| 释义 |
contrariety|kɒntrəˈraɪɪtɪ|
Forms: 4 contrariete, 4–5 contrarite, -yte, 5–6 contraryete, 5–7 -ietie, 6 -yetye, 6–7 contrarity, 7 -itie, 6– contrariety.
[a. OF. contrarieté, -eteit, ad. late L. contrārietātem, n. of quality f. contrārius contrary; see -ty.]
1. Opposition of one thing to another in nature, quality, or action; diametrical difference, repugnancy, contrariness.
c1380in Rel. Ant. II. 52 Distaunce of contrarite is betwene fleyshly pley and the ernestful dedis of Crist. c1386Chaucer Pars. T. ⁋1003 Þer ioye haþ no contrariete of wo. c1449Pecock Repr. 455 The lawes conteynen in hem contrarite to the comoun lawe of God. 1563T. Hill Art Garden. i. xiv. (1608) 37 The naturall contraritie of the ash and the snake or adder. 1651Stanley Poems 101 The black and white here kindly do agree Graced by each others contrariety. 1739J. Trapp Right. over-much (1758) 4 Its contrariety to sound reason. 1750Johnson Rambler No. 23 ⁋11 A ship..dashed by the waves from every quarter, but held upright by the contrariety of the assailants. 1838–9Hallam Hist. Lit. III. iii. iii. §10. 8 Contrariety is necessary for the decay and reproduction of nature. 1866Geo. Eliot F. Holt III. xliii. 152 With an odd contrariety to her former niceties she liked his rough attire.
b. An instance of such opposition; an antagonistic action or fact; pl. contraries.
c1449Pecock Repr. ii. xvi. 242 In the sterris..weren noon contrarietees. 1524Wolsey in Fiddes Life ii. (1726) 72 After long altercations and sundrie contrarietys. 1631W. Saltonstall Picturæ Loq. (1635) F viij b, A Country Dame is a contrariety to finenesse, for she loves plainnesse. 1692Ray Dissol. World iii. v. (1732) 342 If there were no such Contrarieties and fights..among them. 1719De Foe Crusoe (1840) II. x. 225, I had the particular pleasure, speaking by contrarieties, to see the ship set sail without me. 1852Disraeli Ld. G. Bentinck 2 He had overcome many contrarieties and prejudices.
2. Opposition between things of the same class of parts of the same thing; disagreement, discordance, discrepancy, inconsistency.
1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 270/3 Seynt Theoderyck sayth that he was flayn and it is redde in many bookes that he was byheded only and this contraryete may be assoylled in this manere. 1583Stubbes Anat. Abus. ii. 57 The contrariety that euer hath beene in all ages amongst the verie doctors and maisters themselues. 1644Milton Divorce Wks. 1738 I. 291 That in the words of our Saviour there can be no contrariety. 1762Goldsm. Cit. W. xv, Strange contrariety of conduct! they pity, and they eat the objects of their compassion! 1877C. Geikie Christ xxxviii. (1879) 445 When there is such contrariety of opinion.
b. An instance of this; a discrepancy.
1532Thynne Ded. Chaucer's Wks., The contrarieties..founde by the collacion of the one [edition] with the other. 1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, ii. iii. 59 He will be here, and yet he is not here: How can these contrarieties agree? 1765Blackstone Comm. I. 30 The little contrarieties, which the practice of many centuries will necessarily create in any human system. 1854–6C. Patmore Angel in Ho. i. ii. iv, Above All other contrarieties Is labour contrary to love.
3. Opposition to one's purpose or advantage; unfavourable character; hence (with a and pl.) an adversity, affliction, mishap, disadvantage.
c1430tr. T. à Kempis' Imit. ii. iii, Al our pes..is raþer to be sette in meke suffryng þan in not feling contrarieties. 1494Fabyan Chron. vii. 373 And to this fyll an other contraryte to y⊇ Cristen. 1620–55I. Jones Stone-Heng (1725) 3 To shelter them from Contrariety of Seasons. 1642Sir T. Browne Relig. Med. 38 The tempests and contrarieties of winds. 1847Illustr. Lond. News 28 Aug. 139/3 The season has been financially..triumphant, despite of many unfortunate contrarieties.
4. Opposite direction or position.
1615Crooke Body of Man 424 [It] is rather a contrariety of motion. 1691Ray Creation i. (1704) 72 Contrariety of Motions, which were requisite in the old Hypothesis.
5. Logic. Contrary opposition: see contrary a. 6.
1553T. Wilson Rhet. 106 b, Contrarietie is when our talke standeth by contrarie wordes or sentences together. 1628T. Spencer Logick 88 Contrarietie is a difference according to the forme. 1788Reid Aristotle's Log. i. §3 The opposition of terms are relative, privative, of contrariety and of contradiction. 1837–8Sir W. Hamilton Logic xvii. (1866) I. 331 A disjunctive syllogism with characters opposed in contrariety. |