| 释义 |
▪ I. sollar, n.1|ˈsɒlə(r)|
Forms: α. 1 solor, (1) 4–7 soler, 4–5 (9) solere. β. 5– solar (now the usual form in sense 1 a, esp. when used Hist.), 5–6 solare. γ. 6– soller (7 -or, 9 -ere), 8 saller. δ. 6– sollar (6 -are).
[OE. solor, soler-, = OS. soleri, OHG. solâri, solêri (MHG. solre, sölre, etc., G. söller, † soller), MDu. solre (Du. zolder), MLG. solder (LG. solder, soller), ad. L. sōlāri-um, f. sōl sun. In ME., however, perh. readopted from AF. soler, solair, = OF. solier, Prov. solier, solar, Pg. soalheiro, It. solaio.]
1. a. An upper room or apartment in a house or other dwelling; in later use esp. a loft, attic, or garret (sometimes used as a granary or store-room). Now arch. or dial. exc. Hist.
Originally one open to the sun or receiving much sunlight. In OE. only transf. and fig. The confusion with cellar which appears in quot. 13.. is found occasionally in other texts down to the 16th cent.
αc897K. ælfred tr. Gregory's Past. C. 23 Oððæt hio fæstlice ᵹestonde on ðæm solore ðæs modes. a1000Phœnix 204 Þær se wilda fuᵹel..ofer heanne beam hus ᵹetimbreð..& ᵹewicað þær sylf in þam solere.
a1300Cursor M. 15208 He þam lent..A celer [Fairf. soler] in at ete. 13..Sir Beues 1532 Nas mete ne drinke before him leid,..Boute be a kord of a solere. 1388Wyclif Gen. vi. 16 Thou [Noah] shalt make soleris..in the schip. c1400Laud Troy Bk. 15374 Paris thanne & his comperes Come walkyng out of here soleres. 1463Bury Wills (Camden) 32 The ij chambrys with the soler above. 1523Ld. Berners Froissart I. ccxxxii. 322 The women..entred into the houses, and went vp into the batylmentes and solers, and cast downe..stones. 1603Stow Surv. (ed. 2) 270 Sheds or shops, with solers ouer them.
βc1450Godstow Reg. 404 The solare and tenement of the forsaid Laurence. 1542Udall Erasm. Apoph. 240 b, Must I bee fain to walke on y⊇ solares or loftes of my hous? 1598Stow Surv. 237 Two shops, with solars, sellars, and other edifices. 1606Holland Sueton. 147 [He] slily crept forth and conveied himselfe up into a Solar [marg. a garret] next adioyning. a1695A. Wood Hist. Univ. Oxford (1792) I. 359 Stone steps that led to the solar or chamber. 1789Smyth tr. Aldrich's Archit. (1818) 112 In the roof there are often rooms which we call solars. 1851T. H. Turner Dom. Archit. I. 86 The principal chamber after the hall was that called the lord's chamber, or some⁓times the solar. 1868Freeman in Stephens Life (1895) I. vi. 412 All..of this page has been written..in the solar of the manor-house. 1895C. R. B. Barrett Surrey iii. 88 The floor of this solar is sustained by massive oak beams.
γ1530Palsgr. 272/2 Soller, a lofte, garnier. 1559Bury Wills (Camden) 153 A hutche on the soller. 1580Tusser Husb. (1878) 129 Then dresse it and laie it in soller vp sweete. 1623Maldon Documents (Bundle 167, no. 1), One litle shop with a soller over it. 1674Ray S. & E.C. Words 77 Soller, or Solar, an upper Chamber or Loft. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Soller, a loft. 1839Sir G. C. Lewis Gloss. Heref., Soller, an upper floor.
δ1530Palsgr. 272/2 Sollar, a chambre, solier. 1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Acts xx. 68 There were manye candelles in the sollare where as we wer than assembled. 1577Harrison Descr. Brit. ii. xviii, To such an Inne or sollar there I laie my corne. 1601Holland Pliny I. 433 If they be kept in borded sollors or garners, the oile will be..lesse in quantitie. 1638Rawley tr. Bacon's Life & Death (1650) 5 The placing of Garners, on the Tops of Houses,..is very commodious. Some also make two Sollars; An Upper, and a Lower. And the upper Sollar hath an hole in it; thorow which the Graine continually descendeth. 1819H. Busk Vestriad iii. 817 Drowsy cits, who in their sollars snore. 1886J. Payne tr. Boccaccio's Decameron viii. vii. III. 90 A little uninhabited tower..that the shepherds climb up..to a sollar at the top.
b. An elevated chamber or loft in a church, in later use spec. in a steeple or belfry.
c1305St. Kenelm 340 in E.E.P. (1862) 56 Heo sat in seint peteres churche biside þe abbey ȝate In a soler in þe est side, & lokede out þerate. 1516Churchw. Acc. in Nicholls (1797) 156 A locke and a keye to the weste dore of the solare within the church. 1533Dunmow Churchw. MS. fol. 18 b, For makyng of the dore in to the ryngyng soller, 3s 8d. 1561Ludlow Churchw. Acc. (Camden) 105 For ij fealde and a lader that serveth in the steple or soller. 1570Foxe A. & M. (ed. 2) III. 2281/2 You are one of them that..pulled downe the Rode seller [1596 sollar, 1684 sollor], and all the Saintes. 1754T. Gardner Hist. Dunwich 156 The Vice or Stairs do not exceed in Height the upper Soller where the Bells hung. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia 315 A belfry..is sometimes called the bell-soller, sometimes simply the soller. 1875Encycl. Brit. II. 473/1 Solar, Soller,..an elevated chamber in a church from which to watch the lamps burning before the altars. 1906Raven Bells 51 The chamber called the solarium, a name still preserved by ringers in their word ‘soller’.
†c. A story of a house. Obs.
1585Higins tr. Junius' Nomencl. 181/2 Tristega,..an house of three sollers. Ibid. 211/2 Contignatio,..rearing of an house in sollers or stories. 1600Holland Livy 1379 Plinie calleth it Septisolium, or seven lofts or solars.
†2. A place exposed to the sun. Obs.
c1440Pallad. on Husb. vi. 176 At Mayes eende a solar is to paue.
3. Cornish mining.
a. A platform in a mine, esp. one supporting a ladder.
1778Pryce Min. Cornub. 326 A Saller, in a Mine, is a stage or gallery of boards for men to stand on and roll away broken stuff in wheel-barrows... In a footway Shaft, the Saller is the floor for a ladder to rest upon. 1855J. R. Leifchild Cornwall 156 At the foot of each ladder is a platform called a ‘sollar’, with an opening or man-hole leading to the next ladder beneath. 1896J. Hocking Fields of Fair Renown i. 8 We are working from the twenty-fathom sollar towards the old mine.
b. A raised floor under which air is admitted to a working.
1778Pryce Min. Cornub. 147 They lay boards on the bottom of the Adit,..by which contrivance, called a Saller, the boards being hollow underneath, air is conveyed to the workmen. 1875J. H. Collins Met. Mining 116 A natural current may often be produced in a long level by means of an ‘air-sollar’. To form an air-sollar, the floor of the level..is laid about 6 inches above the actual bottom of the level.
4. attrib., as sollar-board, sollar-chamber, sollar-floor, etc.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvii. clxii. (Bodl. MS.), Bordes and tables..whan þei beþ isette in soler flores and serueþ alle men þat beþ þerin. 1648Hexham ii, Een Zolderberdt, a Sollar-plank or board. 1819Scott Ivanhoe vi, I thought to have lodged him in the solere chamber.
Hence ˈsollar v. trans., to furnish with a sollar or flooring. Also ˈsollaring (vbl.) n.
1547in J. R. Boyle Hedon (1875) App. 134 For mendynge the sollerynge over the hye altar, ij.d. 1648Hexham ii, Een planckier, a Sollering with Plankes. Ibid., Zolderen, to Sollar, or to Lay with plankes or boards. 1778Pryce Min. Cornub. 147 To make these matters clear with regard to driving and Sallering an Adit.
▪ II. ˈsollar, n.2
dial. var. of sallow n. ? Obs.
1733W. Ellis Chiltern & Vale Farm. 157 At such Distances may be put in Sollar-sets, Ashen-keys, and Hazel-nuts. Ibid. 176 The old Saying, Be the Oak ne'er so stout, the Sollar red will wear it out. |