| 释义 |
▪ I. crewel, n.1|ˈkruːəl|
Forms: 5–6 crule, 6 crewle, crulle, cruele, croole, croylle, (crue, crewe), 6–7 crewell, 6–8 cruel(l, 7– crewel.
[Of obscure origin: app. the earliest forms were monosyllabic, crule, crewle, croole, some of which are still dialectal.
Connexion with crull, s.w. dial. form of curl, or its Du. cognate krul a curl, krullen to curl, has been suggested; but the vowel sounds do not agree.]
1. A thin worsted yarn, (according to Bailey) of two threads, used for tapestry and embroidery; also formerly for making fringes, laces, vestments, hosiery, etc.
These yarns, being produced in different colours and used in combination in the making of one article, are often spoken of in the plural. The name is also applied to the balls or bobbins on which the yarn is wound up for use. The name appears to have become obsolete about 1800, except in dialects, and to have been reintroduced to general use about 1860 in connexion with crewel-work, q.v.
1494in Rogers Agric. & Prices 560/2, 11 oz. Crule. 1496Ibid. /4, 3 lbs. Crule of different colours. 1502Privy Purse Exp. Eliz. York (1830) 83 Itm for blake crewle to purfulle the rosys vj d. 1553Inv. Ch. Goods in Ann. Litchfield IV. 38, ij coopes, on of redd silke, thother of cheked crulle. c1555Inv. in H. Hall Eliz. Soc. (1887) 150 A lytle stoole covered withe Nedle worcke checkerid wth white, blewe, & tawnye cruell. 1567Wills & Inv. N.C. (Surtees) 250, ij longe guishings of croole wrowght wth the nedle, & a carpett clothe that is in workinge with crooles for the same. 1571Ibid. 364, viij lbs. of sewing crewle. 1625Fletcher Noble Gent. v. i, An old hat..and on it for a band A skeine of crimson cruell. 1653Walton Angler 115 A May-flie, you may make his body with greenish coloured crewel. 1755Johnson, Crewel, yarn twisted and wound on a knot or ball. c1750in H. Walpole Vertue's Anecd. Paint. (1789) IV. 144 While crewel o'er the canvass drawn Became a river or a lawn. 1787Mrs. Trimmer Œcon. Charity 79 Binders herring-boned with coloured Cruel. 1855Robinson Whitby Gloss., Crules worsted of all-colours for fancy needle-work. 1858Simmons Dict. Trade, Crewel, worsted twisted in knots, and sold for tapestry, and embroidery work; now called Berlin wool. 1865Cornh. Mag. Feb. 216 In rising to receive him, she threw down her basket of crewels.
(β) The forms crewe, crue occur: perh. as scribal errors.
1552–3Inv. Ch. Goods in Ann. Litchfield IV. 10 In this chapell a vestement of grenne crewe, a vestement of redd crue, a cope of grenne crue. Ibid. 41 Vestements of crewe.
2. Short for crewel-work.
Mod. You might do it in crewel.
3. attrib.
†a. Made of crewel. Obs. or dial.
1550–1600[see caddis1 2 b]. 1596Nashe Saffron Walden 10 To buy him cruel strings to his bookes. 1599Porter Angry Wom. Abingd. in Hazl. Dodsley VII. 286 He will have His cruel garters cross about the knee. 1605Shakes. Lear ii. iv. 7. 1633 Shirley Bird in Cage iv. ii, I speak the prologue to our mixed audience of silk and crewel gentlemen in the hangings [i.e. the tapestry figures]. 1867F. Francis Angling i. (1880) 42 A yellow crewel body with red hackle and dun turkey wing.
b. Pertaining to or embroidered with crewel-work: crewel yarn = sense 1.
1598Florio Worlde of Wordes 260/3 Passamano d'accia, statute lace, crewell lace. 1880L. Higgin Handbk. Embroidery iii. 19 ‘Stem stitch’ (wrongly called also, ‘crewel stitch’, as it has no claim to being used exclusively in crewel embroidery). 1882M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal II. iv. 58 Throwing back his dark head upon a crewel anti-macassar. 1887Daily News 21 Nov. 2/7 There is a moderate business doing..in knitting and crewel yarns.
Hence ˈcrewel v. trans. (dial.) to ornament with crewel-work embroidery: see also quot. 1869. ˈcrewelist, one who works crewel-work. ˈcrewellery, crewel-work collectively. (All recent.)
1869Lonsdale Gloss., Crewel, to cover a ball or other object with particoloured worsted worked in a peculiar manner. 1876Mid. Yorksh. Gloss., Creal, to wind twine, or anything of the kind, is to creal it..The process of doing samplers, or other worsted needle-work, is spoken of as crealing. 1881Standard 16 July 5/2 She was unable to dispose of her crewellery, her fans. 1880Daily Tel., Wanted a good crewelist.
▪ II. crewel2, cruel
A local name of the Cowslip in Devon and Somerset.
1847–78in Halliwell.
▪ III. crewel
obs. form of cruel. |