| 释义 |
Cromerian, a. and n.|krəʊˈmɪərɪən|
[f. prec. + -ian.]
A. adj.
1. Geol. and Palæont.
a. Epithet of the Cromer Forest Bed series (see prec.); hence, of, pertaining to, or characteristic of this series.
1900F. W. Harmer in Q. Jrnl. Geol. Soc. LVI. 725 The so-called Forest-bed Series of the Cromer and Kessingland coasts..may be known as Cromerian. 1925A. Keith Antiquity of Man (ed. 2) I. xv. 304 The Cromerian beds tell us of the mild climate of the last phase of the Pliocene period. 1931Discovery Mar. 85/1 The Cromerian flora is practically the same as that in East Anglia to-day. 1964[see 1 b].
b. Epithet of a stage (and the corresponding age) in the Lower Pleistocene, and also of the first (antepenultimate) interglacial in Britain (generally identified with the Günz–Mindel Interglacial of Europe); hence, of or contemporaneous with this stage or interglacial.
1922Osborn & Reeds in Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. XXXIII. 431 Certain surviving marine deposits of the north of Europe may be correlated with those of the Mediterranean, as follows: 1. Sicilian Stage of the Mediterranean = Cromerian Stage of the North Sea basin and Baltic. Ibid., Along the German–Baltic coast Depéret recognizes marine faunal beds of Sicilian–Cromerian age. 1956R. G. West et al. in Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B. CCXXXIX. 344 The Cromer Forest Bed or Cromerian Interglacial is considered to be equivalent to the..Günz/Mindel Interglacial of Europe. 1964K. P. Oakley Frameworks for dating Fossil Man i. 109 In China the industry of Peking Man is associated with a fauna which was for long identified as Cromerian, whereas new evidence indicated that it is of Mindel II age... It is therefore most important to distinguish between a horizon of Cromerian age (i.e. dating from the Günz–Mindel Interglacial) and one containing elements of Cromerian fauna. 1967D. H. Rayner Stratigr. Brit. Isles xii. 378 The Cromerian stage refers to the Cromer Forest Bed and associated sediments of north Norfolk. 1968R. G. West Pleistocene Geol. & Biol. xiii. 305 Compared with the succeeding interglacials the Cromerian vegetational history is distinct in the absence or scarcity of Hippophaë in the late-glacial zone. 1969Proc. Geol. Soc. Lond. Aug. 152 It is recommended that for the Pleistocene and Holocene of the British Isles the following ages/stages be adopted as a regional scale... Pleistocene:..Anglian, Cromerian, Beestonian [etc.].
2. Archæol. Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of an ancient culture or people formerly supposed to be represented by remains (now not generally held to be artefacts) found in some Pliocene deposits near Cromer.
1922Osborn & Reeds in Bull. Geol. Soc. Amer. XXXIII. 424 Beneath the Forest Bed there has been discovered recently by J. Reid Moir a bed of giant flints of human manufacture, an industry which may be termed Cromerian. 1934L. S. B. Leakey Adam's Ancestors v. 98 (caption) Two sides of a Cromerian flake tool. 1946F. E. Zeuner Dating Past vi. 185 The Cromerian industry..is particularly well-known from the so-called ‘foreshore site’, a flint spread exposed at low-water. 1964K. P. Oakley Frameworks for dating Fossil Man ii. vi. 219 All these flakes are in a highly battered condition. They have been compared with the very dubious ‘Cromerian industry’ in Britain.
B. n.
1. Archæol. One of the ‘Cromerian’ people.
1921J. R. Moir in Jrnl. R. Anthrop. Inst. LI. 387 These large flint masses represent the cores from which the ancient Cromerians obtained the raw material in the manufacture of their artefacts. 1925A. Keith Antiquity of Man (ed. 2) I. xv. 305 In 1920, Mr Moir discovered a ‘working floor’, a site used for the knapping of flint implements by early Cromerians.
2. Geol. The Cromerian stage or age or the Cromerian interglacial.
1957J. K. Charlesworth Quaternary Era II. xxix. 598 In East Anglia, by referring the Cromerian to the Pliocene and at the same time to an interglacial epoch, as is commonly done.., the glacial beginnings are thrust into the earlier horizons. Ibid. xxxii. 692 The Cromerian saw the European facies fully established. 1968R. G. West Pleistocene Geol. & Biol. xiii. 305 The flora is very similar to that of the Cromerian in its paucity of exotic genera. |