| 释义 |
somato-, a.|ˈsəʊmətəʊ|
Gr. σωµατο-, combining form of σῶµα, σώµατ- body (see soma2), used in a number of scientific terms, as ˈsomatocœl Zool. [a. G. somatocœl (K. Heider 1912, in Verhandl. d. deutsch. zool. Ges. XXII. 241), f. Gr. κοιλία cavity of the body], each of a pair of cavities in an echinoderm embryo that develop into the main body cavity of the adult; hence somatoˈcœlic a.; ˈsomatocyst, a sac forming the proximal end of the hydrosoma in oceanic hydrozoa; somatogeˈnetic a., somaˈtogenic a. (see quots.); † somaˈtognosy, somatology; somatoˈmetric, -ˈmetrical adjs., of or pertaining to the measurement of the body; hence somaˈtoˈmetrically adv.; ˈsomatoplasm, soma-plasm; ˈsomatopleure (see quot. 1874); somatoˈpleuric a., of or belonging to the somatopleure; somatoˈpsychic a. Psychol. [ad. G. somatopsychisch (C. Wernicke 1892, in Path. des Nervensystems (1893) 166], (a) of or pertaining to awareness of one's own body (? obs.); (b) arising from or pertaining to the effects of bodily illness on the mind; somato-ˈsensory a. Physiol. = somæsthetic a.; somaˈtotomy, anatomy.
Many similar compounds occur in special works or are recorded in dictionaries, as somatoblast, somato-chrome, somato-derm, somato-graphy, somato-phyte, somato-phytic, etc.
1955L. H. Hyman Invertebrates IV. xv. 692 The inner walls of the *somatocoels meet above and below the intestine to form the primary mesentery. 1962D. Nichols Echinoderms x. 120 Almost as soon as the primary coelomic sacs have been formed, they bud off posteriorly another pair of sacs, the somatocoels, later to form the main coelom of the adult body. 1976Nature 20 May 228/1 All this suggests that the new coelomocytes in the general body cavity can have come only from the *somatocoelic epithelium.
1859Huxley Oceanic Hydrozoa 31 The *somatocyst is narrow and subcylindrical. 1870H. A. Nicholson Man. Zool. 79 The proximal end of the hydrosoma is modified into a peculiar cavity called the somato-cyst.
1905G. A. Reid Princip. Heredity i. 6 Acquired characters take origin (as a rule) in the cell-descendants of the germ-cell; that is, they are *somatogenetic in origin.
1889in Rep. Brit. Assoc. 767 He [Weismann] uses the term *somatogenic to express those characters which first appear in the body itself.
1811–31Bentham Logic App. Wks. 1843 VIII. 284 Somatology, *somatognosy, or somatics.
1939Ibid. 11 Nov. 807/1 By what *somatometric method, which is both reliable and convenient of application, is it possible to assess nutritional status? 1951Proc. Sect. Sci. Koninkl. Akad Wetensch. Amsterdam C. LIV. 480 (heading) The quantitative expression of resemblance in the somatometric study of relationship. Ibid., *Somatometrical data of different age-groups are not directly comparable. Ibid., Training and interest will mostly induce the anthropologist to restrict himself to the study of properties than can be demonstrated *somatometrically.
1889tr. Weismann's Ess. Heredity, etc. 104 If the germ-plasm and the substance of the body, the *somatoplasm, have always occupied different spheres. 1890Weismann in Nature 6 Feb. 320/2 My germ-plasm or idioplasm of the first ontogenetic grade is not modified into the somatoplasm of Prof. Vines.
1874Foster & Balfour Elem. Embryol. 38 The upper (or outer) leaf of the blastoderm, from its giving rise to the body⁓walls, is called the *somatopleure. 1888Q. Jrnl. Microscopic Sci. XXVIII. 111 The lower end lies outside the angle.., between the somatopleure and splanchnopleure.
1874Foster & Balfour Elem. Embryol. 39 The *somato⁓pleuric investment of the yolk sac. 1900Nature 12 Apr. 560/2 Prior to the formation of the somatopleuric system represented by the cardinal veins, &c.
1902Buck's Handbk. Med. Sci. (rev. ed.) V. 27/1 Consciousness is a function of the associative mechanism and may be considered in its threefold relationship to the outer world, the body and self—allopsychic, *somatopsychic, and autopsychic. 1927Henderson & Gillespie Text-bk. Psychiatry II. 13 His division of concepts into those of the outside world, of the personality, and of the body—‘allopsychic’, ‘autopsychic’, and ‘somatopsychic’. 1955A.M.A. Arch. Neurol. & Psychiatry LXXIII. 403/2 With the increasing severity in the lesion and the growing disability of the patient, much may be learned about the somatopsychic problem, i.e., about the manner in which the increasingly morbid process affects the state of mind of the patient and his relation to himself and his environment. 1961Guardian 17 May 8/5 We should not allow a preoccupation with psychosomatic illness..to blind us to the advances..in the treatment of somato-psychic disorders. 1978F. Mann Acupuncture (ed. 3) x. 160 Modern medicine might use the word ‘psychosomatic’ to describe the diseases considered in this section, as they are physical results of uncontrolled emotion; those in the previous section might be given the label ‘somatopsychic’, being mental diseases resulting from outer or physical causes.
1952Federation Proc. XI. 5/2 Responses from stimulation of arm and leg subdivisions of *somatosensory area I were similar in location but differed in shape. 1975Nature 30 Oct. 738/1 Axons carrying visual, auditory and somatosensory information converge on the tectum and interlace with tectal neurones. 1978Sci. Amer. Sept. 82/2 In the somatosensory area of the cortex the cells in a column respond to the same type of stimulus (pressure, touch, heat, cold) at the same point on the body surface.
1851Dunglison Dict. Med. Sci. 797/1 *Somatotomy.
Add: ˌsomatoˌmammoˈtrophin Physiol. (also -tropin), any of several hormones having both growth-promoting and lactogenic properties; human chorionic somatomammotrophin, a hormone of this kind which is produced by the human placenta during pregnancy.
1968C. H. Li et al. in Experientia XXIV. 1288/1 In order to eliminate confusion by the use of different terms for the same hormone, we wish to propose that henceforth the hormone be called human chorionic *somato-mammotropin... It has both growth hormone (somatotropin) and lactogenic hormone (mammotropin) activities. 1970Jrnl. Obstetr. & Gynæcol. LXXVII. 747/1 The raised plasma levels of growth hormone (HGH) in radioimmunoassay are probably due to the presence in the blood of pregnant women of chorionic somato-mammotrophin. 1970Ital. Jrnl. Biochem. XIX. 111 Human chorionic somatomammotropin (H.C.S.), a protein synthesized in the placenta from early pregnancy, shares some interesting features with human growth hormone. 1984J. F. Lamb et al. Essent. Physiol. (ed. 2) xii. 392 These hormones are known as human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and human chorionic somatomammotrophin (HCS, also known as human placental lactogen). 1987K. Murray in Bu'lock & Kristiansen Basic Biotechnol. xix. 505 Insulin and chorionic somatomammotropin, a polypeptide hormone resembling β-gonadotropin, have also been produced in E. coli. |