| 释义 |
▪ I. abrupt, a. and n.|əˈbrʌpt|
[ad. L. abrupt-us broken off, precipitous, disconnected, pa. pple. of abrump-ĕre, f. ab off + rump-ĕre to break.]
A. adj.
1. Broken away (from restraint). Obs.
1583Stubbes Anat. Abuses (1877) 23 There is not a people more abrupte, wicked, or perverse, liuing upon the face of the Earth.
2. Broken off, terminating in a break. ? Obs.
1607Topsell Serpents (1653) 603 The voyce of Serpents..differeth from all other Beasts hissing, in the length thereof: for the hissing of a Tortoise is shorter and more abrupt. 1611Speed Hist. Brit. iii. xxxix. §5. 344 The Circle of their liues are oftentimes abrupt before it be drawn to the full round. 1634Chillingworth Charity by Cath. i. ii. §9 Of Ecclesiastes he (Luther) saith, ‘This book is not full, there are in it many abrupt things.’ 1753Chambers Cycl. Suppl. s.v. Amianthus, The bodies of it are flexile and elastic, and composed of short and abrupt filaments.
3. a. Characterized by sudden interruption or change; unannounced and unexpected; sudden, hasty.
1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, ii. iii. 30 My lady craues, To know the cause of your abrupt departure? a1725Pope Odyssey i. 413 Abrupt, with eagle speed she cut the sky, Instant invisible to mortal eye. 1834H. Miller Sc. & Leg. (1857) xxviii. 420 The motions of the vessel were so fearfully abrupt and violent. 1871Browning Balaustion 2135 Nor, of that harsh, abrupt resolve of thine, Any relenting is there!
b. Of literary style: Passing suddenly from thought to thought or phrase to phrase.
1636B. Jonson Discovery (J.) The abrupt stile, which hath many breaches, and doth not seem to end but fall. 1763J. Brown Poetry & Music §5. 84 His [æschylus'] Imagery and Sentiments are great; his Style rugged and abrupt. 1877Sparrow Serm. vii. 93 In short, he is abrupt, in order to awake attention, and give it a right direction.
4. Precipitous, steep.
1618Bolton Florus ii. xii. 126 [He] walled Macedonia every where in..by planting Castles in abrupt places. 1726Thomson Winter 99 Tumbling thro' rocks abrupt, and sounding far. 1823Rutter Fonthill 2 Across this valley is an abrupt ridge. c1854Stanley Sinai & Palest. (1858) iii. 167, I do not mean that the ravines of Jerusalem are so deep and abrupt as those of Luxembourg.
5. a. Bot. Coming to a sudden termination; not tapering off, truncated. b. Geol. Of strata: Suddenly cropping out and presenting their edges.
1833Lyell Princ. Geol. III. 197 The Meerfelder Maar is a cavity of far greater size..the sides presenting some abrupt sections of inclined secondary rocks. 1854Balfour Bot. 395 The Tulip-tree, remarkable for its abrupt or truncated leaves.
B. n. An abrupt place; a precipice, chasm, or abyss.
1667Milton P.L. ii. 409 Upborn with indefatigable wings Over the vast abrupt, ere he arrive The happy Ile. 1735Thomson Liberty i. 314 Whole stately Cities in the dark Abrupt Swallow'd at once. Ibid. iii. 525 When the whole loaded Heaven Descends in Snow, lost in one white Abrupt. 1887W. C. Russell Frozen Pirate I. vi. 73 It was like the face of a cliff, a sheer abrupt.
▪ II. aˈbrupt, v.|əˈbrʌpt|
[f. prec., or on analogy of vbs. so formed. Cf. cor-rupt, dis-rupt.]
To break off, sever; to interrupt suddenly.
1643Sir T. Browne Relig. Med. (1656) i. §13 Buzzing thy praises which shal never die, Till death abrupts them. 1646― Pseud. Ep. 323 The effects of whose activity are not precipitously abrupted, but gradually proceed to their cessations. 1682― Chr. Morals (1756) 100 The insecurity of their enjoyments abrupteth our tranquillities. 1819Blackw. Mag. V. 737/2 This gas obtains in greatest abundance in the vicinity of dykes which abrupt the coal. 1949‘M. Innes’ Journeying Boy xi. 130 But to abrupt his journey in a strange town..was a procedure..unnecessarily drastic. 1958Observer 29 June 15/6 The film version of ‘The Brothers Karamazov’..does not deliberately distort the novel or abrupt it. |