XCIV. iia. 123/2 If the control system contains discontinuous devices such as relays, these must be simulated by purely electronic means. 1958Gotlieb & Hume High-Speed Data Processing xiii. 258 A computer can simulate a warehouse, a factory, an oil refinery, or a river system, and if due regard is paid to detail the imitation can be very exact. 1966Guardian 16 May 3/7 Games in which the situation before the 1914–18 war or the American Mexican war is simulated repeat the original situation with up to 70 per cent reliability. 1972Nature 28 Apr. 462/1 Future population changes were simulated by computer.
†2. To convert into by simulation. Obs.—1
a1658J. Hewitt Serm. 176 We must not similate good into evil, nor truth into falshood, by wicked words or works.
†3. To put forward deceptively. Obs. rare—1.
1652Gaule Magastrom. 366 Whereupon Hilarion..was simulated for a witch or wizard, by the paganish party.
4. intr. To pretend or feign.
1823Roscoe tr. Sismondi's Lit. Eur. (1846) II. xxxvi. 470 Doomed to suffer and smile and simulate.
Hence ˈsimulating ppl. a.
1875Poste Gaius (ed. 2) Add. 669 The simulating disposition..was free from the supervening rules of the simulated disposition. |