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▪ I. quinine, n.
(kwɪˈniːn, -ˈaɪn, U.S. ˈkwaɪnaɪn)
Also quinin.
[f. quin-a + -ine5.]
An important alkaloid (C20H24N2O2) found in the bark of various species of cinchona and remigia, used largely in medicine as a febrifuge, tonic, and antiperiodic, chiefly in the form of the salt, sulphate of quinine, which is popularly termed quinine.
‘Quinine was introduced into medical practice in 1820’ (Syd. Soc. Lex. 1897).
1826S. Cooper First Lines Surg. (ed. 5) 36 A still better preparation, now much used, is the sulphate of quinine. 1834[see cinchonine]. 1859Wilson & Geikie Mem. E. Forbes iv. 127 A few grains of silky white crystals of quinine were found sufficient to dispel the fever. 1887Athenæum 19 Feb. 260/1 Antifebrin is stated to be more effective than quinine in reducing fever.
b. attrib. and Comb., as quinine-bark, quinine-compound, quinine-purifier, quinine-test; quinine-producing, quinine-yielding adjs.; quinine-flower U.S., a plant of the gentian family, used locally as a febrifuge; quinine-tree Austral., (a) the horse-radish tree; (b) the native quince.
1880C. R. Markham Peruv. Bark 216 The richest of quinine yielding trees. Ibid. 249 The tree has peculiarities not possessed by any other quinine-producing species. 1884Bower & Scott De Bary's Phaner. 537 Examples are afforded..by the Quinine barks. 1898P. Manson Trop. Diseases vi. 105 The quinine test is generally conclusive in intermittents.
Hence quiˈninic a., pertaining to, derived from, quinine. quiˈninism = quinism (Mayne Expos. Lex. 1858). quiˈninize v. = quinize. quiniˈnometry = quinimetry.
▪ II. ˈquinine, v.
[f. the n.]
trans. To dose or treat with quinine.
1927Bulletin (Glasgow) 18 Mar. 5/5 The ‘choleric colonel from India’..is apparently more sinned against than sinning. His medical man has ‘quinined’ him. |