| 释义 |
spiny, a.|ˈspaɪnɪ|
Also 6 spyny, 6–7 spinie, 7 spynie, 7–9 spiney.
[f. spine n.1 + -y.]
1. a. Having the characteristics of a thorn or thorns; resembling a thorn in form or qualities.
1586Kyd Verses Praise & Joy 1 Mongst spyny cares sprong vp now at the last. 1615G. Sandys Trav. 223 Psiloriti: from whose lofty and spiny top both seas may be discerned. 1663Cowley Cutter Coleman St. Pref., And so much for this little spiny objection which a man cannot see without a Magnifying Glass.
b. Thin and hard or dry; spare, lean.
Common in the first half of the 17th cent.
1598Florio, Smilzo, bare, spinie, gant, leane, lanke. 1608Middleton Mad World iii. ii, A little, short, old spiny gentleman. 1621G. Sandys Ovid's Met. vi. (1626) 111 Her thighs and legs to spiny fingers grow. 1650Bulwer Anthropomet. 232 The French commonly have more spinie and slender Legs then the Italian Gentleman. a1722[cf. spiny-legged in 5].
†c. Of turf or grass. Obs.
1607J. Carpenter Plaine Mans Plough 139 That which was old must be renewed, and the spinie turfe changed into a gentle soyle. 1615G. Sandys Trav. 198 The valley..producing but a spiny grasse.
2. Abounding in, furnished or thickly set with, thorns. In early quots. fig.
1604T. Wright Passions i. iii. 11 Wee..touched the roote from whence did spring those spinie braunches of briarie passions. 1635A. Stafford Fem. Glory (1860) 43 Bee constant, most pious Lordes, in the vertuous, though rough and spiny course you are to runne. 1644Digby Nat. Bodies A iv b, So difficult and spiny an affaire, as the writing vpon such a nice and copious subiect. 1727Warburton Prodigies 61 The spiney Desarts of Scholastic Philosophy. 1798C. Smith Yng. Philos. II. 164 The holly, whose shining thorny and spiny head..shadowed the whole eminence. 1830Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. 54 Shrubs, either unarmed or spiny. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 127 Shrubs or small trees, often spiny.
3. a. Furnished or set with spines; covered with slender sharp-pointed processes.
1615G. Sandys Trav. 249 The body light, the taile spiny, and the colour dun. 1728Chambers Cycl. s.v. Spine, The hind Part thereof is Edg'd, or Spiny. 1778Encycl. Brit. (ed. 2) III. 1610/1 The strigosus, or plated lobster, with a pyramidal spiny snout. 1804C. Smith Conversations II. 153 What endless swarms of creatures..Of burnish'd scale and spiny fin! 1843Penny Cycl. XXVI. 444 Shell oval, spiny or tuberculous. 1883Standard 3 Aug. 5/7 Two..lizards with remarkable spiney skins.
Comb.1857T. Moore Handbk. Brit. Ferns (ed. 3) 39 Pinnæ spiny-serrate.
b. In specific names of animals or fishes, as spiny ant-eater, spiny dog fish, spiny eel, spiny globe-fish, etc. spiny rat, a rodent of the family Echimyidæ, found in tropical South and Central America and distinguished by bristly fur.
1827Griffith tr. Cuvier III. 263 The Echidnes,..other⁓wise *Spiny Ant-eaters. 1894–5Lydekker Roy. Nat. Hist. III. 286 The echidnas, or spiny anteaters, of which there are two species.
1896Ibid. V. 533 The *spiny dog-fishes, rays, saw-fishes, and their kindred.
1882Jordan & Gilbert Syn. Fishes N. Amer. 368 Mastacembelidæ. (The *Spiny Eels.) 1896Lydekker Roy. Nat. Hist. V. 395 The so-called spiny eels of the Oriental region and West Africa.
1834Griffith tr. Cuvier X. 566 Diodon, (Vulg. *Spiny globe-fish.)
1853in Morris Austral Eng. (1898) 304/2 The *Spiny Lizard (Moloch horridus) of Western Australia. 1898Morris Austral Eng. 430 Spiny Lizard, i.q. Mountain Devil. 1819*Spiny lobster [see lobster1 1 b]. 1862Ansted Channel Isl. ii. ix. 233 The spiny lobster, locally called cray-fish.., is also very common. 1884Goode Nat. Hist. Aquat. Anim. 780 The Spiny Lobster or Rock Lobster, Panulirus interruptus.
1804Shaw Gen. Zool. V. i. 4 *Spiny Loche... This is distinguished by a double spine situated on each side the head.
1884Encycl. Brit. XVII. 6 Acanthomys... *Spiny-mice. 1894–5Lydekker Roy. Nat. Hist. III. 119 The pretty little murine known as the Malabar spiny-mouse.
1876A. R. Wallace Geogr. Distrib. Animals II. xvii. 238 The Echimyidæ, or *spiny rats, are a family, chiefly South American. 1924W. B. Scott Hist. Land Mammals Western Hemisphere v. 184 The spiny rats (Echimys and Loncheres) are so called from their appearance, not because they are related to the true rats. 1974H. MacInnes Climb to Lost World ix. 147 A spiny rat, a rare creature: Mike Atherley and I both saw it more than once and thought that it had no tail.
1804Shaw Gen. Zool. V. ii. 342 *Spiny Shark. Squalus Spinosus. 1896Lydekker Roy. Nat. Hist. V. 535 The spiny shark (Echinorhinus spinosus) of the Mediterranean and Atlantic.
1894–5Ibid. III. 71 The Ethiopian *spiny squirrels are characterized by their coarse and spiny hair.
1879E. P. Wright Anim. Life 69 The *Spiny Tanrec (Ericulus spinosus).
c1880Cassell's Nat. Hist. IV. 256 The *Spiny Trionyx, or Gymnopus.
4. Having the form of a spine; stiff and sharp-pointed.
1828Stark Elem. Nat. Hist. I. 121 Fur ash gray,..composed of rough spiny hairs. 1871Huxley Anat. Vert. 318 The inner surface is often armed with spiny developments of the epidermis.
5. Comb., as spiny-backed, spiny-finned, spiny-footed, spiny-haired, spiny-leaved, etc. (Freq. in specific names.)
1885W. T. Hornaday Two Years in Jungle xxvi. 310 The fisher⁓men catch and eat a good many *spiny-backed rays (Urogymnus asperrimus).
1881Cassell's Nat. Hist. V. 78 Acanthopterygii, or *Spiny-finned fishes.
1802Shaw Gen. Zool. III. i. 112 *Spiny-footed Frog. Rana Spinipes. 1829Griffith tr. Cuvier VI. 321 Spiny-footed Tyrant, Tyrannus Calcaratus.
1891T. Hardy Tess (1900) 67 The pollard willows..became *spiny-haired monsters.
1847Darlington Amer. Weeds, etc. (1860) 206 The *Spiny-leaved Sow-thistle (Sonchus Asper).
a1722Lisle Husb. (1757) 226 A *spiny legged beast never pays the grazier so well.
1866Treas. Bot. 515/1 The leaves are pinnatifid with *spiny-pointed segments.
1880Günther Fishes 41 The dorsal fin..is either *spiny-rayed, or soft-rayed. 1882Jordan & Gilbert Syn. Fishes N. Amer. 397 Acanthopteri. (The Spiny-rayed Fishes.)
1831Griffith tr. Cuvier IX. Syn. 38 *Spiny Tailed Guana. 1877Newton in Encycl. Brit. VII. 505 The Erismaturinæ or Spiny-tailed Ducks. |