| 释义 |
‖ spatula|ˈspætjʊlə|
[L. spatula, var. of spathula spathula, dim. of spatha spatha. Cf. Sp. espatula, It. spatola.
The erroneous form spattular occurs in Topsell Four-f. Beasts (1607) 511. For Anglicized forms see spatule, spatul, spattle n.2, spartle n., also (with change of ending) spature and spatter n.1]
1. A simple implement of wood, ivory, or metal, having a flat elongated form with various modifications of shape and size, used for a variety of purposes:
a. For stirring mixtures (esp. of a medical nature), spreading ointments or plasters, etc.
1525tr. Jerome of Brunswick's Surg. C iv/2 Take a spatula & styrre all these togeder. 1599A. M. tr. Gabelhouer's Bk. Physicke 45/1 Reverberate the same dilligentlye with the spatula, and it will be the better. 1639T. de la Grey Expert Farrier 305 Laid on a spatula plaister-wise. 1669W. Simpson Hydrol. Chym. 187 Over which fume..we directly plac'd a spatula. 1683Pettus Fleta Min. i. (1686) 162 Stir it about continually with a wooden spatula. 1718Quincy Compl. Disp. 15 We many times stir the Body that is to be calcin'd with a Spatula, or else mix it with something else. 1799G. Smith Laboratory I. 40 Take some cotton, and with a spatula..work that, the nitre and the brandy together. 1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 382 Being stirred with a spatula till the whole becomes incorporated. 1837Flemish Husb. 61 in L.U.K. III, The butter..is well washed and worked with..a kind of spatula or flat spoon. 1873Spon Workshop Rec. Ser. i. 18/1 The mixture is removed from the stone by a spatula.
b. For minor surgical operations or for the medical examination of certain organs.
1684tr. Bonet's Merc. Compit. ii. 45 This Scab..hath fallen off, by the help onely of a Spatula. 1694Phil. Trans. XVIII. 220 With a small Spatula..she pick'd out five or six Worms at a time. 1755Gentl. Mag. XXV. 39 The tongue..must be loosened with a spatula. 1803Med. Jrnl. X. 330 He ordered the patient to take in his mouth a silver spatula, to which the conducting chain had been adapted. 1853Lowell Lett. (1894) I. iii. 222 There is no spatula with which you can hold the Public's tongue while you force things down their throat. 1879T. Bryant Pract. Surg. II. 5 This is best done by introducing the little finger or a spatula into the nostril.
c. For technical operations of various kinds.
1842Loudon Suburban Hort. 306 The strip of bark..being raised up..by the spatula of the budding-knife. 1865Lubbock Preh. Times xi. 358 The pottery was all made by women. Their tools were very simple, consisting of..a flat mallet or spatula for the surface [etc.]. 1883Harper's Mag. Oct. 775 The few..tools of the craft—chisel, hammer, spatula—lay in various places. 1887D. Maguire Art Massage ii. (ed. 4) 22 We give this name [i.e. palette] to a kind of spatula in the shape of a battledoor with a long handle.
2. A ferule. rare—1.
1830A. E. Bray Fitz of Fitz-ford iii. (1884) 29 A large birchen rod,..and a wooden spatula, to inflict punishment on the hand.
3. Ornith. The roseate spoonbill.
1872Routledge's Every Boy's Annual 138 The rose-coloured spatula, a bird that frequents lakes and rivers [in America], and lives on fish.
4. attrib., as spatula-hand, spatula-hook; † spatula-bird, a spoonbill.
1750London Mag. May 224/2 As to the Spatula-bird,..it is a kind of water fowl, of the goose or duck kind. 1861Pearson Early & Mid. Ages vii. 66 The spatula hand..is rather that of a mechanician than an artist. 1895Arnold & Sons' Catal. Surg. Instrum. 145 Spatula Hook.., in ivory handle.
5. Comb., as spatula-like, spatula-shaped.
1796Withering Brit. Plants (ed. 3) IV. 100 The spatula-shaped leaves appear at the end of these branches. 1826Kirby & Sp. Entomol. IV. xlvi. 263 Spatulate,..spatula-shaped. Broader and rounded at the apex, linear and narrow at the base. 1834McMurtrie Cuvier's Anim. Kingd. 150 Their bill..becoming widened and flattened..so as to form a spatula-like disk. 1880I. L. Bird Japan II. 93 A spatula-shaped shuttle of engraved wood. |