| 释义 |
▪ I. smithy, n.|ˈsmɪðɪ|
Forms: α. 4 smiþi, 5 smyþi; 5 smythie, 5–6 -y, 6 -ye, smithee, 6–7 smithie, 7– smithy; 4 smeþi, smethi, smeþey, 5–7 smethey, 5–6 smethy, 7 smethie. β. Sc. and north. dial. 6–7 smydy, 8 smidy; 5–6 smyddy, 6–9 smiddie, 6– smiddy; 5 smede, smedye, 6 smedie, 5–7 smedy, 6 smeddy.
[ad. ON. smiðja (Icel. smiðja, Norw. smidja; MSw. smidhia, smidia, Sw. smedja, Da. smedie), = OE. smiððe: see smithe n.]
1. The workshop of a smith; a blacksmith's shop; = forge n. 2. Also occas., a portable forge.
αc1300Cursor M. 23238 (Edin.), Als it war dintes of a stiþi Þat smiþis smitis in þair smiþi [Cott. smeþey, Gött. smethi]. c1440Promp. Parv. 461/1 Smythy, fabricia. 1496Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 289 Item, for bering of xxx waw of irn fra the marchant buthis to Thom Barkaris smythy, xlv d. 1546Yorks. Chantry Surv. (Surtees) 247 One cotage or smythye and a garthyne. 1562Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees, 1835) 207 The Smethey. One paire of bellowes [etc.]. 1601Holland Pliny II. 512 In the smithies where brasse is made and wrought. 1700Dryden Ovid's Met. xii. 390 His blazing Locks..hiss'd, like red hot Iron within the Smithy drown'd. 1771Smollett Humph. Cl. 10 July, Finding the tools of the defunct, together with some coals, in the smithy. 1849Macaulay Hist. Eng. ix. II. 486 It proved to be a moveable smithy, furnished with all tools and materials necessary for repairing arms and carriages. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 229 Not when I pass a smithy; for then the iron bars make a tremendous noise.
fig.1865Sat. Rev. 12 Aug. 204/1 The extent to which rivals in Paris, Liege, or Elberfield, were likely to supplant the great British smithy [Birmingham]. 1866Kingsley Herew. vii, They hammered at each other in the devil's smithy.
βc1425Wyntoun Cron. i. v. 228 Quhar men war wirkand at a smedye [v.r. smyddy]. 1497Acc. Ld. High Treas. Scot. I. 328 For tua laid of colis, in Melros, to the smyddy. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxxiii. 56 For smowking of the smydy. 1580Reg. Privy Council Scot. III. 320 Item, in the smiddie, ane irne studie [etc.]. 1665R. Brathwait Comment. Two Tales 50 Those antient Verses..That Scholar well deserves a Widdie, Who makes his Study of a Smiddie. 1786Burns Twa Dogs 19 At Kirk or Market, Mill or Smiddie. 1826J. Wilson Noct. Ambr. Wks. 1855 I. 122 Like..a vice in a smiddy. 1899Crockett Kit Kennedy 243 Kit had trysted with the orra-man to meet him at the smiddy.
†b. = bloomery1. Obs. rare—1.
1565in West Antiq. Furness (1774) App. ix, The queen's majestie's woods..are like to fall into great decay..by reason of certain iron smithies there lately erected and demised.
2. Smithcraft; smith-work. rare.
1804W. Taylor in Crit. Rev. III. 541 Important inventions; as that of clothing, of fire, of smithy, of foundery. 1855J. R. Leifchild Cornwall 178 Details of the Expenses,..Smithy, Carpentry, and Sawing, {pstlg}1,701 19 0.
3. attrib., as smithy ashes, smithy bellows, smithy cur, smithy dust, smithy-fire, smithy vice, smithy work, etc.
1469–70Durh. MS. Rolls (Surtees) 642 Le Smethyhouse infra Abbathiam. 1495Naval Accs. Hen. VII (1896) 158 Smythy Bellowes. ij payer. 1523Skelton Garl. Laurel 762 Lyke a smythy kur. 1556Knaresborough Wills (Surtees) I. 73 My smithie geare. 1611Cotgr., Escume de Mareschal, the refuse, or drosse of yron; smithie dust. 1669Records Baron Crt. Stitchill (S.H.S.) 54 For smydy werke, one pund eight shillings. 1677Churchw. Acc. Pittington, etc. (Surtees) 241 Item for smiddy ashes, 1s. a1837Nicoll Poems, The Smith i, His grip was like a smiddy vice. 1837Carlyle Fr. Rev. iii. v. vi, Smithy-fires..for the manufacture of arms.
4. Special combs.: smithy-coals, a kind of small coal used by smiths; smithy-coom (see quot. 1855); † smithy-craft, smith-craft, smith-work; smithy-dander, a forge cinder; smithy lime, a limestone layer of Aldstone Moor in Cumbria; † smithy-man, an iron-smith; † smithy-miln, a smithy in which the work is partly performed by water power; smithy-slack, slag, the shale or iron dust of a forge; † smithy-water, the water in which a smith cools his heated irons.
1482in Charters, etc. Edinb. (1871) 169 Of ilk chaldir of *smethy colis vi d. 1789J. Williams Min. Kingd. I. 157 The smithy coal of Balmule and Rosebank.
1611Churchw. Acc. Pittington, etc. (Surtees) 161 Paide for beringe sand and *smethie come to the same lyme, xij d. 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss., Smithycome or Smitticome, the smith's iron dust or sweepings mixed with hot pitch as an impervious composition for the tops of wooden sheds.
1513Douglas æneid viii. vii. 107 The mychty God of fyr..to his *smyddy craft and forge hym spedis.
1828Scott F.M. Perth iii, You cannot suppose that Harry Gow cares the value of a *smithy-dander for such a cub as yonder cat-a-mountain?
1833–4J. Phillips Geol. in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) VI. 585/2 *Smiddy lime.
a1400Isumbras 410 A *smethymane thus was he thore..And blewe thaire belyes bloo. 1533–4Durh. Househ. Bk. (Surtees) 329 Cristofero Willey, le smedyman.
1523Fitzherb. Surv. 9 b, Cutlersmylnes, *smethymylnes & all suche other.
1831Holland Manuf. Metal I. 194 This larger mass being generally..imbedded in *smithy-slack.
1837J. T. Smith tr. Vicat's Mortars 1 Another looked upon *smithy slag and iron-dross as the finest ingredients.
c1530Ld. Berners Arth. Lyt. Bryt. (1814) 43 [The water] was blacker than *smythy water.
Add:[1.] c. [Said to have arisen through a misreading of Longfellow's line (quot. 1839 below).] A blacksmith. U.S.
[1839Longfellow Poems (1848) 73 Under a spreading chestnut tree The village smithy stands.] 1847Graham's Mag. Apr. 262/1 Was he some Smithy, grim and old, Whose anvil iron changed to gold. 1900Everybody's Mag. Jan. 36/2 The smithy and his mate opened their ‘establishment’ within a few hours of their arrival, and did a ‘roaring trade’. 1940Miami Herald in Amer. Speech (1941) XVI. 152/2 Miami Smithy: Olin M. Berry doesn't stand under a spreading chestnut tree, as did Longfellow's village blacksmith, but he is an old hand at the rapidly disappearing trade of horse-shoeing. 1982N.Y. Times 21 Nov. xi. 12/5 The main concern of a smithy is to make sure that his shoeing keeps a horse healthy.
▪ II. smithy, v.|ˈsmɪðɪ|
Also 3 smiðien, 5 smyþ-, smyth-.
[f. smithy n. With the early examples cf. smith v.]
1. a. trans. To make or fashion by smithing; to forge or smith. Also fig.
c1205Lay. 30749 Þe smið gon to smiðeȝe ane pic swiðe long. c1386Chaucer Miller's T. 576 (Lansd.), A smyþe..þat in his forge smyþeieþ plouhe hernays.
1839Bywater Sheffield Dial. 33, 1st. He moods t' blade... 3rd. Then he smithies it. 1892Brooke E.E. Lit. II. 27 A famous coat of mail that Weland the great forgeman had smithied. 1910J. Masefield Ballads & Poems 66 Until this case, this clogging mould, Be smithied all to kingly gold. 1929A. Clarke Pilgrimage 19 Smithied in gloom the low day Had glowed upon the axle.
b. To weld together by forging.
1868G. Stephens Runic Mon. I. 185 In others only every other ring is riveted, the alternate ones being smithied together.
2. intr. To practise smithing.
1733L. Theobald in Works of Shakespeare VII. 96 To smithy, is, to perform the Work and Office of a Smith. 1866G. W. Dasent Gisli 11 Gisli sat in the hall and smithied.
Hence ˈsmithied ppl. a., ˈsmithying vbl. n.
c1449Pecock Repr. ii. xviii. 256 An hamer forto make a knyf in smythiyng. 1868G. Stephens Runic Mon. I. 185 Each clincht ring grasps four smithied and..each smithied grasps four riveted. 1886P. Robinson Teetotum Trees 142 To do a bit of smithying up at the forge. 1934E. Blunden Challenge to Death 336 History's smithying should not disappear Without reverberation. |