| 释义 |
▪ I. covering, vbl. n.1|ˈkʌvərɪŋ|
1. The action of the vb. cover, in various senses.
c1400Mandeville (1839) xxiii. 252 In gode love scholde be no coverynge. 1428E.E. Wills (1882) 80 To the keuering of the trinite schapell. 1552Huloet, Couerynge, horsynge or leapynge of a mare. 1607Hieron Wks. I. 152 The hiding and couering of mine owne actions. a1722Lisle Husb. 36 Covering is when the lime is first laid on the land..and so covered over with earth. 1812Examiner 28 Sept. 612/2 The division of Foy..was charged with the covering of the retrograde movement. 1849Youatt Horse 319 From the time of covering, to within a few days of the expected period of foaling. 1859F. A. Griffiths Artil. Man. (ed. 9) 155 The subaltern officers correct the covering and dressing.
2. concr.
a. That which covers or is adapted to cover, whether for protection, shelter, concealment, or adornment; a cover; a cloth to spread over; clothing; the outer coating or integument.
1375Barbour Bruce xvii. 343 Scaffatis, ledderis, and coueryngis. 1382Wyclif 2 Sam. xvii. 19 A womman..strauȝte out a couerynge vpon the mouth of the pit. c1400Lanfranc's Cirurg. 346 Medicyns þat..makiþ a rynde aboue upon þe fleisch & makiþ a strong keveryng for to defende þe fleisch fro harm. 1413Lydg. Pilgr. Sowle iv. xxxvii. (1483) 84 Norysshyng to the body within and koueryng withoute. 1530Palsgr. 210/1 Coveryng of a sadell, hovsse. 1566in E. Peacock Eng. Ch. Furn. (1866) 54 An alb—whearof is made a coveringe for our font. 1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. ii. (1586) 70 b, Trees and Wooddes..at the first served men for foode, coveryng, and clothing. 1611Bible Job xxii. 14 Thicke cloudes are a couering to him that he seeth not. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. I. 48 The whole earth..was buried beneath a covering of waters. 1828Scott F.M. Perth xxx, There was neither cloak nor covering for the Prince. 1846J. Baxter Libr. Pract. Agric. I. 106 The covering or capsule, when the seeds become ripe, opens at the top. 1854Brewster More Worlds iii. 40 The geologist..finds its solid covering composed of rocks. 1874L. Tollemache in Fortn. Rev. Feb. 226 A convenient covering, from behind which he may direct his own shafts with impunity.
†b. spec. The roof of a building; a canopy; a bed-cover; the cover of a book. Obs.
1398Trevisa Barth. De P.R. xvii. clxvii. (1495) 711 Trees areryd..vp to the toppe of the house..beeryth vp the coueryng therof. 1459Paston Lett. No. 336 I. 482 Item, j payre of schetys..Item, j coveryng of whyte lynen clothe. 1480Caxton Chron. Eng. clxi. 144 The stretes were couerd ouer his hede..with ryche couerynge. 1483Cath. Angl. 78 Couerynge of a buke, coopertorium. 1526Pilgr. Perf. (W. de W. 1531) 186 b, The foundacyon may be without the couerynge of the hous. 1558Invent. in Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees) 170 A payre of lin sheits & a old coueringe. 1630R. Johnson's Kingd. & Commw. 238 The tops and coverings of houses. 1681S. Colvil Whigs Supplic. (1751) 58 We sold covering, sheet, and blanket.
†c. A lid. Obs.
1479Bury Wills (Camden) 54 A pece of syluer wt a curyng of syluyr haueyng a knoppe aboue. c1540Pilgr. T. 83 in Thynne Animadv. App. 79 With keuering of his cupe. 1633P. Fletcher Purple Isl. ii. xxxv. 25 Like to a pot..with close-laid covering.
3. Comb. [here the vbl. n. and ppl. a. often blend], as covering-fire, covering-hurdle, covering-party [cover v.1 8 b], covering-plate, covering-time; covering purchase [cover v.1 18]; covering-board, a plank which is fitted round the ship, covering the tops of all the timbers; = planeshear; covering power, (a) = coverage f; (b) (see quot. 1904); † covering-seeds, comfits made by coating seeds with sugar; covering-stone, the top stone of a cromlech or the like; covering-strap, in iron ships, a plate beneath the two meeting-plates in a strake, to which these are riveted, and thus connected together.
1846A. Young Naut. Dict., *Covering-board, the same as plank-sheer. 1881Daily Tel. 28 Jan., I..noticed how close the water washed up against the covering-board.
1897Daily News 28 Sept. 5/4 The enemy at once returned to the attack, but the *covering fire of the British troops kept them at bay. 1964T. White tr. P. Leulliette's St. Michael 164 It was..hopeless to try to give covering fire with L.M.G.s or ordinary machine-guns aimed at the entries to the caves.
1832J. Bree St. Herbert's Isle 122 The Britons are said to have used a *covering-hurdle in battle.
1812*Covering party [see sap n.3 2]. 1915A. D. Gillespie Let. Flanders 24 May (1916) 168 Clark took out a covering party to make a diversion on this side.
1651–7T. Barker Art of Angling (1820) 14 Put into the pan, and covered with a *covering plate.
1895J. A. Hodges Photogr. Lenses iii. xix. 116 Testing for *Covering Power.—Lenses are advertised..to cover certain sized plates. 1898W. Pearce Painting & Decorating v. 83 For a large amount of indoor painting, where covering power was required to produce a certain effect. 1903Beck & Andrews Photogr. Lenses i. 13 There will always be a certain area of sharp definition, and the size of this area describes the covering power of the lens. 1904Goodchild & Tweney Technol. & Sci. Dict. 135/2 Covering power of pigments..refers to the extent of surface a pigment will cover, or the superficial area over which it will spread when thinned to a consistency suitable for being applied with a brush. 1953Gloss. Paint Terms (B.S.I.) 11 Covering power. The use of this term has given rise to confusion of thought as between the act of ‘spreading out’ and ‘covering up’ (or hiding) respectively. It is consequently falling into disuse and being replaced by the terms ‘Spreading capacity’ and ‘Hiding power’ respectively.
1928Daily Mail 25 July 13/4 Movements during the early part of the afternoon reflected local *covering purchases.
16..Rich Closet of Rarities (N.), To make each sort of comfits, vulgarly called *covering-seeds, etc., with sugar.
1827G. Higgins Celtic Druids 218 In order to get the *covering-stone the easier into its place.
1786Sportsm. Dict. s.v. Stallion, Let there be likewise a rack and manger, to feed him in during his *covering-time.
▪ II. † ˈcovering, vbl. n.2 Obs.
[f. cover v.2 + -ing1.]
Recovering, recovery.
c1230Hali Meid. 11 Hit is an lure þat is wiðute coueringe. a1300Cursor M. 12266 (Cott.) All had couering þat was in wa. c1320Cast. Love 572 No mon nedde of him-self a couryng. 1375Barbour Bruce ix. 113 Swa seik wes the king That men doutit of his coueryng. c1450Lonelich Grail li. 356 Keuering of myn grete maladye.
▪ III. ˈcovering, ppl. a.
[f. cover v.1 + -ing2.]
That covers: see the vb. covering-leaves (see quot.). covering letter: a letter enclosing another letter or document; an explanatory letter. covering price: an inclusive price.
1535Coverdale Ezek. xxviii. 14 Thou coueringe Cherub. 1611Shakes. Cymb. v. v. 350 These couering Heauens. 1611Bible Num. iv. 5 They shall take downe the couering Vaile. 1790Beatson Nav. & Mil. Mem. I. 323 Orders were given for the covering and working parties..to return to camp. 1833Regul. Instr. Cavalry i. 36 The covering sergeants move up to the front rank. 1877Bennett tr. Thomês Bot. iv. 86 Covering-leaves are so called because they cover or protect other parts of the plant. In this class are included the bud-scales already described and the bracts or hypsophyllary leaves. 1881H. H. Gibbs Double Stand. 28, 30s. per piece is a covering price. 1887Pall Mall G. 20 Jan. 14/1 Addresses..must be written legibly on the back of the designs, and not on covering letters. 1892Edin. Rev. Jan. 189 The petition, with Rodney's covering letter..are..at the Record Office. |