| 释义 |
▪ I. raised, ppl. a.1|reɪzd|
[f. raise v.1 + -ed1.]
1. a. Set erect; restored to life; roused up.
1604Shakes. Oth. i. ii. 29 Those are the raised Father, and his Friends. 1697G. Keith 2nd Narr. Proc. Turner's Hall 32 The Raised Saints shall neither need Candle, nor Light of the Sun.
b. raised pie: a pie having a ‘raised’ crust (see raise v.1 1 c).
1747–96H. Glasse Cookery xiii. 191 Raised pies should have a quick oven, and well closed up. 1844Alb. Smith Adv. Mr. Ledbury iii. (1886) 11 [He] entered a neighbouring shop, where he purchased a raised pie. 1865Beeton Dict. Cookery 282/1 Raised Pie of Veal and Ham... Plenty of practice [should be] given to the making of raised pies.
2. Set on foot, instituted. rare.
1604Shakes. Oth. i. i. 159 Lead to the Sagitary the raised Search.
3. a. Lifted up, elevated, exalted, high. lit. and fig. Also raised eyebrows, eyebrows raised in censure or query (see eyebrow 1 c).
1627Feltham Resolves i. xli. (1709) 101 From the Pismire..to the Monarch on the raised Throne. 1662Stillingfl. Orig. Sacr. ii. iii. §2 Such as are of more raised and inquisitive minds. a1708Beveridge Thes. Theol. (1711) III. 11 High and raised apprehensions of God's goodness. 1818Shelley Rev. Islam iii. xi, A stroke on my raised arm and naked head. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) III. 400 Between the fire and the prisoners there is a raised way. 1968P. Durst Badge of Infamy v. 39 ‘I'll bet that causes some raised eyebrows,’ Gina said. 1974E. Ambler Dr. Frigo ii. 82, I expected another violent reaction. None came. He merely glanced with raised eyebrows at Delvert, who nodded.
Comb.1662Stillingfl. Orig. Sacr. iii. iii. §2 The more raised-spirited Moralists.
b. raised beach, a former beach, now situated above sea-level; raised bed, a flower-bed, at a higher level than the adjacent garden; raised bog, an area of acid, peaty soil, esp. that developed from moss, in which growth is most rapid at the centre, giving rise to a domed shape.
1834Proc. Geol. Soc. II. 102 These are the only instances which the author could discover of a raised beach on this part of the coast. 1842H. Miller O. R. Sandst. i. (ed. 2) 37 A raised beach of the Moray Frith. 1863A. C. Ramsay Phys. Geog. i. (1878) 11 On all continents and on many large islands raised beaches occur. 1910L. B. Meredith Rock Gardens ii. 25 The best and most usual form [of small rock garden] is a raised bed. 1938New Phytol. XXXVII. 425 Since the primary lakes are frequently of glacial origin, raised bogs have generally proved to be extremely satisfactory sources of long continuous profiles illustrative of post-glacial forest and climatic history. 1946Proc. Prehist. Soc. XII. 4 Raised-bogs very commonly occur in peri-glacial regions, often upon the sites of lakes created by the laying down of terminal moraines across glaciated valleys. 1959J. D. Clark Prehist. S. Afr. vi. 164 The earliest Middle Stone Age is probably that associated with the 20-foot raised beach at Blind River, East London. 1959C. Spry Favourite Flowers xxiii. 166, I wanted a raised bed of well-drained agreeable soil. 1966F. H. Brightman Oxf. Bk. Flowerless Plants 88 Sometimes fen becomes choked with vegetation, and acid conditions develop at the top, so that species of Sphagnum can grow on the surface, forming ‘raised bog’. 1969Bennison & Wright Geol. Hist. Brit. Isles xvi. 366 The evidence of uplift is found in the form of marine-cut erosion platforms, or raised beaches where these erosion surfaces have a cover of beach material. 1974Country Life 21 Mar. 650/1 Raised beds housing all manner of plants became characteristic features. 1976Nature 23 Sept. 281/1 Raised bogs represent a special type of peat bog...They..have their own water regime, with all of the moisture supplied from the atmosphere.
4. a. Increased in height or size; made larger, thicker, or more prominent; standing out; etc.
1582Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 21 Soom wights vp⁓floating on raisd sea wyth armor apeered. 1599Minsheu Span. Gram. 77 Imbrodered with imbost or raisd golde and pearle. 1676Wiseman Chirurg. Treat. v. ix. 380 The raised-up Lip might be troublesome to the Chirurgeon in his work. 1772T. Nugent tr. Hist. Friar Gerund II. 339 Two scapularies ornamented with tinsel raised-work. 1777Macbride in Phil. Trans. LXVIII. 127 The lime-water ooze penetrates raised leather. 1836Penny Cycl. V. 240 The type required for printing in raised characters. 1873Young Englishwoman Aug. 406/2 The medallions are worked on brown American cloth..in raised embroidery. 1882Caulfeild & Saward Dict. Needlework 416 Raised Embroidery..consisting of working raised flowers upon a flat foundation. 1900E. Jackson Hist. Hand-made Lace 216 Raised work, in bobbin lace this term denotes the raised edge worked down one side of leaves and flowers. Honiton and Duchess each have occasionally raised work, which heightens the effect of the lace considerably. 1960B. Snook Eng. Hist. Embroidery 86 Stump work originally was known as ‘raised work’, its present name probably not being used before 1894.
Comb.1632Hayward tr. Biondi's Eromena 55 They laid downe the Beere upon a rais'd-worke mourning Coverlet. 1879Sir G. Scott Lect. Archit. II. 177 Square and oblong spaces were vaulted..on the raised-ridge principle.
b. Increased in amount or degree.
1706J. Ward Introd. Math. ii. ii. §5 (1734) 157 The intermediate Terms in the new Raised Power. 1809N. Pinkney Trav. France 58 His wife came in, hearing my raised voice. 1826Miss Mitford Village Ser. ii. 122 To speak of him as dead, seemed to her raised feelings, like murder. 1846P. Parley's Ann. VII. 232 With smiling face, indeed, but with a raised complexion.
c. raised bands (see quots.).
1835J. Arnett Bibliopegia i. 23 The old mode of sewing on raised bands combined many advantages. 1846G. Dodd Brit. Manuf. 6th Ser. iv. 96 ‘Raised bands’..are sometimes used for ornament in the better kinds of books; they consist of little strips of leather or cord pasted across the back of the book before it is covered. 1875[see panel n.1 8 c]. 1901D. Cockerell Bookbinding i. 26 The public having become accustomed to raised bands on the backs of books, and the real bands being sunk in the back, the binders put false ones over the ‘hollow’. 1952J. Carter ABC for Bk.-Collectors 147 When a book is bound..the gathered sections are sewn on to horizontal cords or bands... When the boards are covered, these cords (unless sunk in grooves to make a flat spine) will stand out in the form of ridges. These are known as raised bands. 1972P. Gaskell New Introd. Bibliogr. 148 The cords themselves could be placed either outside the backs of the folded sheets, where they would show as raised bands across the spine of the book, or in slots sawn into the folds.
d. Of a cake, biscuit (see U.S. sense s.v. biscuit 1), etc.: made with baking-powder or other raising agent. U.S.
1889R. T. Cooke Steadfast xvii. 189 Then it [sc. the election cake] wore only the style of ‘raised cake’. 1890Harper's Mag. Oct. 707/1 I've got raised biscuit for supper. 1907N.Y. Even. Post (semi-weekly ed.) 18 July 5 The ever⁓lasting repetition of salt meats, potatoes, and raised biscuit in their bill of fare. 1914G. Atherton Perch of Devil i. 28 I've got fried chicken..and raised biscuit. 1937E. K. Haines Cook Bk. xii. 360 Raised muffins..A good old-fashioned change from the modern quick muffin.
5. Naut. raised upon: having a framework added to increase the height of the sides.
1799Nelson in Nicolas Disp. (1845) I. 3, I exerted myself to have the command of a four-oared cutter raised upon. 1867Smyth Sailor's Word-bk. 559.
6. Phonetics. Articulated with the tongue in a higher position.
[1888H. Sweet Hist. Eng. Sounds 2 Intermediate positions are: retracted..and advanced, raised..and lowered.] 1942J. S. Hall Phonetics Gt. Smoky Mountain Speech (Amer. Speech Repr. & Monogr. No. 4) 15 There is a tendency in some speakers to use a tense, slightly raised [ɪr˰]. 1957E. J. Dobson Eng. Pronunc., 1500–1700 II. 614 The struggle of the raised ME ẹ̄ to replace the normal ME ę̄ was in StE [sc. Standard English] a long-drawn-out process. Ibid. 642 The raised pronunciation was not accepted in any but careless speech in the seventeenth century. 1972M. L. Samuels Linguistic Evol. iii. 44 There is often a process of systemic regulation..by the selection of raised variants.
▪ II. raised, ppl. a.2 (and pa. pple.)
[f. raise v.2; now associated with prec. Cf. rased ppl. a.]
1. Of cloth:
†a. Having the pile cut close. (Cf. velours ras, drap d'or ras in Cotgrave.) Obs.
b. Having the pile (apparently) cut away in such a manner as to leave a raised pattern.
c1550Fabric Rolls York Minster (Surtees) 311 A greene cushion of raised velvet. 1578Inv. R. Wardr. (1815) 222 Ane uther [gowne] of raisit claith of silver. 1870Rock Textile Fabrics Introd. lxxiii, Some [art-velvets] are raised or cut, the design being done in a pile standing well up by itself from out of a flat ground of silk. Ibid. 200 The fabric..now known as cut or raised velvet.
†2. Of shoes: Having designs cut in the leather.
1688R. Holme Armoury iii. 14/2 Pinked or raised shooes, have the over leathers grain part cut into Roses, or other devices. |