| 释义 |
cock's-comb, cockscomb|ˈkɒkskəʊm|
Also 5 cok come, -cambe, -came, 6 cockome. A later spelling, chiefly in fig. senses is coxcomb, q.v.
1. The comb or crest of a cock.
c1400Mandeville xix. (1839) 207 White gees..thei han a gret crest as a cokkes comb vpon hire hedes [Fr. vne grosse boce sur la teste]. c1440Promp. Parv. 86 Cokkys combe, cirrus. c1450Nominale in Wr.-Wülcker 703/25 Hec crista, cokcome. 1547Boorde Introd. Knowl. xxiv. 185 A cap of sylke, the whych stondeth vp lyke a podynge or a cokes come. 1570Levins Manip. 161/30 A cockome, crista.
2. A cap worn by a professional fool, like a cock's-comb in shape and colour. See also coxcomb.
1562J. Heywood Prov. & Epigr. (1867) 55 Except ye bring him to weare a cocks comb at ende. 1590Webbe Trav. (Arb.) 31 With a fooles coate on my backe, halfe blew, half yellowe, and a cokescombe with three bels on my head. 1602Marston Antonio's Rev. iv. i. Wks. 1856 I. 116 (Enter Antonio in a fooles habit.)..This cockscombe is a crowne Which I affect. 1820Scott Ivanhoe xxvi, Let my cockscomb hang in the hall at Rotherwood, in memory that I flung away my life for my master, like a faithful—fool.
†3. A ludicrous term for the head: also coxcomb. Obs.
1598Shakes. Merry W. iii. i. 91, I will knog your Vrinal about your knaues Cogs-combe. 1650B. Discollim. 45 She hath a shrewd Cocks-combe in such businesses. 1654Gayton Pleas. Notes ii. vi. 61 To shave his Beard or powder his Cockscombe.
†4. A conceited fool; a fop. Now coxcomb.
1567Drant Horace Ep. xvii. F ij, Well giue him cloth, and let the foole goe like a Cockescombe still. 1576T. Newton tr. Lemnie's Complex. (1633) 162 Dolts and Cockscombes. 1706De Foe Jure Div. iv. 69 The Light that Error cozens Cock's-combs by.
5. A name given to various plants.
a. The Yellow Rattle (Rhinanthus Crista galli), a common weed in meadows.
1578Lyte Dodoens iv. lvi. 516 Yellow Rattel..is called..in base Almaigne..of some Hanekammekens, that is to say, Hennes Commes, or Coxecombes. 1597Gerarde Herbal ii. ccccxxxvi. 1071. 1601 Holland Pliny II. 275 Cocks-comb, hath leaues for all the world resembling the crest or comb of a cock. 1861Miss Pratt Flower. Pl. IV. 109 Yellow Rattle..The crested bracts procured for it the botanic and common appellation of Cock's-comb.
b. The florist's name for Celosia cristata, an amaranthad, grown as an ornamental plant.
1741Compl. Fam.-Piece ii. iii. 366 You may now transplant some of your..double-striped Balsamines and Cocks⁓combs. 1794Martyn Rousseau's Bot. xvi. 211 The Crested Amaranth..is commonly called Cock's comb, from the form in which the head of flowers grows. 1882Garden 15 Apr. 262/1 Balsams..and the old-fashioned Cockscomb.
c. Locally, in Great Britain, Sainfoin.
d. Wild Poppy.
e. Lousewort.
f. Adder's-tongue; etc. (Britten and Holl.)
g. In the West Indies, Erythrina Crista-galli, a handsome papilionaceous shrub.
1713I. Petiver Rare Plants in Phil. Trans. XXVIII. 211 Oriental Cocks-Comb, Onobrychis Orient. cristata.
6. A kind of oyster having both valves plaited. More fully cockscomb oyster.
1776Da Costa Elem. Conchol. 250 The species of this family [oyster] are very numerous; some are curious..as the Cockscombs, etc. 1856Woodward Mollusca 254 In the ‘cock's-comb’ oysters both valves are plaited.
7. attrib. and Comb., as cockscomb granulation, etc.; cockscomb ash, a variety of the ash with fasciated shoots; cockscomb grass, Cynosurus echinatus (Miller); cockscomb morion, a variety of the morion or open helmet of the 16th c.; cockscomb oyster: see 6; cockscomb pyrites, a variety of Marcasite.
1859Todd Cycl. Anat. V. 695/2 Hypertrophies of the crested folds of that membrane, which when everted, enlarged, and inflamed, constitute the condition termed ‘cockscomb granulation’. 1868Dana Min. 75 Cockscomb Pyrites, aggregations of flattened crystals into crest-like forms. 1882Garden 23 Sept. 272/3 The Cockscomb Ash..has..a large proportion of the shoots curiously fasciated. |