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▪ I. sirocco, n.|sɪˈrɒkəʊ|
Also 7 syrocco, 8 syrocca, serocco; 7, 9 scirocco, 9 scirrocco.
[a. It. sirocco, scirocco (also scilocco), = Sp. siroco (also xaloque), Pg. xarouco, Prov. siroc, older F. siroc, siroch (also siloc, sciloque, etc.), ad. Arab. sharq east, f. sharaqa (the sun) rose. Cf. prec.]
1. a. An oppressively hot and blighting wind, blowing from the north coast of Africa over the Mediterranean and affecting parts of Southern Europe (where it is also moist and depressing). Usually with the.
α1617Moryson Itin. i. 211 The South-East winde (which the Italians call Syrocco) did blow very contrary to us. 1667Milton P.L. x. 706 Forth rush..Eurus and Zephir with thir lateral noise, Sirocco, and Libecchio. 1756–7tr. Keysler's Trav. (1760) II. 96 The woods south of Rome are kept up as a fence against the Sirocco, or south-west wind. a1791Wesley Serm. lxix. Wks. 1811 IX. 251 There will be no Sirocco in Italy. 1818Mrs. E. H. Iliff Poems sev. Occas. (ed. 2) 120 When dire Sirocco..From Afric's burning sands mephitic vapours brings. 1859Hawthorne Marble Faun xl, Where the sirocco steals away their strength. 1884F. M. Crawford Rom. Singer I. 21 The sirocco was blowing up and down the streets.
transf.1848J. S. Robinson Sk. Gt. West 17 The dreaded Sirocco..burns us even through our clothes. 1870Weekly Standard (Buenos Aires) 21 Dec. (Suppl.) col. 6 The Sirocco on Wednesday was so terrible that in the effort to keep cool, the mind reverted to icebergs and Polar travels but all in vain. 1872E. Braddon Life India ii. 14 From the west blows a scorching wind, the sirocco of..the Daodpore desert.
β1819Shelley Lett. Prose Wks. 1880 IV. 134 My health is better so long as the scirocco blows. 1861E. A. Beaufort Egypt. Sepulch. & Syrian Shrines II. 223 Under the balmy skies of the early spring, before the horrible scirocco begins to blow. 1866Howells Venet. Life iii. 33 The insidious heat of the scirocco.
b. With a and pl.
α1700J. Jackson Let. 2 Feb. in Private Corr. S. Pepys (1926) I. 278 But the weather being changed and the Sciroccos now blowing into the place of the Tramontains, this design is become impracticable. 1820Byron Mar. Fal. i. ii. 572 The atmosphere is thick and dusky; 'Tis a sirocco. 1884St. James's Gaz. 11 Dec. 10/2 The storm..was followed by a sirocco, which lasted until noon.
β1841FitzGerald Lett. (1889) I. 71 We have incessant rain, which is as bad as your sciroccos. 1860Mrs. Harvey Cruise Claymore vii. 134 A khamseen was blowing;..this wind, which is an exaggerated scirocco, brings clouds of hot sand from the desert.
c. fig. A blighting influence; a fiery storm.
1864G. A. Sala Quite Alone I. ii. 40 Now Scandal's sirocco seized a spiteful anecdote, and twirled and twisted and sent it spinning. 1865J. H. Ingraham Pillar of Fire (1872) 401, I..have passed through a sirocco of the soul.
2. ellipt. A sirocco drying-machine (see 3).
1890Daily News 2 Sept. 2/5 When the hops have been sufficiently rolled..they are..placed in the drying machine or sirocco. 1892Walsh Tea 105 In the process of ‘firing’ the leaves are..placed in layers in a hot-air machine, known as a ‘Sirocco’.
3. attrib., as sirocco blast, sirocco-dust, sirocco fog, sirocco gale, sirocco weather, sirocco wind; also sirocco fan, a fan for forcing a strong current of air into a mine, etc.; sirocco drying-closet, drying-machine, oven, a closet, machine, or oven for drying hops or tea-leaves, by means of a hot, moist current of air (cf. 2).
1894Gladstone Horace iii. xxiii. 5 Your vines shall mock *scirocco blasts.
1885C. G. W. Lock Worksh. Rec. Ser. iv. 115/2 About a third of the tea..is cured in Davidson's so-called ‘*sirocco’ drying-closets.
1890Pall Mall G. 1 Oct. 2/3 The first ‘*Sirocco’ drying machine (in which hops are being made into tea).
1879Encycl. Brit. X. 266/1 The dust or sand of dried lakes..borne away into the upper regions of the atmosphere,..may descend again..in the form of ‘red-fog’, ‘sea-dust’, or ‘*sirocco-dust’.
1861E. A. Beaufort Egypt. Sepulch. & Syrian Shrines II. xxiii. 295 The mountains..were veiled in a dreamy, sad-looking *scirocco fog.
1895F. M. Crawford Casa Braccio xxxvi, Then came November with its pestilent *sirocco gales and its dampness.
1890Daily News 2 Sept. 2/5 The machinery consists of a *Sirocco oven and a patent tea roller.
1897Hughes Mediterranean Fever v. 193 It [sc. ice] will also be needed in warm and *sirocco weather.
1777A. Adams in Fam. Lett. (1876) 253 The same effect..which..the *sirocco winds have upon the inhabitants of Sicily. 1794Sullivan View Nat. I. 19 An enfeebling and unhinging power, like that of the Sirocco wind.
▪ II. siˈrocco, v. rare.
Also scirocco.
[f. the n.]
intr. and trans. To blow (about) like the sirocco.
1921D. H. Lawrence Let. 16 Nov. (1962) II. 677 It has blown, the wind, and snowed on Calabria, and sciroccoed till we are all of us in fragments. 1937J. Squire Honeysuckle & Bee vi. 170 The monotonous maudlin refrain of a song about the Isle of Capri... As it faded away, I remembered where, when it had already sciroccoed the world for six months, I had last heard it. |