| 释义 |
▪ I. commotion|kəˈməʊʃən|
Forms: 5–6 com(m)ocion, -cyon, 6– commotion.
[a. OF. com(m)ocion (12th c. in Littré), ad. L. commōtiōn-em, n. of action f. commovēre; see commove.]
†1. lit. Continuous or recurring motion; movement hither and thither, up and down, or the like. Obs. exc. as in 2.
1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 291 The cause of this great commocyon or mouynge of theyr bodyes. 1549Compl. Scot. xiii. (1872) 111 Agitatione and commotione of his army vp and doun. 1607Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1673) 242 In the commotion of his horse, he [the rider] may not touch any member or part of him, but only his back. 1650Bulwer Anthropomet 188 Commotion of the Arms.
2. Physical disturbance, more or less violent; tumultuous agitation of the parts or particles of any thing; of the sea: turbulence, tossing.
1592tr. Junius On Rev. vi. 15 There is no man that shall not be astonished at that generall commotion. 1634Peacham Gentl. Exerc. 124 The Ocean..by reason of his often commotion and raging. 1667Milton P.L. iv. 992 Nor onely Paradise In this commotion, but the Starrie Cope..or all the Elements At least had gon to rack. 1741–3Wesley Jrnl. (1749) 13 In a moment the commotion ceased, the heat was over. 1794Southey Botany Bay Eclog. 111, I..was soon sick and sad with the billows' commotion. 1823J. Badcock Dom. Amusem. 31 Drop good vinegar..upon flour contaminated with other admixtures, and immediate commotion takes place.
b. (with a and pl.)
1794Sullivan View Nat. II. 173 The earth has undergone commotions abstracted from a deluge. 1860Tyndall Glac. i. ii. 12 The upper air exhibited a commotion which we did not experience.
3. Bustle, stir, confusion, hurly-burly; often in phr. in commotion. (Also with a and pl.)
1616Bullokar, Commotion, a great stir, a hurly burly. 1752Johnson Rambler No. 202 ⁋4 That perpetual contest for wealth which keeps the world in commotion. 1868Queen Victoria Life Highl. 61 When I went on deck there was a great commotion, such running and calling, and pulling of ropes.
4. Public disturbance or disorder; tumult, sedition, insurrection. (The earliest sense recorded.)
1471in Camden Misc. (1847) I. 17 To have [made] commocion ayeinst the king. 1593Shakes. 2 Hen. VI, iii. i. 358, I haue seduc'd a head-strong Kentishman Iohn Cade of Ashford, To make Commotion. 1613R. C. Table Alph. (ed. 3), Commotion, rebellion, trouble, or disquietnesse. 1655Fuller Ch. Hist. iv. ii. §14 The open commotion of your people.
b. (with a and pl.) A disturbance, agitation; a tumult, rising, insurrection.
1540Act 32 Hen. VIII, c. 26 Commocions or sedicions among themselfes. 1542Contn. Fabyan's Chron. vii. 700 In October folowyng beganne a folishe comocion in Lincolnshire. 1651Hobbes Leviath. ii. xxx. 183 The punishment of the Leaders, and teachers in a Commotion. 1749Smollett Regicide i. i, Each popular commotion he improv'd By secret ministers. 1876J. H. Newman Hist. Sk. I. iii. ii. 314 He became once more engaged in the political commotions of the day.
†5. Mental perturbation; agitation, excitement.
1581Marbeck Bk. of Notes 50 A certeine commotion also which we doe call anger. 1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. ii. iii. 185 Kingdom'd Achilles in commotion rages. 1711Shaftesbury Charact. (1737) II. ii. ii. 144 What is justly stil'd Passion or Commotion. 1768Sterne Sent. Journ. (1775) II. 105 Trusting the issue of his commotions to reason only.
6. attrib.
a1555Latimer Serm. & Rem. (1845) 389 The misbehaviour of a certain priest in the commotion time [i.e. the Pilgrimage of Grace].
▪ II. † coˈmmotion, v. Obs. rare—1.
[f. prec. n.]
intr. To cause commotion.
1599Nashe Lenten Stuffe (1871) 63 In the boiling or seething it in his maw, he felt it commotion a little and upbraid him. |