| 释义 |
▪ I. coagulate, ppl. a. ? Obs.|kəʊˈægjʊlət|
[ad. L. coāgulāt-us, pa. pple. of coāgulāre: see next.]
1. as adj. Coagulated, clotted; congealed.
c1386Chaucer Can. Yeom. Prol. & T. 258 Combust matiers, and Coagulat. 1584R. Scot Discov. Witchcr. xiv. i. 294 1602 Shakes. Ham. ii. ii. 484 O're-sized with coagulate gore. 1697Phil. Trans. XIX. 372 Coagulate and clammy juices. 1843J. H. Newman Ess. Miracles 191 Blood, which had become coagulate.
†2. as ppl. a.
a. Concreted, ‘compact’;
b. Joined together in a mass. Obs.
1610Healey St. Aug. Citie of God 322 [Spirits] coagulate of the most subtile parts of ayre. Ibid. 417 The body consists of parts..combined and coagulate in one.
▪ II. coagulate, v.|kəʊˈægjʊleɪt|
[f. prec. ppl. a. or its Latin source: see -ate3 5. Fr. had coaguler in 14th c. (Littré), whence earlier Eng. coagule.]
1. trans. To convert (certain fluids, as blood, milk, albumen, etc.) into a soft solid mass, as by chemical action, heat, exposure to air, etc.; to curdle, clot, congeal.
1611Cotgr., Coaguler, to coagulate; curd, or congeale into a curd. 1616in Bullokar. 1668Wilkins Real Char. 80 [Bedstraw] used in some places to coagulate Milk. 1795Home in Phil. Trans. LXXXVI. 17 Attempts to coagulate the cells of the vitreous humour. 1831R. Knox Cloquet's Anat. 2 Albumen..is coagulated by heat, alcohol and the stronger acids. 1877M. Foster Text-Bk. Phys. i. i. 18 Serum deprived of its fibrinoplastin, and hydrocele fluid deprived of its fibrinogen, have lost all power of coagulating each other.
†b. To deposit in a solid form from solution; to crystallize. Obs.
1605Timme Quersit. i. v. 20 The niterus [salt]..which is there coagulated or congealed.
2. a. To form (anything plastic) into a solidified cake or mass; to form as a mass. lit. and fig. ? Obs.
1633T. Adams Exp. 2 Peter i. 4 This monster is not coagulated all at once. 1641Milton Ch. Discip. ii. (1851) 42 A mere ague-cake coagulated of a certaine Fever they have. c1645Howell Lett. (1650) II. 40 Venus..was got and coagulated of that foam. 1691Ray Creation ii. (1704) 360 There are who say that..Frogs that appear..after a shower are..coagulated of a certain kind of Dust commixt..with Rain-water.
b. To cause to stick together into a mass.
1610Donne Pseudo-martyr 373 Repentance, and Remission of sinnes..are that Doctrine which coagulates and gathers the Church into a body, and makes it Catholique. 1666Phil. Trans. I. 29 By compounding and coagulating several Salts together. 1671J. Webster Metallogr. iii. 46 Coagulating (or as Avicen learnedly speaketh) conglutinating the small sandy particles together. 1843Carlyle Past & Pr. (1858) 193 Coagulated into a mere hoof.
3. intr. Of albuminous fluids: To become converted into a soft solid mass; to curdle, clot, congeal, ‘set’.
1606Surflet Country Farme 91 Such milke..shall be put in vessels for to coagulate and turne to curds. 1667Phil. Trans. II. 450 The blood..began to coagulate in the Vein. 1835–6Todd Cycl. Anat. I. 88/2 White of egg, when heated to about 150° coagulates. 1848Carpenter Anim. Phys. 26 Albumen may also be made to coagulate..by the action of acids.
†b. To condense as vapour. Obs. rare.
1549Compl. Scot. vi. (1872) 58 Ane exalatione of humid vapours..ascendis in the sycond regione of the ayr, quhar that it coagulates in ane thik clud. 1656J. Serjeant tr. T. White's Peripatet. Inst. 132 If they..are coagulated into bigger parts, they become Water.
†c. To solidify by evaporation; to crystallize. (Said of liquid containing solid matter in solution, or of the solid matter deposited.) Obs.
1635N. Carpenter Geog. Del. ii. vi. 93 Salt Water mixt with fresh will more easily coagulate and congeale into salt. 1686tr. Lemery's Chym. i. xvi. (ed. 3) 364 If there should be too much [water] the salt would be weakned..and not able to coagulate. 1713Derham Phys. Theol. 64 foot-note, The Water falling from the upper Parts of the Cave..the Drops coagulating presently into Stones.
4. To stick or run together into lumps.
1669Worlidge Syst. Agric. (1681) 315 If Ashes coagulate or grow in lumps.
Hence coagulating vbl. n. and ppl. a.
1626Bacon Sylva (1677) §781 The Mulberry-leaf..hath coagulating virtue, which inspissateth the Dew. 1732Arbuthnot Rules of Diet 332 Caustic, astringent and coagulating Particles. 1872Huxley Phys. iii. 68 If blood-plasma be prevented from coagulating by cold. |