| 释义 |
‖ sirkar Anglo-Ind.|ˈsɜːkɑː(r)|
Forms: α. 7 sercar(e, -carr, -cor; 7 sarkar, 9 surcar; 8 sircâr, 8–9 sircar, 9 sirkar. β. 7 cercarr, circare, 8–9 circar.
[Urdū (Pers.) sarkār, f. Pers. sar head + kār agent, doer.]
†1. The court or palace of a native king or prince. Obs.
1619in Foster Eng. Factories India (1906) I. 160 We weare sent for to the Governors to cut price of our clothes for the Princes sercarr. 1623Ibid. (1908) II. 303 [Three pictures] delivered into the Prince his sercare. 1626Ibid. (1909) III. 141 [A commodity] which beloungeth to our masters cercare.
2. A province; a revenue division. Cf. circar.
1627in Foster Eng. Factories India (1909) III. 176 The Decies of Surrat Cercare..will not obey the Kings firmaen, though the Divan..seemeth to urge them. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. II. 532 Large provinces called Soubahs, which were subdivided into sircars and Purgunnahs. 1800Asiatic Ann. Reg. II. 15/2 The great failure has occurred in the northern sircars; where..the collections are still attended with difficulty. 1806T. Maurice Ind. Antiq. I. 285 Multan contains 3 sircars, divided into 8 pergunnahs.
3. The State or Government.
1798Edmonstone in Owen Wellesley's Desp. (1877) 61 The allied Sircars look to no other object than the security and tranquillity of their own dominions. 1800Wellington in Gurw. Desp. (1844) I. 54 To make the people pay the circar according to the exchange fixed at Seringapatam. 1883S. Mateer Travancore (1891) 179 The principal temples..are under the immediate control of the Sirkar or native Government. 1896B. M. Croker Village Tales 118, I fled to the plains, where I have taken road contracts for the Sirkar, and prospered.
4. A house-steward (usu. native).
1772Verelst View Eng. Govt. Bengal Gloss. p. v, In common usage in Bengal, the under Banyans of European gentlemen are called Sircars. 1776Trial of Nundocomar 47/2 The cloth which common sircars tie round their loins. 1796E. Hamilton Lett. Hindoo Rajah (1811) II. 187 My English Sircar, who has the uncontrolled disbursement of my money. c1803Mrs. Sherwood in Life (1847) xv. 269 These persons were..stewards, or head servants,—persons in Calcutta called Circars.
5. A native writer or accountant; a clerk employed in a merchant's office for making purchases, etc.
1828Asiatic Costumes 41 The surcars are brokers, agents, and clerks, in all the public offices in Calcutta. 1905Statesman 23 Aug. 3/4 The accused..was a bill collecting sircar in the employ of the complainant. |