| 释义 |
speckled, (ppl.) a. and pa. pple.|ˈspɛk(ə)ld|
Also 5 spac-, spaklyd, spekelede, spekeld, specled, 6 spekeled, speckelde, 7 speckeld.
[Corresponds to MDu. and WFlem. spekelde adj. and gespekeld (Du. gespikkeld) pa. pple. See speckle n.]
Covered, dotted, or marked with (numerous) speckles or specks; variegated or flecked with spots of a different colour from that of the main body; spotted.
1. a. In predicative use.
a1400Stockholm Med. MS. ii. 658 in Anglia XVIII. 323 His stalke is..Lyke nedderis hyde spaclyd amonge. c1400Mandeville (Roxb.) xxxi. 143 Þai bene of dyuerse coloures, as rayed, rede, grene and ȝalowe,..and all spekelede. c1440Promp. Parv. 467/1 Spaklyd, scutulatus. 1570Levins Manip. 49 Speckled, maculosus. 1612T. Taylor Comm. Titus i. 15 He is no better than a leper in Gods eies,..outwardly spotted and speckled like the leopard. 1638Junius Paint. Ancients 138 To have their..Pigeons speckled and painted after their own phantasie. a1700Evelyn Diary 7 May 1662, He drawing it [his arm] oute we found it all speckled. 1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) V. 265 She usually lays but one [egg], which is speckled. 1796H. Hunter tr. St.-Pierre's Stud. Nat. (1799) I. 579 They are thus speckled, I admit, only on one side. 1861Paley æschylus (ed. 2) Agam. 383 note, If unskilfully mixed it turns quite black externally, and is liable to become dim and speckled after being polished. 1965Jrnl. Optical Soc. Amer. LV. 247 When a diffuse surface is illuminated by a coherent monochromatic source such as a laser, the illuminated area appears speckled. 1978Pasachoff & Kutner University Astron. ii. vi. 148 At any one instant, the image of a star through a large telescope looks speckled because different parts of the image are affected by different small turbulent areas in the earth's atmosphere.
fig.1614T. Adams Divell's Banket 25 The Conscience growes more speckled by them, till men become not only spotted, but spots.
b. Const. with something, esp. of a colour different from that of the main surface or material.
1483Caxton Gold. Leg. 353/1 In the sayd welle appiere yet stones bespryncte and specled as it were with blood. a1548Hall Chron., Hen. IV, 12 Some had the mainferres..dropped and gutted with red and other had them spekeled with grene. 1578Lyte Dodoens 203 Two leaves, speckled with great redde spottes. 1653W. Ramesey Astrol. Restored 57 The Heliotropion, is in colour green like a Jasper, speckled with red. 1735Johnson Lobo's Abyssinia Descr. xii. 114 These Serpents..have..their bellies speckled with Brown, Black, and Yellow. 1794Mrs. Radcliffe Myst. Udolpho xxxiv, Its luxuriant plain..speckled with gardens and magnificent villas. 1825Scott Betrothed x, As she beheld that the trophies were speckled with blood. 1891Science-Gossip XXVII. 23 With a dark zone of different shades of brown and black round the small end and speckled with the same colours on the other part.
2. In attrib. use.
a. Of animals, their skin, parts, etc. speckled beauty, a fine trout.
1482Trevisa's Higden (Caxton) ii. xi. 86 Alle the spekeld lammes and kyddes. a1547Surrey æneid ii. B iv, The adder..Rered for wrath swelling her speckled neck. 1583B. Melbancke Philotimus F iv b, A foxe though he haue not so gawdye a skin as the Leopard, hath more wit then the speckled foole. 1590Spenser F.Q. i. i. 17 She..turning fierce, her speckled taile aduaunst. 1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 5 [Sharks] are alwayes directed by a little speckled fish, called a pilot fish. 1675Hobbes Odyssey (1677) 166 A goatskin..Of which a speckeld wild goat had been flaid. 1735Somerville Chase i. 247 His Ears and Legs Fleckt here and there, in gay enamell'd Pride Rival the speckled Pard. 1789E. Darwin Bot. Gard. ii. (1791) 109 Two serpent forms..ploughed their foamy way with speckled breasts. 1832Lytton Eugene A. i. v, The speckled trout, fresh from the stream. 1859Geo. Eliot A. Bede i, A clean old woman..talking to some speckled fowls. 1873G. C. Davies Mount. & Mere xiv. 112 In the mean time I had landed two speckled beauties.
transf.1598Sylvester Du Bartas ii. i. iii. Furies 217 How many loathsome swarms Of speckled poysons..in close Ambush lurk. 1697Dryden Virg. Georg. iii. 663 A Snake..renew'd in all the speckl'd Pride Of pompous Youth. c1760Smollett Ode Leven-Water 13 The springing trout in speckled pride.
b. Of flowers, stone, cloth, garments, etc.
1577B. Googe Heresbach's Husb. iv. (1586) 191 b, Veronica..beareth a leafe like the Blackthorne, with a blewish speckled flowre. 1599Hakluyt Voy. II. 211 Ouer the body they haue built a tombe of speckled stone. 1648Hexham ii, Gespickelt laken, Speckled or Spotted cloath. 1682Lond. Gaz. No. 1757/4 A dark-colour'd Stuff Riding-Coat,..and speckled Stockings. 1708Sewel ii, Spekkige boter of kaas, speckled butter or cheese. 1843J. E. Portlock Geology 525 The cavities are lined with green earth, and, from their number and minuteness, give a very speckled appearance to the mass. 1887Besant The World Went ii. 15 He wore a common speckled shirt like the watermen's children.
c. fig. Of sin, vice, etc.: Characterized by, full of, moral blemishes or defects.
1603Dekker & Chettle Grissil (Shaks. Soc.) 8 Before my soul look black with speckled sin My hands shall make me pale death's underling. 1608Day Law Trickes i. i, Her credit is more foule Than speckled scandall or black murders soule. 1629Milton Hymn Nativ. xiv, And speckl'd vanity Will sicken soon and die. 1664Duchess of Newcastle Sociable Lett. xv, Being unspotted, and free from that speckled Vice.
d. colloq. Of a mixed character or nature; motley.
1845S. Judd Margaret i. x, It was a singularly freaked and speckled group. 1909Daily Chron. 16 Dec. 7/1 They are certainly not all desirable, taken separately. It must be owned that they are usually a speckled lot.
3. a. In the specific names of birds, fishes, animals, etc. (see quots. and the ns.).
A number of moth names are given in Rennie Consp. Butterfl. & Moths (1832).
(a)
1888Trumbull Names Birds 11 American White-fronted goose,..Laughing goose,..known in various parts of the West as Prairie Brant, *Speckled Belly, and *Speckled Brant.
1781Latham Gen. Synop. Birds I. i. 97 *Speckled Buzzard,..in shape like our common Buzzard.
1884Coues N. Amer. Birds 276 Catherpes mexicanus conspersus, *Speckled Cañon Wren.
1678Ray Willughby's Ornith. iii. 341 The greatest *speckled Diver or Loon: Colymbus maximus caudatus. 1785Latham Gen. Synop. Birds III. ii. 341 Speckled Diver, Colymbus stellatus. 1894Heslop Northumbld. Words, Speckled-Diver, the young of the red-throated diver, Colymbus septentrionalis.
1815Stephens in Shaw's Gen. Zool. IX. ii. 438 *Speckled Finch (Fringilla bononiensis).
1785Latham Gen. Synop. Birds III. i. 266 *Speckled Gallinule..frequents the marshes of Germany.
1678Ray Willughby's Ornith. iii. 283 The greater *speckled or red Heron of Aldrovand.
1785Latham Gen. Synop. Birds III. ii. 341 Greatest *speckled Loon... This bird is pretty frequent in England.
1772Phil. Trans. LXII. 383 *Speckled Partridge Hawk, at Hudson's Bay. The name is derived from its feeding on the birds of the Grous tribe, commonly called partridges, at Hudson's Bay.
1668Charleton Onomast. 78 Passeres Maculatus,..the *speckled Sparrow, with a yellow tail. 1783Latham Gen. Synop. Birds II. i. 255 Speckled Sparrow... Back, and rump, black, white, and yellowish, mixed.
Ibid. 87 *Speckled Thrush,..speckled with small numerous brown spots.
(b)
1836Yarrell Brit. Fishes II. 164 The *Speckled Cod is frequently taken in the weirs at Swansea. 1881Day Fishes Gt. Brit. I. 278 Turton's ‘speckled cod’ may have been so coloured due to disease.
1804Shaw Gen. Zool. V. ii. 417 *Speckled File-fish, Balistes Punctatus.
1884Goode Nat. Hist. Aquat. Anim. 263 *Speckled Garrupa (Sebastichthys nebulosus).
1863Couch Brit. Fishes II. 170 *Speckled Goby (Gobius reticulatus, Cuvier)..is known in the Mediterranean.
1877C. Hallock Sportsman's Gazetteer 276 Locally they are..severally known as yellow perch,..*speckled hen, etc. 1888Goode Amer. Fishes 56 ‘Marsh Bass’..and ‘Speckled Hen’ are other names applied to one or both species [of bass].
1672*Speckled Hound-fish [see hound-fish 2].
1876Goode Fishes Bermudas 72 Gymnothorax moringa, *Speckled Maray. 1884[see moray].
1877C. Hallock Sportsman's Gazetteer 378 Silver Perch, or *Speckled Perch. 1888Goode Amer. Fishes 71 Pomoxys annularis..has other names of local application as..‘Goggle Eye’, ‘Speckled Perch’.
1882Jordan & Gilbert Syn. Fishes N. Amer. 320 Salvelinus fontinalis, Brook Trout; *Speckled Trout. 1884Goode Nat. Hist. Aquat. Anim. 504 The Dolly Varden Trout, Salvelinus malma,..is known in the mountains as ‘Lake Trout’, ‘Bull Trout’, ‘Speckled Trout’.
1804Shaw Gen. Zool. V. ii. 428 *Speckled Trunk-Fish, Ostracion Meleagris.
(c)
1797Encycl. Brit. (ed. 3) IV. 306/2 The Axis, or *Speckled Deer, has slender trifurcated horns.
c1880Cassell's Nat. Hist. IV. 253 China yields the *Speckled Emys.
1802Shaw Gen. Zool. III. ii. 581 *Speckled Slow-Worm, Anguis Meleagris;..nearly allied to the common Slow-Worm.
Ibid. i. 30 Testudo Europæa... The *speckled Tortoise is of rather small size. 1831Griffith tr. Cuvier IX. 11 The Speckled Tortoise, Testudo Europæa.
1884Goode Nat. Hist. Aquat. Anim. 158 The ‘Spotted Tortoise’ or ‘*Speckled Turtle’, Chelopus guttatus.
b. speckled wood, (a) a variety of wood having speckled markings; esp. the South American snake-wood or letter-wood, Brosimum Aubletii; (b) a brown butterfly with yellowish spots, Pararge egeria, found in lightly shaded places in Britain, much of continental Europe, and North Africa. Also speckled osier (see quot. 1885).
1656Act Commw. c. 20 Rates (1658) 476 Log-wood... Speckled-wood. 1663Gerbier Counsel Builders (1664) 109 What extent of Land about Surrenam is beset with speckled wood. 1703W. Dampier Voy. III. i. 55 Here are Dye-woods, as Fustick, &c. with Woods for other uses, as speckled Wood, Brazil, &c. 1766M. Harris Aurelian 132 Speckled wood... It flies in woods. The caterpillar feeds on grass. 1796Morse Amer. Geog. I. 745 A beautiful piece of speckled wood, made use of in cabinet work. 1843Holtzapffel Turning I. 106 Snake wood, Letter or Speckled wood, is used at Demerara, Surinam, and along the banks of the Orinoko, for the bows of the Indians. 1885C. G. W. Lock Workshop Rec. Ser. iv. 277/1 The best variety [of the Salix viminalis] is known under several names, as..the..blotched osier, and speckled osier. 1974[see meadow brown (butterfly) s.v. meadow n. 4 b].
c. speckled yellows, a disease of sugar beet characterized by distorted and discoloured leaves, caused by a deficiency of manganese.
1938Brit. Sugar Beet Rev. XII. 77/2 Fields affected with ‘Speckled Yellows’ can be recognised from a considerable distance. 1959New Biol. XXX. 91 Diseases such as ‘grey speck’ of oats, ‘speckled yellows’ of sugar beet and ‘marsh spot’ of peas are caused by the low availability of manganese in the soil. 1960Farmer & Stockbreeder 15 Mar. 149/2 (caption) Sugar Beet leaf—illustrating deficiency of manganese (‘speckled yellows’).
4. Comb., as speckled-faced, speckled-tailed adjs.
1884Coues N. Amer. Birds 278 Thryothorus bewicki spilurus, Speckled-tailed Wren. 1884Daily News 10 Dec. 3/1 The black or speckled-faced class [of sheep]. 1886Pall Mall G. 7 Dec. 10/2 Fat wether sheep, of any blackfaced or speckledfaced mountain breed.
Hence ˈspeckledness, the state of being speckled; spottiness.
1611Cotgr., Haglure, the maile (or speckledness) of the coat of a hawke. 1665Hooke Microgr. 200 The speckledness of his shell. 1727Bailey (vol. II), Speckledness, Spottedness. |