| 释义 |
‖ sirdar|ˈsɜːdɑː(r), səˈdɑː(r)|
Forms: α. 7, 9 serdar, 7 serdaar. β. 8 sardar, surdâr, 9 surdar. γ. 8 sirdâr, 9 sirdar.
[Urdū (Pers.) sardār, f. Pers. sar head + dār possessor.]
1. In India and other Eastern countries, a military chief, a leader or general of a force or army; also spec. more recently, the British commander-in-chief of the Egyptian army.
α1615Sandys Trav. 211 This Ioseph..got to be made Seidar [sic] of Damasco (which is Generall of the Souldiery). 1686tr. Chardin's Trav. Persia 256 He has also the Title of Serdar or General of the Army. 1819F. Hamilton Nepal 109 Military officers, named Serdars, frequently are appointed to command over different portions of the country.
β1718Ozell tr. Tournefort's Voy II. 349 The Janizaries are there under the Command of a Sardar. 1753Hanway Trav. (1762) I. iii. li. 231 The begler-begs have the power of life and death, as have also those sardares, who are on the frontiers. 1800Asiatic Ann. Reg. 178 He is a Sardar of five thousand horse in the Mahratta empire. 1899P. S. Allen Let. 15 Feb. (1939) 19 A Sardar of this neighbourhood whom we met in Khewra station sent us..a present. 1969S. M. Sadeek Windswept & Other Stories 36 An arsenal of life pulsed and throbbed between the harsh rasping orders of the sardars echoing through the native compound.
γ1803Wellington in Owen Wellesley's Desp. (1877) 788, I had also a long and difficult negotiation with the Nizam's sirdars. 1815Elphinstone Acc. Caubul (1842) I. 337 There are many other shops which accompany the camp, to supply the sirdars and the soldiers. 1885Times (weekly ed.) 26 June 4/3 The Turcoman shepherds or sirdars, who alone traverse these little frequented routes. 1898― 5 Sept. 3/3 The Sirdar's force to day marched to within six miles of Omdurman.
2. a. sirdar-bearer, an Indian valet or body-servant. (See bearer 1 d.)
1782India Gaz. 2 Sept. (Yule), That a gentleman should pay a rascal of a Sirdar Bearer monthly wages for 8 or 10 men. 1859Lang Wand. India 104 A sirdar-bearer (personal attendant, or Indian valet) took charge of my two boxes. 1863Trevelyan Compet. Wallah (1866) 225 There is every reason to believe that he is honest, as Sirdar-bearers go.
b. ellipt. in the same sense.
c1813Mrs. Sherwood Ayah & Lady xii. 75 ‘I will also swear,’ said the sirdar, ‘by Gunga’ [etc.]. 1828Asiatic Costumes 27 The barburdar, or surdar, ..keeps the keys, and in fact has charge of every thing in the house. 1845Stocqueler Handbk. Brit. India (1854) 117 The sirdar-bearer, called sirdar in brevity, is, among other things, the valet-de-chambre.
Hence sirdarship, the office of Sirdar.
1898Daily Chron. 10 Oct. 6/3 The statements that Lord Kitchener intends to resign the Sirdarship. |