| 释义 |
▪ I. souvenir, n.|suːvəˈnɪə(r)|
[a. F. souvenir memory, keepsake, subst. use of the inf. souvenir:—L. subvenīre to come into the mind.]
1. a. A remembrance, a memory.
1775H. Walpole Lett. (1857) VI. 284 You have always been so good to me, Madam, and I am so grateful that if my souvenirs were marked with cups, there would be many more than mile-stones from hence to Ampthill. 1777C'tess Upper Ossory in Jesse Selwyn & Contemp. (1844) III. 188 These are the words of our friend the Quaker, and the substantial proofs of this souvenir you will soon receive.
b. A slight trace of something. rare—1.
1883Harper's Mag. Nov. 971/1, I would recommend this lavender Ducape, with only just a souvenir of sorrow in it.
2. a. A token of remembrance; something (usually a small article of some value bestowed as a gift) which reminds one of some person, place, or event; a keepsake.
1782J. Douglas Trav. Anecd. (1786) 41 The youngest of the two girls..asked if she was certain, that the little souvenir she gave her was safe in her pocket. 1803M. Edgeworth E. de Coulanges (1832) 217 She intended to offer souvenirs to her English friends. 1838Stephen Trav. Russia 75/1 He gave me his last painting..as a souvenir for his sister. 1885R. Buchanan Annan Water xxiii, She saw the gentle old pastor counting his souvenirs within.
b. As the title of a work intended as a gift-book, spec. of an illustrated annual publication (see first quot.).
1825(title), The Literary Souvenir, or Cabinet of Poetry and Romance. 1835Hood Poetry, Prose, & Worse xxxvii, How sweet if the bill..But enrich'd, as a copy of verses, The Gem, or a new Souvenir! 1840― Kilmansegg, Educ. x, Her ‘Early Lessons’ of every sort, Looked like Souvenirs.
c. Mil. slang. In the 1914–18 war, a jocular term for a bullet or shell.
1915D. O. Barnett Let. 17 May 140 They kept sending their big black souvenirs over. 1929Papers Mich. Acad. Sci. Arts & Lett. X. 324 Souvenirs, shells.
3. attrib., as souvenir card, souvenir-hunter, souvenir programme, souvenir shop, souvenir spoon.
1900Daily News 15 Nov. 5/2 The presentation of a silver trophy to each corps and of a souvenir card to each Volunteer.
1923Kipling Irish Guards in Gt. War I. 131 Being a hardened souvenir-hunter, he is reported to have removed the official German name-board of the establishment. 1976B. Jackson Flameout (1977) iii. 40 Souvenir hunters were a menace..stealing bits of metal that could, if left in position, help determine the cause of the crash.
1962L. Deighton Ipcress File ii. 22 A cigarette-girl..tried to sell me a souvenir programme.
1950J. Flanner in New Yorker 25 Feb. 84/2 The best souvenir shops for the pilgrims are in the Via della Conciliazione. 1980J. Gardner Garden of Weapons iii. iii. 246 From the souvenir shop the coach party went..for a drink.
1893Outing XXII. 160 When the souvenir spoon became a fad, As a gift to be highly prized.
▪ II. souvenir, v.|suːvəˈnɪə(r)|
[f. the n.]
1. trans. To pierce with a bullet or shell. Cf. sense 2 c of the n. Mil. slang (in the war of 1914–18).
1915Chambers's Jrnl. Oct. 663/1 Our periscope was ‘souvenired’ later on with a rifle-bullet clean through the tin sides.
2. To provide with or constitute a souvenir of (something). rare.
1917W. Owen Let. 25 Nov. (1967) 510 How much better than a photograph does it [sc. a poem] souvenir that day! 1976Vogue Jan. 7/2 The Tate..is issuing a special Constable diary..and a Constable paper-weight. So the exhibition will be fully souvenired.
3. To take as a ‘souvenir’; to appropriate; to pilfer, steal. Also absol. slang (orig. Mil.).
1919W. H. Downing Digger Dialects 46 Souvenir,..to steal, find, capture, etc. 1920Punch 28 Jan. 65/1 The Major..set the ladies souveniring among old water-tin stoppers, which he alleged to be the plugs of hand-grenades. 1944F. Clune Red Heart 19, I dug up his body, souvenired his false teeth. 1956S. Hope Diggers' Paradise ix. 83 But early, too, numbers of youngsters show that tendency to ‘souvenir’ which is the euphonious term for pilfering. 1969I. Brown Rhapsody of Words 120 Silver spoons and jewellery souvenired from rooms with open windows. 1975J. I. M. Stewart Gaudy vii. 116 It's possible that people sometimes souvenir such things.
Hence souveˈniring vbl. n.
1969‘M. Innes’ Family Affair xiii. 145 It had been lifted much as somebody might lift a china gnome..from a suburban garden. Souveniring, as they say. 1972Guardian 15 May 1/4 The House of Commons is determined to end the ‘souveniring’ of cutlery... All crests will be removed from the cutlery in some of the visitors' cafeterias. |