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▪ I. consecrate, ppl. a.|ˈkɒnsɪkreɪt|
Also 4–5 consecrat.
[ad. L. consecrāt-us, pa. pple. of L. consecrāre: see next.]
1. = consecrated.
a. as pa. pple.
c1386Chaucer Monk's T. 27 Loo Sampson, which..was to god almyghty consecrat. 1430Lydg. Chron. Troy i. vi, A ryche image..That..To myghty Ioue..Yhalowed was, and also consecrat. 1551Robinson tr. More's Utop. ii. (Arb.) 151 Which..was dedicate and consecrate to god. 1667Decay Chr. Piety xx. §3. 372 He is a Nazarite, a person consecrate to God. 1791Cowper Iliad iv. 484 Led to the city consecrate to Mars. 1877Sparrow Serm. xi. 145 What should be consecrate only to the holiest purposes.
b. as adj.
1423Jas. I Kingis Q. xxxiii, The ympnis consecrat Of luvis use. 1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 228/1 Nazarien..that is as moche to say as consecrate or clene. 1583Stanyhurst æneis iii. (Arb.) 72 Of gould thow consecrat hungar. 1663J. Spencer Prodigies (1665) 247 Other consecrate places. 1866Kingsley Herew. I. i. 28 The fountain was..perhaps in heathen times divine and consecrate.
2. In reference to the Eucharist: see consecrate v. 2.
a. as pa. pple.
1509Barclay Shyp of Folys (1570) 85 When our Lorde is consecrate in fourme of bread. 1709Strype Ann. Ref. I. xxii. 263 That the catholic church..taught them to receive Christ's body consecrate at mass with prayers.
b. as adj.
1588A. King tr. Canisius' Catech. 85 Vnder y⊇ least part of euerie consecrat hostie, Christ is all haill giuen and receauit. 1640Canterb. Self-Convic. 110 The consecrat elements are injoined to bee eaten in the holy place.
3. Made sacred by associations; hallowed.
1669Addr. Hopeful Yng. Gentry Eng. 69 Under so consecrate custody and regard. 1875L. Morris Ode to Free Rome 266 Error consecrate by time.
▪ II. consecrate, v.|ˈkɒnsɪkreɪt|
[f. consecrate ppl. a., or ad. L. consecrāt- ppl. stem of consecrā-re to dedicate, devote as sacred, deify, etc., f. con- + sacrā-re to make sacred, dedicate, f. stem of sacer, sacrum, sacred. Cf. F. consacrer, in 14th c. also consecrer, Pg. consegrar, Sp. consagrar, It. consacrare, the latter from a late L. *con-sacrāre.]
1. trans. To set apart (a person or thing) as sacred to the Deity; to dedicate solemnly to some sacred or religious purpose, and so give the object itself a character of holiness; to make sacred or holy and so fit for a religious use. Const. to, unto.
b. Particularly applied to the episcopal dedication or hallowing of a church and a churchyard, whereby these acquire the legal status of a ‘consecrated building’ and ‘consecrated ground’, with the special character and incidents legally attached thereto, in England and some Commonwealth countries. Cf. consecrated, consecration.
1460J. Capgrave Chron. 71 Fabian..ordeyned, that every ȝere, on Schere or Maunde Thursday, the Pope schuld consecrate crisme. 1535Coverdale Ex. xxxii. 29 Then sayde Moses: Consecrate youre handes this daie vnto the Lorde. 1555Eden Decades 162 Suche men as he had consecrated to be offered to the goddes. a1600Hooker Eccl. Pol. vii. vi. §2 The custom of the primitive church in consecrating holy virgins and widows unto the service of God and his Church. 1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exemp. ii. vii. 28 What you have consecrated I have hallowed. 1680Dryden Epitaph Sir P. Fairborne 24 To his lamented loss for times to come His pious widow consecrates this tomb. 1845S. Austin Ranke's Hist. Ref. II. 265 Not..inconsistent with their saying masses for the dead and consecrating salt and water.
b.1568Grafton Chron. II. 768 From that time hetherward, was there never..so holy a Byshop that durst presume the Churche of the same to consecrate. a1634Coke 3rd Inst. (1644) 203 Albeit churches or chappels may be built by any of the kings subjects..without licence, yet before the law take knowledge of them to be churches or chappels, the bishop is to consecrate or dedicate the same. 1671Bp. Cosin's Will in C.'s Corr. (Surtees) II. 294 The Chappell att Auckland Castle..by mee latly built and consecrated. 1726Ayliffe Parerg. 195 A Bishop ought not to consecrate a Church, which the Patron has built for filthy Gain and Lucre to himself. 1866J. M. Dale Clergyman's Legal Handbk. (ed. 4) viii. 95 All churchyards must be consecrated. Ancient churchyards are presumed to have been consecrated.
2. spec. Used as the proper word for the action whereby the bread and wine receive their sacramental character in the Eucharist.
(Here the notion varies according to the doctrine held as to the nature of the sacrament.)
1553Tindale Supper of Lorde 39 It is manifest that Christ consecrated no bread. 1548Order of Communion 8 To prepare, blisse and consecrate so muche as will serue the people. 1579Fulke Heskins' Parl. 67 To consecrate, is to halow, or to separat to an holy vse, so we grant y⊇ bread and wine to be consecrated. 1662Bk. Com. Prayer, Communion, If the consecrated bread or wine be all spent before all have communicated, the Priest is to consecrate more. 1678Wanley Wond. Lit. World v. iii. §16. 474/1 Zephyrinus..ordained that Wine in the Sacrament should be consecrated in a Vessel of Glass. 1854Hook Ch. Dict. (ed. 7) 247 Before we eat and drink this bread and wine which Christ designed to set forth the mystery of his death, to consecrate it and set it apart by a solemn prayer. 1885Catholic Dict. 311/2 The bread and the wine are consecrated by the words ‘This is my body,’ ‘This is my blood’.
†b. used proleptically of the result.
c1500Doctr. Gd. Servaunts in 5 Poet. Tracts (Percy Soc.) 3 Syth they consecrate our God omnipotent. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 231 b, How often so euer you consecrate my body and my blode, do it in the remembraunce of me. 1552Abp. Hamilton Catech. 205 He consecratis the trew body & blud of Jesus Christ, nocht be the vertew of ony mannis word, but be the vertew and powar of Gods word.
c. absol.
1534More On the Passion Wks. 1308/1 Therfore was it [the Paschall lambe] eaten with vnleauened breade. And so consequentlye Christe dydde consecrate in vnleauened breade. 1885Catholic Dict. 317/1 The First General Council takes for granted that priests alone can consecrate.
3. spec. Used as the proper word for the ordination and hallowing of persons to certain offices, as that of bishop, king, queen, etc.
1387Trevisa Higden (Rolls) VII. 115 He sawe seynt Peter apostel holde in his hond Edward þe sone of Egelrede..and consecrat hym kyng. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. iv. (1520) 32/2 He decreed that..a bysshop sholde be consecrated of thre. 1552Bk. Com. Prayer, The form of Consecrating of an Archbishop or Bishop. 1617Moryson Itin. i. iv. 45 Another Hill where the Counts of Holland were wont to be consecrated. 1768Blackstone Comm. IV. viii. 115 That if the dean and chapter refuse to elect the person named by the king, or any archbishop or bishop to confirm or consecrate him, they shall fall within the penalties of the statutes of praemunire. 1837Penny Cycl. VIII. 44/1 Coronation, the act of crowning or consecrating a king. 1885Catholic Dict. 87/1 The elect is consecrated bishop by imposition of hands, the tradition of staff and ring, the unction with the chrism, the imposition of the book of the Gospels on his shoulders, and other rites.
4. fig.; also refl.
1600Shakes. 2 Hen. IV, iv. i. 93 (Qo.) That you should seal this lawless bloody book..And consecrate commotions bitter edge. 1732Law Serious C. vi. (ed. 2) 79 The holiness of Christianity consecrates all states and employments of life unto God. 17..C. Wesley Hymn, ‘Lord, in the strength of grace’ i, Myself, my residue of days, I consecrate to Thee. 1878F. R. Havergal Hymn, Take my life, and let it be Consecrated, Lord, to Thee.
5. transf. To devote or dedicate to some purpose: often associated with 1, as implying devotion to some cherished principle or pursuit.
1555Eden Decades 53 They had desperatly consecrated them selues to death. 1599Thynne Animadv. Ded. (1875) 3, I will hereafter consecrate to your lykinge soome better labor of moore momente. 1674S. Vincent Gallants Acad. A vj, You will..not censure me for consecrating so idle a Pamphlet to you. Ibid. 38 When your Noblest Gallants consecrate their Hours to their Mistresses. 1805Foster Ess. i. iv. 56 A dusty room consecrated with religious solemnity to old coins. 1846Prescott Ferd. & Is. I. i. 105 His whole life was consecrated to letters.
b. To appropriate (tithes) to a particular church.
1844[see consecration 6].
6. To render sacred; to make an object of veneration or cherished regard; to hallow, sanctify; to sanction [= mod.F. consacrer].
1693Shadwell Volunteers iii. i, So glorious a cause as consecrates each sword that's drawn for it. 1761Hume Hist. Eng. I. ix. 199 That country which had been consecrated by the footsteps of their Redeemer. 1828W. Sewell Oxf. Prize Ess. 45 We have consecrated this prejudice in our institutions and our hearts. 1858Lingard Anglo-Sax. Ch. I. Pref. 7 Writers, whose reputation consecrates their opinions. 1887Lowell Democr. 192 Whose memories seem to consecrate the soul from all ignobler companionship.
†7. To devote or doom (to destruction, etc.). Obs. [A Latinism.]
1589Cooper Admon. 163 Saint Paule doth consecrate these to bee Doctrines of Deuilles. 1645Milton Colast. Wks. (1851) 360 Must hee bee left like a thing consecrated to calamity, and despair without redemption? 1652Gaule Magastrom. 240* The sacrilegious theurgist will consecrate any head to the crows, or perhaps to the jakes.
†8. To place among the gods; to deify; to apotheosize. Obs. [A Latinism.]
1605Bacon Adv. Learn. i. vii. §1 Inventors and authors of new arts..were ever consecrated amongst the gods themselves. 1730–6Bailey (folio) s.v. Consecration, The emperors..are consecrated after this manner. |