| 释义 |
▪ I. slush, n.1|slʌʃ|
Also 8–9 dial. sluss.
[Of doubtful origin: cf. sludge and slutch (both from the 17th cent.) and the more recent slosh.
The late appearance of the word makes it doubtful whether there is any connexion with such forms as older Da. slus sleet, mud, or Norw. slusk slops, sloppy ground or weather.]
1. a. The watery substance resulting from the partial melting of snow or ice.
1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 76 This speedy thowe caused a wonderfull slush. 1806Beresford Miseries Hum. Life ii. v, The ice proving treacherous and bedding you in slush to the hip. 1862Macm. Mag. Apr. 456 Whenever there was a temporary thaw, this mass of ice and snow became a pond of slush. 1876Davis Polaris Exp. v. 118 A great deal of snow fell during the day, forming slush upon the surface of the water.
b. Liquid mud or mire.
1772Hartford Merc. Suppl. 18 Sept. 2/2 The new inclosures, which formerly were almost covered with water and slush. 1791Gentl. Mag. LXI. i. 126 There is another term also in use..in that county [Norfolk], namely, sluss or slush, to express the mire of the highway in its most liquid state. 1815W. H. Ireland Scribbleomania 13, I mean dirty puddle,..slush from the ditch that's in rear of the mountain. 1860Wynter Curios. Civiliz. III. 106 The wart hog,..which wallows up to its eyes in slush and mire. 1878Browning Poets Croisic 12 They reared.., mid the slush and ooze Of yon low islet.., a temple.
fig.1853W. Jerdan Autobiog. III. xviii. 282 His literary career was..through the usual mud and slush of its miry obstacles. 1875Tennyson Q. Mary ii. ii, Your rights and charters hobnail'd into slush.
2. a. Naut. The refuse fat or grease obtained from meat boiled on board ship.
1756Gentl. Mag. XXVI. 419 He..used much slush (the rancid fat of pork) among his victuals. 1757W. Thompson R.N. Adv. 21 Tars whose Stomachs are not very squeamish, and who can bear to paddle their Fingers in stinking Slush. 1812J. Henry Camp. agst. Quebec 143 A great quantity of liquid fat which the men called slush. 1856Kane Arctic Expl. I. xxviii. 364 With a copper lamp, a cooking-basin, and a liberal supply of slush for fuel.
fig.1833Carlyle Cagliostro in Misc. Ess. (1888) V. 78 Wheresoever..a slush of so-called vicious enjoyment [is] to be swallowed. 1898Chr. Herald (N.Y.) 23 Feb. 144/4 That the people of this country demand moral slush instead of healthy and intellectual food.
b. Food, esp. of a watery consistency. slang.
[1898: see sense 2 a fig.] 1941J. Smiley Hash House Lingo 51 Slush, hash. 1955J. Thomas No Banners ix. 79 It was years since he had tasted anything but jail slush. 1962W. Granville Dict. Sailors' Slang 108/2 Slush, any ‘sloppy’ food: e.g., soup or stew.
3. a. (See quot. and cf. slutch n. 2.)
1843Holtzapffel Turning I. 191 The top is covered..with the waste or slush from the grindstone trough.
b. A mixture of grease and other materials used for lubricating.
1847in Webster.
c. A mixture of white lead and lime, used for painting parts of machinery to preserve them from oxidation.
1864in Webster.
4. a. Rubbishy discourse or literature. Also gen., nonsense, drivel; sentimental rubbish. Also as int.
1869‘Mark Twain’ Innoc. Abr. x. 91 He'll..grind out about four reams of the awfullest slush. 1896Daily News 23 Jan. 6/1 Two stout volumes of what the American editor would have called ‘delirious slush’. 1906Dialect Notes III. 156 O, slush! What nonsense. 1919C. E. van Loan Score by Innings 332 A woman reporter..took one look at Conley..and tore off a whole page of slush. 1937Partridge Dict. Slang 786/1 As = sickly sentiment, slush is familiar S.E. 1944[see blush-making adj. s.v. blush n. C.]. 1949[see kitsch]. 1953F. Scott Fitzgerald Tender is Night i. ix. 51, I mean, would I have been the sort of girl you might have—oh, slush, you know what I mean. 1961Observer 26 Nov. 27/4 The ending is purest slush, and there are some cheap dramatics in the camera work. 1970R. K. Kent Lang. Journalism 124 Slush,..cheaply sentimental copy; trash; drivel.
b. Counterfeit paper money. slang.
1924E. Wallace Room 13 i. 11 Young Legge's..the biggest printer of slush in the world! And it's not ord'nary slush. Experts..can't tell 'em from real Bank of England stuff. 1933D. Hume Crime Unlimited vii. 64 We've been handling slush lately—ten bobs and quids. Where they were printed doesn't matter to you.
5. dial.
a. A slovenly or dirty person; a slut.
1825Brockett N.C. Gloss., Slush, a reproachful term for a dirty person. 1836Wilson's Tales Borders II. 163 Dinna speak o' the slush to me..; for he's a speeritless hash.
b. A drudge.
1825in Jamieson Suppl. c1861–in Eng. Dial. Dict. 1883M. E. Braddon Gold. Calf xxi. 235 He told her she was cook, slush, and bottle-washer.
6. attrib., as (sense 1) slush-ice; (sense 2) slush-bucket (also transf.), slush-lamp, slush-light, slush-tub; (sense 4) slush melodrama, slush novel; slush casting, a method of making hollow castings in which molten metal is poured into a mould and then poured out again after a layer of metal has solidified on the inner surface of the mould; a casting produced by this method; also slush-cast v.; slush-money orig. U.S., money paid out from a slush fund b; slush moulding, a process identical to the slush casting of metal but carried out with plastic or latex; so slush mould, a mould for use in slush moulding; slush-moulded ppl. a.; slush oil U.S., crude oil found in association with certain shales or sandstones (? obs.); slush pit (see quots.); slush pump, (a) a pump used to circulate mud through a rotary drilling column; (b) U.S. slang, a trombone.
1785Grose Dict. Vulgar T., *Slush bucket, a foul feeder, one that eats much greasy food. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 634 Slush-Bucket, a bucket kept in the tops, to grease the masts, sheets, &c.
1934Webster, *Slush-cast, v.t. & i. 1965E. Tunis Colonial Craftsmen iv. 75/2 Feet and knobs were cast solid, but spouts and handles were slush cast, a system used also for such things as sand shakers and nursing bottles whose inner surfaces wouldn't be visible.
1930M. Stern Die-Casting Pract. i. 16 The thickness of a *slush casting depends upon the length of time that the metal is left in the mold. 1934Charnock & Partington Mech. Technol. (ed. 2) xxxv. 485 Slush casting is a method of producing light hollow castings without the use of cores. 1936H. L. Campbell Metal Castings iii. 53 Slush castings are produced by pouring the low-melting alloys of lead, antimony, and zinc into metal molds and, after a short interval, slushing out the metal which remains in a liquid state. 1963Jones & Schubert Engin. Encycl. (ed. 3) 1161 The process known as slush-casting is employed extensively in the production of ornamental objects made of spelter or zinc.
1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 634 *Slush-Ice, the first layer which forms when the surface is freezing.
1871C. L. Money Knocking about N.Z. vi. 77 An old volume of ‘Household Words’ to spell over at my little fire in the evenings by the light of my *slush-lamp. 1883Keighley Who are You? 45 The slush-lamp shone with a smoky light. 1893J. A. Barry Steve Brown's Bunyip 41 A tin which he had just taken from over the big slush lamp.
1887S. Samuels Forecastle to Cabin vi. 76 This thump, we found out afterwards, was caused by a handspike; the jar from it put the *slush light out. 1972People (Austral.) 13 Feb. 12/2 They..lit their earth-floored bunkhouses at night with slushlights made from treacle-tins filled with fat.
1916‘B. M. Bower’ Phantom Herd vii. 112 You want those stories worked up in a lot of darned, sickly *slush melodramas.
1842J. F. Cooper Wing-and-Wing ii. 20 They were only put there yesterday..a little *slush-money did it all. 1976National Observer (U.S.) 24 Jan. 3/3 There have been a series of well-founded reports..that the multinational corporations have been shoveling slush money into Christian Democrat coffers.
1957V. J. Kehoe Technique Film & Television Make-up xii. 148 It [sc. dental stone] has low absorption qualities so is not suitable for *slush molds. 1965E. Tunis Colonial Craftsmen iv. 75/2 The slush mold's two halves shaped only the outside of the article. The caster poured hot metal into it, sluiced it around carefully, and then poured it out again.
1954N. J. Rakas Plastics Engin. Handbk. x. 314 The physical qualities of *slush-molded plastisol are such that it is possible to do exceptionally accurate work.
1943Simonds & Ellis Handbk. Plastics 971 *Slush molding, a process for molding hollow castings with accelerated thermoplastic phenolic resins. 1957V. J. Kehoe Technique Film & Television Make-up xii. 154 Slush molding requires the use of a fillered latex as the unfillered variety will not build-up on itself in a plaster mold. 1963H. R. Clauser Encycl. Engin. Materials & Processes 491/2 Vinyl foam products such as armrests..are manufactured by first forming a tough vinyl skin by spraying, slush molding or rotational molding. The interior then is formed by casting..a vinyl plastisol foam within the pregelled skin.
1977Listener 3 Mar. 284/4 Communications—meaning journalism, detective fiction, *slush novels, and film-making.
1880J. F. Carll Geol. Oil Regions of Warren [etc.] Counties 254 The measures above the Warren and Bradford ‘Third sands’ have produced considerable ‘shale or *slush oil’, which may perhaps be attributed to a fissured condition of these rocks. 1884U.S. Tenth Census X. 13 The first well sunk to the Bradford sands was drilled..2 miles northeast of Bradford. ‘Slush oil’ was found at a depth of 751 feet, and in November, 1871, producing sand was struck at 1,110 feet.
1931Sun (Baltimore) 29 Apr. 1/4 Four lay in the *slush pit, an earthen depression intended to catch drilling refuse. 1975L. Crook Oil Terms 105 Slush pit, pit used for storing drilling mud.
1913Oil & Gas Man's Mag. VIII. 822/2 Two *slush pumps are usually installed with each drilling outfit—one pump to operate and the other one to act as a relay. 1921, etc. [see mud-laden fluid s.v. mud n.1 5]. 1937Amer. Speech XII. 48/2 Slushpump, a trombone. 1938[see gob-stick s.v. gob n.2 b]. 1943N.Y. Times 9 May ii. 5/4 That man with the Slush Pump was a fine sender. 1949Our Industry (Anglo-Iranian Oil Co. Ltd.) (ed. 2) ii. 37 The circuit of this mud-laden fluid..commences at the slush pumps. 1962J. Wain Strike Father Dead 141, I could see at once why he preferred the valve trombone to the ordinary slush-pump. 1974BP Shield Internat. Oct. 19/3 There's always a lot of work we can do in the sheltered places—like maintaining the slush-pump. 1977J. Wainwright Do Nothin' till you hear from Me x. 176 Get Walt to help on the slushpump try-outs. Walt stays first trombone.
1836E. Howard R. Reefer xl, D–n you, and your *slush-tub too! 1858Simmonds, Slush-tub, a vessel for holding grease.
▸ slush pile n. orig. U.S. (a) a mass or pile of slush; also fig.; (b) Publishing the unsolicited manuscripts submitted for consideration at a publishing house, magazine, etc., considered collectively.
1907Washington Post 17 Jan. 13/2 They discovered the ‘*slush’ pile to be wet. 1952Berkshire (Mass.) Evening Eagle 9 Feb. 13/5 When ‘Suds’ went into the slush pile at Houghton Mifflin they wouldn't believe it was a first novel. 1972Rev. Educ. Res. 42 300 Hard knowledge springs out of a slush pile of data and interpretations. 2004Times Lit. Suppl. 20 Aug. 14/4 Golding was forty-three, it was his first novel, and it was rescued from the maligned ‘slush pile’.
▪ II. slush, n.2|slʌʃ|
[Imitative, or f. slush v.]
1. A heavy splashing sound. Also slush-slush.
[1848Life in Normandy (1863) I. 111 Slush, slush, went the two wheels into two holes.] 1880Blackmore Mary Anerley I. xviii. 311 The hollow of the rocks received the first billow with a thump and a slush. 1900H. Sutcliffe Shameless Wayne xxvii, The faint slush-slush of horse-hoofs striking sodden earth.
2. A copious wash; a sluicing.
1902Alice Terton Lights & Shad. Hospital viii. 118 A stable bucket I could give myself a good slush in.
▪ III. slush, v.|slʌʃ|
[Partly f. slush n.1 and partly imitative; the senses belonging to the two sources are not clearly separable.
An early use of the word is given by Thoresby (1703), ‘To slush through work, to do much, but slimly, carelessly’.]
I. trans.
1. To splash or soak with slush or mud.
1807Sir R. Wilson Priv. Diary (1862) II. viii. 262 We were quite slushed in the mire. 1819‘R. Rabelais the Younger’ Abeillard & H. 122 Feeling his garments and himself slush'd. 1873Dixon Two Queens I. vi. viii. 355 All slushed and soiled with the November rain.
2. a. Naut. To grease (a mast) with slush. Also with down.
1823J. F. Cooper Pioneers xv, I larnt how a topmast should be slushed. 1840R. H. Dana Bef. Mast ii, The officer..ordered me to slush the mainmast. 1910Blackw. Mag. Aug. 170/1 He ordered him aloft with a bucket of grease to ‘slush down’ the mast.
b. To paint (machinery) with a mixture of white lead and lime.
1864in Webster.
c. To fill up or cover by dashing on mortar and cement.
1875Knight Dict. Mech. 2219 Slushed-up, the joints and intervals between the bricks and courses filled with mortar. 1902R. Sturgis Dict. Archit. & Building s.v., Slushed work permits bricks to be laid dry..in the interior of a wall, and makes inferior work.
3. a. To wash with a copious supply, or with dashing on, of water; to sluice.
1854A. E. Baker Northampt. Gloss., Slush, to wash with much water without rubbing. ‘Slush it in the river.’ 1865Dickens Mut. Fr. ii. xvi, So he were there skilfully rubbed down and slushed and sluiced, and polished and clothed.
b. To dash (water) over one.
1889‘Q.’ (Quiller Couch) Splendid Spur 213 Stand thee so, an' slush the water over me.
II. intr.
4. Of pigs: To eat greedily and noisily.
1833M. Scott Tom Cringle xii. (1859) 289 Like so many pigs slushing at the same trough.
5. To go or walk through mud, etc., with a dull splashing sound. Also with cognate object, and fig.
1853Mossman & Banister Australia visited & Revisited iv. 45 The dirty work, mud, and slushing in water..are so contrary to the habits of the many, that few can stand the training. 1855[Robinson] Whitby Gloss., To Slush on, to proceed or persevere in one's course of life, as the saying is, ‘through thick and thin’. 1888F. Cowper Caedwalla 214 The raft..slushed its way through the water. 1904Field 6 Feb. 223/2 As for horses, they slushed in and slushed out of the wet compound.
6. To descend or degenerate into something.
1882Good Words 99 Conversation which..by and by slushed into unexpected and not very profitable discussion about legitimate and illegitimate children.
7. To rush (down) with a splashing sound.
1883Stevenson Lett. (1901) I. 272 The filthy gutter slushes. 1889Tennyson Owd Roä xxi, The snaw slushin' down fro' the bank to the beck.
8. To dash at something in heavy splashes.
1900Strain Elmslie's Drag-net 227 Slushed at by the waves, buffeted by the wind, she battled her way across the road. |