| 释义 |
▪ I. coif, n.|kɔɪf|
Forms: 3–7 coyfe, 4–5 coyffe, coyf, 6 coiffe, 6–7 coife, quoife, 7–9 quoif, 5– coif; (also 4 koife, coyif, coyphe, 5 koyf, 7 koyfe, 8 quoiff; 6 Sc. kuafe, queif, quayf, 7 quaiffe, quaife).
[ME. coyfe, a. OF. coife, coiffe (= Prov. cofa, Sp. cofia, Pg. coifa, It. cuffia):—late L. *cuffia (cofea in Venant. Fortunatus, cuphia in Alcuin), supposed by Diez and others to represent an OHG. *kupphja, deriv. of OHG. chuppha, MHG. kupfe cap.]
1. A close-fitting cap covering the top, back, and sides of the head.
†a. In early use a cap of this kind, tied like a night-cap under the chin, worn out of doors by both sexes.
†b. In later use, worn by men only as a night-cap, skull-cap, under-cap. Obs.
[1292Britton i. vi. §2 Et cum aucuns felouns vendrount en jugement a respoundre de lour felonie, volom nous qe il veignent dechaucez et deceyntz sauntz coyfe, et a teste descoverte, en pure lour cote.] c1325Poem temp. Edw. II, (Percy) xvi, A coyf to bind with his locks. a1350Evil Times Edw. II, 117 in Pol. Songs (Camden) 329 Somme [wantonne prestes]..ben ashamed of the werke the bishop hem bitok, At even he set upon a koife, and kembeth the croket. 1490Caxton Eneydos xvi. 62 He maketh his longe heres to be bounden in a coyffe rounde aboute his hed. 1533Elyot Cast. Helthe iv. (R.), I dyd throwe away my quylted cappe, and my other close bonnettes, and onely dyd lye in a thynne coyfe. 1591Florio 2nd Fruites 131 To thee, all catts are graie in the darke and euerie quoife will serue a nights. 1603Ceremonies at Coronat. Jas. I (1685) 8 A shallow Quoif is put on the Kings head. 1647Fuller Good Th. in Worse T. (1841) 81 A grant of liberty from Queen Mary to Henry Ratcliffe earl of Sussex, giving him leave to wear a night-cap or coif in her majesty's presence. a1662Heylin Laud Introd. 17 No man shall cover his head in the church or chappel in time of Divine Service, except he have some Infirmity, in which case let him wear a night⁓cap or coif. 1700Congreve Way of World v. v, In a quoif like a man-midwife. 1834J. R. Planché Brit. Costume 96 A white coif tied under the chin is [temp. Hen. III] frequently seen upon the heads of persons hunting or on horseback.
c. A cap of the night-cap form worn by women in-doors or under a bonnet. Obs. or dial. Also,
d. applied to head-coverings worn by women in foreign countries.
c1450Merlin xxvii. 507 She wolde make a coyf for hir suster. 1513Douglas æneis iv. iv. 19 Hir brycht tressis envolupit war and wound Intill a kuafe [ed. 1710 queif] of fyne gold wyrin threid. 1603Philotus xxii, Than may ȝe haue baith Quaiffis and Kellis, Hich Candie Ruffes and Barlet Bellis. 1621J. Reynolds God's Rev. agst. Murder i. iii. 93 Shee is inforced, yea, faine to sell away her quaives, her bands, and her upper coat. 1688R. Holme Armoury ii. 465/1 A gathered, or drawing Quoife..runneth upon strings which may be made wider or closer. 1707E. Ward Hud. Rediv. II. v. 16 Old Bawds..Cloking their Coives with modest Dress, And outward Signs of Holiness. 1727Swift Baucis & Phil., Instead of home-spun coifs, were seen Good pinners edg'd with colberteen. 1816Scott Old Mort. xxxix, The coif—the apron—the blue checked gown, were all those of old Ailie. 1855Whitby Gloss., Coif, a cap, an old-fashioned lace head-dress for females.
[1598Hakluyt Voy. I. 497 (R.) Ouer that her cappe (made after the coife fashion of cloth of gold) called Shapka Tempska.] 1617Moryson Itin. iii. iv. i. 173 The married women [of Italy] wear their heads bare, or couered with a fine linnen coyfe. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. II. 478 They [Circassian women] wear a black coif on their heads. 1813S. Rogers Jacquel. 90 Sabot and coif, and collerette. 1882Day of Rest 211 Brittany, The women wear the white coif of stiffly starched muslin.
e. transf.
1481Caxton Reynard xxxiv. (Arb.) 101 See, my lord the kyng, thus gate he his rede coyf. 1756–7tr. Keysler's Trav. (1760) IV. 283 A calf with two heads, with a kind of coif growing over one of them.
†2. An ecclesiastical head-dress. (Applied by Wyclif to that of the Jewish priests.) Obs.
1382Wyclif Ex. xxviii. 37 It shall be vpon the coyif [1388 mytre, Vulg. tiaram] standing ouer to the forheed of the bishop. Ibid. 39 The coif of bijs. c1440Promp. Parv. 86 Coyfe v. cappe, tena..Cappe, or hure, for clerkys, tena. 1574J. Studley tr. Bale's Pageant Popes, To Rdr., How can that foundation stand which is made of..tippets, coifs, chrisms.
3. A white cap formerly worn by lawyers as a distinctive mark of their profession; esp. that worn by a serjeant-at-law as part of his official dress; afterwards represented by the white border or a small patch of black silk on the top of the wig.
Fairholt says that ‘In the rolls of the wardrobe of King Richard II (1391) is an entry for twenty-one linen coifs for counterfeiting men of the law, in the King's Play at Christmas’.
1399Langl. Rich. Redeles iii. 320 Þey cared ffor no coyffes that men of court vsyn. 1597Hooker Eccl. Pol. v. §66 (1617) 356 A linnen Coife..an ornament which onely Sergeants at Law doe weare. 1680Lond. Gaz. No. 1512/3 The late Elected and Sworn Serjeants at Law did this day perform the Ceremony of walking in their Coifs to Westminster, from Grays-Inn. c1710C. Fiennes Diary (1888) 261 [The Serjeant] has a Coiffe put on his head, which is a black satten cap with a white Lace or Edge round ye bottom. 1708Chamberlayne St. Gt. Brit. i. ii. xiii. (1743) 110 A Serjeant at Law..is obliged to wear a lawn coif under his cap. 1884Pall Mall G. 29 May 4/2 Mr. Serjeant Pulling..shows that..the white border is the real representation by survival of the coif, the black patch representing the cornered cap which was worn above it. The coif was originally a kind of white hood, made apparently of lawn, which completely covered the head in the same way that a barrister's wig does now.
b. The position or order of serjeant-at-law.
1522Skelton Why nat to Court 313 He countys them foles and dawes, Sergyauntes of the coife eke. 1614Selden Titles Hon. 358 The Judges and Barons of the degree of the coife. 1640–4in Rushw. Hist. Coll. iii. (1692) I. 330 These Brothers of the Coyfe. 1711Addison Spect. No. 89 ⁋1 No less a man than a Brother of the Coif. 1770Foote Lame Lover iii. 55 O! Fye! have a proper respect for the coif. 1884Serjt. Pulling (title), The Order of the Coif. 1889Serjt. Robinson Bench & Bar 237 Serjeant Murphy died before I took the coif.
†4. A close-fitting skull-cap of iron or steel, or later, of leather, worn under the helmet; the skull-cap of a helmet. Obs. exc. Hist.
c1380Sir Ferumb. 898 Ys helm, ys coyphe, ys habryioun alle þay hadde to-rente. c1450Merlin x. 164 The kynge ban hym yaf so grete a stroke thourgh the helme that he slyt the sercle and the koyf of Iren to the heed. c1489Caxton Sonnes of Aymon i. 44 The coyffe of stele that made his stroke to slyde. 1525Ld. Berners Froiss. II. clxviii. [clxiv.] 475 The thirde course they vnhelmed eche other, so that bothe sate bareheaded in their coyfes. c1530― Arth. Lyt. Bryt. (1814) 271 He strake Arthur on the helme; so that it entred till it came to the coyfe of stele, and then the stroke dydde glente downe towarde the lyft syde, and strake awaye as muche of the hawberk as it touched. 1597Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, i. i. 147 Hence thou sickly Quoife, Thou art a guard too wanton for the head. 1766Barrington Observ. Statutes 202 note, The coif was originally an iron plate or scull-cap, worn by Knights under their Helmet. 1834J. R. Planché Brit. Costume 74 The cowl of mail being drawn over a steel cap called a coif-de-fer. 1874Boutell Arms & Arm. vii. 109 This hauberk..had a hood or coif; and over this hood, as a second defence for the head, the close-fitting iron helm was worn.
†5. A surgical cap for the head or other part.
1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 2/1 Mixe them very well the one with the other, and then ether of a kercher or of Taffataye make a Quoife, and insparge therin this poulder..Thou shalt wear this Quoife three or four times in a weeke, both night and day. 1767Gooch Treat. Wounds I. 312 A bandage with six tails, or a kind of coif with lappets affixed to it, may be found very Applicable in some cases.
†6. The amnion enveloping the fœtus. Obs.
1545T. Raynalde Byrth Mankynde 38 The mydwifes communelye call it the coyfe or byggyn of the chylde. 1611Cotgr. Agneliere, Th' inmost of the three membranes which enwrap a wombe-lodged infant; called by some Midwives, the Coyfe, or Biggin of the child.
7. ‘Applied to the calyptra of mosses.’ (Syd. Soc. Lex. 1882.)
8. attrib. and comb.
1598Hakluyt Voy. I. 497 (R.) Her cap made after the coife fashion. 1810Scott Lady of L. iii. xx, In rude, but glad procession, came Bonneted sire and coif-clad dame.
▪ II. coif, v.|kɔɪf|
Pa. tense and pple. coifed.
[orig. app. ad. OF. coifer, coiffer, f. coife, coiffe, a coif; but in later usage treated as a native formation from coif as an Eng. Word; cf. to cap, bonnet, etc.]
1. trans. To provide or cover with a coif; to invest with the sergeant's coif; to cover as with a coif.
1530Palsgr. 488/2, I coyfe, I put a coyfe upon ones heed. 1611Cotgr., Coiffer, to coyfe, weare a coyfe, put on a coyfe. 1658J. Harrington Prerog. Pop. Govt. ii. iii. (1700) 345 There be in these times that are coif'd with such Opinions, that to shew Scripture to be Reason, is to make it lose weight with them. 1714Arbuthnot etc. Martin Scribl. (T.), You, eloquent oyster-merchants of Billingsgate (just ready to be called to the bar, and coifed like your sister-serjeants). 1755Smollett Quix. (1803) I. 259 He would not suffer himself to be coifed [i.e. with a woman's coif], but covered his head with a quilted linen night-cap. 1758J. G. Cooper Call Aristippus iv. (R.), Whilst wanton boys..coife me, where I'm bald, with flow'rs. 1870Morris Earthly Par. II. iii. 466 What fair cloth may coif my head.
2. To dress, arrange, or make up (the hair). Cf. coiffure n., and paragraph below.
1862Merivale Rom. Emp. (1865) V. xli. 95 The hair was to be sedulously coifed.
Hence coifing ppl. a.
1867J. Ingelow Story Doom v. 231 Like the travelling sun, Setting, all clad in coifing clouds of gold.
¶ To express the ordinary sense of mod.F. coiffer to dress or arrange the hair or head, various modifications of that word are in use with coiffeurs and their clients, as to coiffe, to coiffé. So coiffed is sometimes used to reproduce F. coiffé, in reference to the coiffe of French countrywomen, etc.
1835Willis Pencillings II. lxii. 174 The soubrette who sells you a cigar is coiffed as for a ball. 1880Ouida Moths III. 19 Handsome women..coifféed to perfection. 1884E. Jenkins Week of Passion I. viii. 241 Her abundant dark hair was coiffed with a glittering spray of diamonds. 1888P. Fitzgerald Fatal Zero viii. 34 Washing, cleaning, coifféing these aristocrats. 1889Q. Rev. Oct. 300 Sometimes ‘the hair’ was coifféed in rolls.
▪ III. coif
obs. Sc. form of cove a hollow.
▪ IV. coif
erroneous form of quaich, cup. |