| 释义 |
▪ I. columbine, a. and n.1|ˈkɒlʌmbaɪn|
[ME., a. F. colombin, ad. L. columbīn-us pertaining to a dove or pigeon, dove-coloured, f. columba dove.]
A. adj.
1. Of, belonging to, or of the nature of, a dove or pigeon.
1656Blount Glossogr., Columbine..Dove-like, pertaining to a Dove or Pigeon. 1773Pennant Genera of Birds (1781) Pref. 15 The Columbine race make a most artless nest; a few sticks laid across suffice. 1835Selby in Penny Cycl. VII. 367/1 The deviation from the proper Columbine form.
2. transf. Dove-like; resembling the dove as a type of innocence or gentleness. (Freq. with ref. to Matt. x. 16.) ? Obs.
c1386Chaucer Merch T. 897 The turtle voys is herd, my dowue sweete..Com forth now with thyne eyen columbyn. c1430Lydg. Min. Poems (1840) 8 Vij maydens..Most columbyne of chere and of lokyng. 1539Taverner Gard. Wysed. ii. 8 b, To fense our selfes agaynst the wyly and craftye foxes with columbyne prudencie. c1640J. Smyth Lives Berkeleys (1883) II. 151 Whether with this serpentine prudence hee had columbine simplicity. 1651S. Lennard tr. Charron's Wisd. ii. x, Columbine innocency and simplicity.
3. Of the colour of a pigeon's neck, dove-coloured. ? Obs.
c1420Pallad. on Husb. i. 372 Stone tiburtyne or floody columbyne or spongy rede [cf. Isidore Orig. xix. x. §3 Lapides..Tiburtinus, columbinus, fluvialis, spongia, rubrus]. 1598Florio, Colombino, doue colour: columbine colour. 1601Holland Pliny I. 506 The Columbine marle, the Gauls call in their language..Pelias (Doue or Pigeon marle). 1635[J. Bate] Bk. Extravagants 204 Lake and azure make a violet or columbine colour. 1764Croker Dict. Arts & Sc., Columbine-colour, or dove-colour, among painters, denotes a kind of violet. 1817R. Jameson Char. Min. 81 Columbine or pigeon-neck tarnish.
B. quasi-n.
1. Short for columbine colour.
1606Peacham Graphice (1612) 95 Violets, Columbines and the like. 1763Dict. Arts & Sc. I. 671 From the same mixture of blue, crimson, and red, are formed the columbine, or dove-colour.
†2. For columbine vine (vitis columbina in Pliny).
1601Holland Pliny I. 410 Of all vines, the Columbines yeeld most gleaning.
†3. A dove-like person. Obs. (pronunc. coˈlumbine.)
1647J. Hall Poems 72 This innocent Columbine, he, That was the marke of rage before, O cannot now admired be, But still admired, still needs more.
†4. Some kind of bird.
1698Fryer E. Ind. & Persia in Phil. Trans. XX. 342 He describes a sort of Bird call'd a Columbine, making a Noise like a Bittern.
▪ II. columbine, n.2|ˈkɒlʌmbaɪn|
Forms: 4–6 columbyn(e, 5 colombyne, ? colybyn, 6–7 collom-, collumbine, -byne, cullom-, cullam-, cullumbine, -byne, 7 colombine, 4– columbine.
[a. F. colombine, in med.L. columbīna (? sc. herba) = dove's plant: see prec.]
1. The English name for plants of the genus Aquilegia, esp. the long-cultivated A. vulgaris, or common columbine, the inverted flower of which has some resemblance to five pigeons clustered together.
(The horned nectaries suggested to an earlier age allusions to cuckoldry: cf. quots. 1602–5.)
a1310in Wright Lyric P. v. (Percy Soc.) 26 The prime-role he passeth, the parvenke of pris..Coynte ase columbine, such hire cunde ys. a1400Pistel of Susan 111 Columbyne and Charuwe. c1450Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 42. 1494 Fabyan vii. 587 The seconde course Gely coloured with columbyne floures. 1530Palsgr. 207/1 Columbyne floure, cocquelourde. 1579Spenser Sheph. Cal. Apr. 136 Bring hether the Pincke and purple Cullambine. 1602Shakes. Ham. iv. v. 180 There's Fennell for you, and Columbines: ther's Rew for you, and heere's some for me. 1605Chapman All Fools, What's that? a columbine? No: that thankless flower grows not in my garden. 1856Bryant To Fringed Gentian ii, Columbines, in purple dressed, Nod o'er the ground-bird's hidden nest. a1861Mrs. Browning Lost Bower xxiv. The large-leaved columbine.
†2. A name for Verbena officinalis. Obs.
[c1000Sax. Leechd. I. 170 Berbena..ys culfron swiðe hiwcuð, þanan hy eac sum þeodscipe columbinam hateð.] c1450Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 142. 1597 Gerard Herbal 581 Veruain is called..of some Pigeons grasse, or Columbine, bicause Pigeons are delighted to be amongst it.
†3. feathered columbine: ‘a frequent book-name for Thalictrum aquilegifolium, an old-fashioned garden plant, which Parkinson calls Tufted Colombine’ (Britten and Holland). Obs.
1629Parkinson Paradisus 274 Thalictrum Hispanicum album, White Spanish tufted Colombines. Thalictrum Montanum purpureum, Purple tufted Colombines.
†4. An ornament in the form of the flower. Obs.
[1436E.E. Wills (1882) 106 A stondynge cuppe gilt, shapp of a columbyn.] 1459Inv. Sir J. Fastolf in Paston Lett. I. 473 Item, j. gobelet, gilt, with j. columbyne in the bottom. 1491Will of Bufford (Somerset Ho.), A colombyne of siluer. 1554Bury Wills (1850) 145 Oon flat silver pece wt a collumbyne in the bottome.
5. attrib. and comb.
1657W. Coles Adam in Eden ii. 4 Columbine leafed Pyony. 1747Wesley Prim. Physic (1762) 83 A Teaspoonful of Columbine seeds. |