| 释义 |
snorkel, schnorkel|ˈsnɔːkəl, ˈʃnɔːkəl|
Also ‖ Schnorchel |ˈʃnɔrçəl|, Schnorkel.
[ad. G. schnorchel.]
1. a. Usu. in forms schnorkel, Schnorkel. An airshaft, invented in the Netherlands and developed in Germany, which was fitted to diesel-engined submarines so that air could reach the engines, allowing them to function, and exhaust gases to be expelled, while the vessel was submerged; also a submarine fitted with such an airshaft. Also Schnorkel Spirall.
1944News Chron. 11 Dec. 4/2 They are the new submarines fitted with what the Germans call the Schnorkel Spirall, the purpose of which is to extend under-water endurance. 1945Engineer 19 Jan. 52/3 We hear that the Germans are fitting their U-boats with what is called the Schnorkel. 1945News-Leader (Richmond, Va.) 12 Mar. 13/3 The ‘schnorkel’, or stovepipe breather, and the folding kite are chief among the new German gadgets. 1946[see breathing-tube s.v. breathing vbl. n. 10]. 1946Collier's 11 May 69/2 The other the Germans called the ‘Schnorchel’. That was a pipe or tube of about periscope height, that extended from the ventilating system of the engines to the surface. 1950Sat. Even. Post 11 Nov. 79 Chief credit for this went to the snorkel, a device which enables subs to breathe under water. Invented by the Dutch, stolen by the Nazis and perfected by the U.S. Navy, the snorkel has revolutionized naval warfare. 1959Sunday Times 8 Feb. 13/4 In the spring of 1944 operational U-boats of the older types began to be equipped with the ‘Schnorkel’. 1969New Scientist 28 Aug. 418/1 The invention of the schnorkel reduced the area exposed during recharging to a single pipe extending a few feet above the surface. 1974L. Deighton Spy Story xviii. 192 We came up to periscope depth and let a blow of fresh air through the schnorkel.
b. Usu. in form snorkel. A short breathing-tube used by underwater swimmers.
1953J. Y. Cousteau Silent World 6 They claimed we drove away fish, damaged nets, looted their seines, and caused mistrals with our schnorkels. 1958Oxf. Mail 17 Apr. 6/7 The American film television series, Sea Hunt, claims to be boosting the sport of skin-diving. If that is true there is soon going to be a big demand for snorkels and spear-guns in the Midlands. 1962Underwater Swimming (‘Know the Game’ ser.) 9/1 By lying on the surface with the face in the water and breathing through the snorkel, the diver can watch the underwater scene continuously. 1968T.V. World 10 Feb. 18/1 It is only when she sees a swimmer's snorkel in her stepfather's room that Mandy realises how the crime could have been committed. 1977G. Durrell Golden Bats & Pink Pigeons v. 110 We had only masks and no snorkels, and my mask let in water.
2. Usu. in form Snorkel. A proprietary name for a piece of apparatus used in fighting fires in tall buildings, consisting of a platform which may be elevated and extended.
1959Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 27 Oct. tm 140/1 Pitman Manufacturing Company, Grandview, Mo. Filed July 6, 1959. Snorkel. For Aerial Platform Apparatus, Particularly Such Apparatus Adapted for Use in Fire Fighting. First use June 11, 1959. 1960Amer. City Jan. 83/2 After re-design and further testing of pilot models, the Pitman Aerial Platform, now known as the Snorkel, was offered in July 1958. 1963R. I. McDavid Mencken's Amer. Lang. 258 Snorkel... The Chicago Fire Department uses it to designate a piece with an elevated pumping platform, for fighting fires in tall buildings. 1969Trade Marks Jrnl. 26 Nov. 1955/1 Snorkel 940,580. Mobile hydraulically operated rotatable and elevatable platforms for use in fire fighting. Simon Engineering Dudley Limited,..Dudley, Worcestershire; Manufacturers. 1973Lebende Sprachen XVIII. 69/2 At Newcastle upon Tyne the Chief Fire Officer has installed a closed circuit television camera on an aerial platform known as a snorkel. 1977Monitor (McAllen, Texas) 28 June 1a/9 The fire was declared out at 8 a.m. The Edinburg snorkel was used to wet down all parts under the collapsed roof.
3. attrib.
1944[see sense 1 a above]. 1945Illustr. London News 3 Mar. 229/2 The most recent move in this never-ceasing battle was the introduction..of the ‘Schnorkel’ apparatus. 1949Sun (Baltimore) 2 Apr. 7/2 (caption) First photo of damaged sub... The periscope and snorkel equipment are bent. 1953J. Y. Cousteau Silent World 1 My wife, Simone, would swim out on the surface with a schnorkel breathing-tube and watch me through her submerged mask. 1954E. Clark Lady with Spear xix. 187 He..wasn't a strong swimmer, but he wanted to try a face mask and snorkel tube. 1958Times Lit. Suppl. 9 May 257/4 ‘There is no tactical requirement for such a fitting,’ was the crushing reply to his early suggestion for the designing of a schnorkel apparatus. 1962F. I. Ordway et al. Basic Astronautics xiii. 510 These devices had snorkel attachments to prevent the entry of water into the systems. 1967New Scientist 9 Mar. 457/1 Modern conventional submarines can proceed at speed for many days with nothing except their ‘schnorkel’ air-breathing tubes breaking the surface. 1967O. Wynd Walk Softly, Men Praying xii. 187 The men..might have got out in snorkel-suits and been picked up by a deep-sea fishing fleet. 1973People's Jrnl. (Inverness) 28 July 10/3 (caption) Firemen use the 85ft. snorkel escape ladder to rescue a ‘casualty’ from the training tower. 1980P. Moyes Angel Death iv. 47 They climbed ashore, with their snorkel masks and fins slung in a string shopping-bag.
Hence as v. intr. (also erron. snorkle), to use a snorkel; to swim underwater using a snorkel; ˈsnorkeller, ˈsnorkelling vbl. n.
1959New Scientist 26 Mar. 695/2 Pressure variations due to this ‘snorkeling’ might disturb sensitive instrumentation systems. Mark I could snorkel. 1959Elizabethan June 21/2 But archaeology is really work for trained specialists. You will most likely want to know where to ‘snorkel’ and fish. 1960F. M. Roberts Basic Scuba ii. 27 Snorkeling through weeds..might pull the mouthpiece from the diver's lips because the crook gets caught. 1963Harper's Bazaar Jan. 30/2 Many skin divers are content to remain snorkelers, but some want to go deeper and deeper. 1968J. Updike Couples ii. 171 Ken liked to snorkel. 1974Country Life 24 Jan. (Suppl.) 32 Vast golden bays... Each..an adventure for intrepid snorklers. 1975D. Marlowe Nightshade x. 116 Water sports, shuffleboard, scuba and snorkling. 1977G. Durrell Golden Bats & Pink Pigeons iv. 81 We went snorkling on the reef. 1980P. Moyes Angel Death viii. 104 Henry and Emma swam and snorkelled and sunbathed. |