| 释义 |
compatibility|kəmˌpætɪˈbɪlɪtɪ|
[a. F. compatibilité: see next and -ity.]
1. The quality of being compatible; mutual tolerance, consistency, congruity.
1611Cotgr., Compatibilité, compatibilitie; a concurrencie, accord, agreement together. a1677Barrow Wks. (1686) II. 134 The compatibility and concurrence of such properties in one thing. 1737Gentl. Mag. VII. 336 You try the infinite perfections by their compatibility with your ideas! 1848Carpenter Anim. Phys. 11 Examples of the compatibility of even the heat of boiling water with the preservation of animal life.
2. Specific scientific and technical uses.
a. Chem. The capacity of substances to tolerate each other without chemical reaction or undesirable effect, esp. such capacity in drugs.
1898E. W. Lucas Pract. Pharmacy xl. 278 Having..carefully considered the ingredients, their compatibility, dose, &c., the labels should next be written. 1929Hackh Chem. Dict. 195/1 Compatibility, the property of two or more drugs not to impair their respective action when administered together. 1939H. Bennett Stand. Chem. & Techn. Dict. 159/2 Compatibility, ability to mix together without separation or reaction. 1957Financial Times Ann. Rev. Brit. Industry 17/3 Graphite moderated reactors using liquid sodium as a coolant..have severe compatibility problems. 1967Amer. Jrnl. Hospital Pharm. XXIV. 434/1 We are continually being asked by hospital pharmacists and physicians for compatibility data encompassing a wide variety of parenteral medications.
b. Biol. The capacity of blood, tissue, or an organ to be introduced into the body of a (specified) individual without exciting a destructive reaction. Also attrib.
1918Jrnl. Immunol. III. 93 Before the operation of blood transfusion is carried out it is necessary to test the compatibility of the prospective donor's blood with that of the patient. 1928K. Landsteiner in Jordan & Falk Bacteriol. & Immunol. lxviii. 906 With proper preliminary compatibility tests..transfusions are almost free of danger. 1948Jrnl. Genetics XLIX. 87 Compatibility or incompatibility in transplants. 1961P. L. Mollison Blood Transfusion Clin. Med. (ed. 3) xii. 418 The term ‘compatibility test’ usually refers to an investigation of the patient's serum for the presence of antibodies which react with the donor's red cells in vitro. 1968R. Ceppellini in Rapaport & Dausset Human Transplantation iii. 26 In man..compatibility in the strict sense of the word, i.e., the indefinite survival of the graft without rejection crises, has not yet been observed, with the exception of isogeneic grafts exchanged between monozygotic twins.
c. Bot. Capacity for cross-fertilization; of a scion, the ability to unite with a stock.
1916Mem. N.Y. Bot. Gard. VI. 410 It should not be assumed..that seed-setting in and between different plants indicates an identical grade of compatibility. 1935Biol. Abstr. 5627 Vigorous rootstocks show various degrees of compatibility for pear scions. 1968Heredity XXIII. 124 The relative levels of compatibility of Brussels sprout, cabbage..and sprouting broccoli were assessed.
d. Television. The capacity of colour signals to be received in black-and-white on monochrome receivers. Also attrib.
1947Proc. Inst. Radio Engin. XXXV. 861/2 Without regard to compatibility, visual observations alone indicate that the properties of flicker and resolution of images containing red and green components are sufficiently similar to [those of] monochrome images. 1950in Amer. Speech (1951) XXVI. 209/1 They doubted the compatibility prospects of the system. 1954Zworykin & Morton Television (ed. 2) xvii. 773 The lack of compatibility and the decreased definition are the two most serious weaknesses of the field-sequential system. 1957BBC Handbook 136 These transmissions [of colour television]..were put out in the London area... Their purpose was to explore under practical reception conditions the degree of compatibility of the system being used.
e. Sound reproduction. The capacity of a stereophonic broadcast, record, etc., to be received or played on a monophonic receiver, record-player, etc. Also attrib.
1959Audio Engin. May 17/2 One solution to the two-channel problem is gained through the use of a compatibility circuit. Ibid. 18/2 A time delayed replica of the direct signal is added to the alternate channels in order to achieve compatibility. 1963D. L. A. Smith Princ. High-Fidelity Sound Engin. v. 82 To meet the compatibility requirement, one transmitted channel is invariably modulated by the signal ½ (L + R).
▸ Computing. The capacity of hardware, software, a data format, etc., to be used with a specified piece of equipment or software, esp. without adaptation or modification.
1960Communications Assoc. Computing Machinery June 381 Nearly every manufacturer is claiming compatibility with all other equipment via such software as Cobol. 1985Which Computer? Dec. 15/4 The company's range of machines already has micro-to-mainframe links and IBM compatibility. 1995Online Access Sept. 64/2 MicroPhone's TCP/IP compatibility allows a single computer to access the Internet via telnet, ftp and gopher. 2005Future Musician Winter 109/1 The only real problem with not playing the upgrade game is that you could run into compatibility problems somewhere down the line. |