| 释义 |
corrode, v.|kəˈrəʊd|
Also 5–6 corode, (7 crode).
[ad. L. corrōdĕre to gnaw away, f. cor- (com-) intensive + rōdĕre to gnaw. Cf. F. corroder (Paré, 16th c.).]
†1. trans. To eat into; to eat or gnaw away. Obs. in lit. sense.
1555Eden Decades 122 Howe these woormes knawe and corrode the shyppes. 1648Hunting of Fox 10 The Fox (being about to destroy a vine) doth it by corroding and gnawing the root. 1746–7Hervey Medit. (1818) 162 No moth can corrode their texture. [1862Goulburn Pers. Relig. iii. (1873) 28 The branch..corroded by insects.]
2. transf. To wear away or destroy gradually, as if by eating or gnawing away the texture.
a. Said of diseases, etc.
c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 79 Galion seiþ þat scharp blood..corrodiþ [MS. B. cordyth] fleisch. Ibid. 92 A festre..if þat..he haue corrodid eiþer rotid sumwhat of þe senewe. 1547Boorde Brev. Health 26 b, A Canker, the whiche doth corode and eate the superia partes of the body. 1643J. Steer tr. Fabricius' Exp. Chyrurg. i. 2 The Humours doe crode and knaw the place affected. a1735Arbuthnot (J.), The blood turning acrimonious, corrodes the vessels. 1838Prescott Ferd. & Is. (1846) I. ii. 144 A painful disorder, which had been secretly corroding her constitution for a number of years. 1875Darwin Insectiv. Pl. vi. 103 The cartilage had been unequally corroded by the secretion.
b. Said of the action of chemical agents or rust upon metal, etc.
[c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 14 Grene vitriol..if þou leie him on moist compleccioun he..corrodith [v.r. coroduþ] it. ]1594Plat Jewell-ho. 37 Others [i.e. inks] would corrode or fret the paper in peeces. 1667H. Stubbe in Phil. Trans. II. 495 The Iron-Guns..were so corroded, that some were..almost like Honey-Combs. 1703Moxon Mech. Exerc. 264 Morter eats and corrodes the Timber. 1744Berkeley Siris §138 Iron and copper are corroded and gather rust in the air. 1875Ure Dict. Arts II. 283 Dürer, whom Landseer supposes to be the first who corroded his plates with aqua⁓fortis. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) I. 491 As in the sea all things are corroded by the brine.
†c. Said of the gradual action of water, currents, etc.: To erode, eat away. Obs.
1652French Yorksh. Spa iii. 34 The water..corrodes its way through the same. 1692Bentley Boyle Lect. iv. 130 The chanels of Rivers [will be] corroded by the Streams. 1781Rennell in Phil. Trans. 98 The current..falling obliquely on the side of the bay, corrodes it incessantly.
3. fig.
a1631Donne To C'tess of Bedford, Statesmen purge vice with vice, and may corrode The bad with bad. 1653Walton Angler 215 Those restless thoughts and contentions which corrode the sweets of life. c1760Smollett Love Elegy 4 Heart-gnawing cares corrode my pensive breast. 1792F. Burney Diary 24 Sept., Our time was almost all corroded by the general alarm. 1869Lecky Europ. Mor. I. i. 60 Luxurious and effeminate vices do undoubtedly corrode and enervate national character.
4. absol. and intr. (in prec. senses).
a. lit.
1610Markham Masterp. ii. clxxiii. 486 It adusteth, dryeth, and corrodeth. 1656Ridgley Pract. Physick 122 The green of brasse corrodeth lesse when it is burned, than unburned. 1779Mann in Phil. Trans. LXIX. 603 So great..irregularities..in the motion of a river, as will..corrode through the banks. 1846Darwin Geol. Observ. i. 18 Periods of comparative rest, during which the sea corroded deeply, as it is still corroding, into the land.
b. fig.
1676D'Urfey Mad. Fickle i. i, But your sawce is scurvy, and will doubtless corrode upon my Nature. a1734North Lives (1826) III. 155 The abuses in the management of the royal navy, and the multitudinous fraud that corroded there. 1759Goldsm. Bee No. 7 Sabinus, By incautiously suffering this jealousy to corrode in her breast. 1861Thornbury Turner I. 71 The love of money had not yet corroded into him.
5. intr. (for refl.) To become corroded, suffer corrosion. lit. and fig.
1820W. Irving Sketch Bk. I. 174 Some minds corrode and grow inactive under the loss of personal liberty. 1868Rogers Pol. Econ. iii. (1876) 31 Gold and silver..do not rust, corrode, or decay. |