| 释义 |
▪ I. cross-bar, n.|ˈkrɒsbɑː(r), ˈkrɔːs-|
[cross- 4.]
1. a. A transverse bar; a bar placed or fixed across another bar or part of a structure. spec. The horizontal bar of a bicycle frame; also, in Football, the horizontal bar between the goal-posts.
1562Churchw. Acc. Eltham in Stahlschmidt Bells of Kent (1887) 271 A crosbar for the bell. 1611[see cross-barred]. 1823Crabbe Techn. Dict. Cross-bars (Mar.), round pieces of iron, bent at each end, and used as levers to turn the shanks of the anchor. 1856Kane Arct. Expl. II. xxvi. 267 We had already cut up and burned the runners and cross-bars of two sledges. 1857T. Hughes Tom Brown v. 120 There it flies, straight between the two posts, some five feet above the cross-bar, an unquestioned goal. 1956M. Golesworthy Encycl. Assoc. Football 36 The crossbar over the goalmouth was first introduced into Football Association rules in 1875. 1966T. Simpson Cycling is my Life v. 38 My left leg was still fastened to the pedal by the toe-strap and then bent over the cross-bar with me lying across the front wheel. 1967S. Beckett Film 32 Two bicycles ridden by men with girl passengers (on crossbar).
†b. = cross-bar shot: see 5. Obs.
1557W. Towrson in Hakluyt Voy. (1589) 120 We sent them some of our stuffe, crosse barres and chain shot and arrowes. 1712E. Cooke Voy. S. Sea 351 We fir'd above 300 great Shot, about 50 Cross Bars.
2. A transverse line or stripe: cf. bar n.1 5.
1599Sandys Europæ Spec. (1632) 238 In their crossings..the Greeke..begins his crosse-barre on the right side, and the Latin on the left. 1694Ray in Lett. Lit. Men (Camden) 200 A tail..marked with crosse-bars. 1937R. H. Stetson in Mélanges ling. et phil. offerts à J. van Ginneken 355 In Continental usage the 7 has a cross-bar. 1957N. R. Ker Catal. MSS. containing Anglo-Saxon p. xxxi, The form and position of the cross-bar [of ð] often vary.
†3. The ‘bar sinister’, the heraldic mark of illegitimacy. Obs.
1655Fuller Ch. Hist. i. v. §13 To shew that no Crosse-barre of Bastardy..can bolt Grace out of that Heart, wherein God will have it to enter. 1732Gentleman Instr. (ed. 10) 11 (D.) Few are in love with Cross-bars, and to be brother to a by-blow is to be a bastard once removed.
†4. fig. An impediment, hindrance, obstruction; an untoward circumstance, misfortune. Obs.
1583Stanyhurst Aeneis ii. (Arb.) 46 Hence grew my cros⁓bars. 1616R. C. Times' Whistle iii. 1151 But now this boy, which stands as a crosse-barre Twixt him and home, doth all his fortunes marre.
5. Comb., as cross-bar window; cross-bar shoe = bar-shoe (see bar n.1 30); cross-bar shot, orig. a ball with a bar projecting on each side of it; later, a projectile which expanded on leaving the gun into the form of a cross, with one quarter of the ball at each radial point: cf. bar-shot.
1675Lond. Gaz. No. 1030/4 A light gray Mare..lame in the neer Foot before, and a *Cross-bar shoe under the same Foot.
1591Raleigh Last Fight Rev. (Arb.) 19 Discharged with *crossebar shot. 1627Capt. Smith Seaman's Gram. xiv. 67 Crosbar-shot is also a round shot, but it hath a long spike of Iron cast with it as if it did goe thorow the middest of it. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1852) I. 453 Something like the chain or cross bar shot used in sea engagements, only instead of a bar between, the whole consisted of seven balls. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk., Cross-bar-shot..when folded it presented a..complete shot.
▪ II. cross-bar, v.|ˈkrɒsˌbɑː(r), ˌkrɒsˈbɑː(r), krɔːs-|
[f. prec.]
1. trans. To furnish with cross-bars; to put or set bars across.
1616Surfl. & Markh. Country Farme 318 These hiues you must crosse-barre within with clouen sticks. Ibid. 703.
b. To mark with cross-bars; to draw bars or stripes across.
1805W. Taylor in Robberds Mem. II. 97 And suppose you have received it and cross-barred it [a manuscript] where necessary. 1861Thornbury Turner (1862) I. 336 Some glancing sunshine cross-barring a sail.
†2. fig. To obstruct, bar the way of. Obs.
1680Hon. Hodge & Ralph 22 There's an unlucky Gentleman, that Cross-bars them in their designs. |