| 释义 |
▪ I. † consoude now consound, n. Herb.|kənˈsaʊnd|
Forms: 1 consolde, 3–5 consoude, -sowde, 5 -saude, 6– consound.
[a. OF. consolde, consoulde, consoude (this also mod.F.):—L. consolida, so called app. f. L. consolidāre to make solid or firm, on account of its attributed virtues: cf. comfrey. Consound is a 16th c. corruption parallel to that in the verb (see next).]
A herb to which healing virtues were attributed; the plant so called by the Romans is generally supposed to have been the comfrey (Symphytum officinale). But the mediæval herbalists distinguished three species, C. major, media, and minor, which they identified as the Comfrey, Bugle (Ajuga reptans) and Daisy (Bellis perennis) respectively. The field Larkspur was also called Consolida regia or regalis, King's Consound, whence Linnæus's specific name Delphinium Consolida.
The name Solidago was a mediæval synonym of Consolida, whence ‘Consound’ has also sometimes been erroneously used as a book-name of species of the composite genus to which Solidago is now applied, or of Senecio confounded with it.
c1000Sax. Leechd. II. 350 Do him þis to læcedome..consolde, orgeot mid ealaþ, do haliᵹ wæter. [c1265Voc. Names Pl. in Wr.-Wülcker 555/3 Chaudes Herbes..Consolida, i. consoude, i. daiseie.] c1350Med. MS. in Archæol. XXX. 357 And smal consowde wt y⊇ whyte flour. c1425Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 645/34 Nomina herbarum..Hec concilida, consaude. c1450Ibid. 575/7 Consolida, consowde. [c1450Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 45 Consolida minor..gall. le-petite consoude, angl. waysegle uel bonwort uel brosewort.] 1578Lyte Dodoens i. xc. 133 Consolida media: in English Middell Consounde, or Middle Comfery, and Bugle. Ibid. i. xcix. 141 Solidago Sarracenica, and Consolida Sarracenica..in English Sarrasines Consounde, or Sarrasines Comfery. Ibid. ii. xv. 165 The wilde [Larkes spurre]..is now called in Latine Consolida regia aut regalis: in English Kings Consounde. 1601Holland Pliny II. 275 The Greekes imposed vpon it the name Symphytum, i. Consound. 1783Ainsworth Lat. Dict. (Morell) v, Consolida..The herb comfrey, or consound. 1807Compl. Farmer (ed. 5), Consound, a provincial term applied to bugle.
▪ II. † consoude, conˈsound, v. Obs.
In 4–5 consoude, -sowde.
[ME. consoude, a. OF. *consouder, consoder (Godefroy), L. consolidāre to consolidate; in 16th c. like the simple ME. vb. soude (F. souder, L. solidare), assimilated by ‘popular etymology’ to the adj. sound whole: see sound v.3]
trans. To heal, join together (wounds, fractures); = consolidate v. 4.
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 48 (MS. A) Þe boon may neuere wiþ verri consolidacion be consowdid. Ibid., To heele & consowde þe wounde. 1586tr. Vigo's Wks. 278 The medicine written in the former Chapter, which consoundeth bones.
Hence conˈsou(n)ding vbl. n. and ppl. a.
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 44 (MS. A) He leide to þilke prickynge a consowdynge oynement. Ibid. 66 In streynynge of blood & consowdynge [MS. B. consoudynge] of þe veyne. 1597Gerarde Herbal i. xxxi. 42 Fit consounding plaisters upon the greeued place. |