| 释义 |
▪ I. sprig, n.1|sprɪg|
Also 4–5 sprigge, 5–6 spryg(ge, 6 sprygg, 9 sprigg.
[Of obscure origin.]
1. A small slender nail, either wedge-shaped and headless, or square-bodied with a slight head on one side. † Also collect.
In both senses, but now especially in the second, indentical with a brad.
1359[see transom-nail s.v. transom 7]. 1426–7Rec. St. Mary at Hill (1905) 65 Also for vc sprygge þe same day, iiij d. 1480Wardr. Acc. Edw. IV (1830) 122 To Piers Draper for Ml sprigge price vj d. 1539–40in Archaeol. Cant. (1893) XX. 243, 2 ‘some’ of ‘sprygg’ 10 s. 1552Churchw. Acc. St. Michaels, Cornhill (MS.), For nayles and sprygs to the setting up of the new pewe. 1653Holcroft Procopius, Goth. Wars iii. 97 They fit to one another the blunt ends of foure Iron sprigs, of equall length. 1688Holme Armoury iii. 51 Brad is a Nail without a head to floor Rooms withall; it is with us termed a Sprig, and is about the size of a ten penny Nail. 1713J. Warder True Amazons xiii. 117 Some two-penny Dove Nails, or small Hinges, with some Nails and three-penny Sprigs. 1796Stedman Surinam I. 109 After having had iron sprigs driven home underneath every one of his nails on hands and feet. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm I. 117 Battens..fastened down to stout joists with Scotch flooring sprigs driven through the feather-edge. 1875Carpentry & Join. 64 The bottom of the drawer is to be..secured by a small brad or sprig to the back.
b. Naut. (See quot.)
1794Rigging & Seamanship 10 Sprig, a small eye-bolt, ragged at the point.
c. A wedge-shaped piece of tin used to hold glass in a sash until the putty dries.
1823P. Nicholson Pract. Build. 422 Large squares should be further secured by small sprigs being driven into the rebates of the sash. 1875Carpentry & Join. 106 Let a sprig be put in under each as it is put in place—before it is puttied.
2. A small projecting part or point. Also spec. (chiefly N.Z.), a stud or spike attached to the sole of a boot, esp. in Sport.
1679Moxon Mech. Exerc. vii. ⁋3 Carpenters have their Shank made with an hollow Socket at its top, to receive a strong wooden Sprig made to fit into that Socket. 1683Ibid., Printing xi. ⁋21 An Iron Stud with a square Sprig under it, to be drove and fastned into a Wooden Horse. 1688Holme Armoury iii. xxi. (Roxb.) 263/2 The Sprig or Pin of the handle is commonly set into the tip of an Harts Horn for its halve. 1847Halliw. s.v., A triangular piece of iron is screwed to their shoe-heels, having three points half an inch long projecting downwards. These are called sprigs. 1930[implied at sprig v.1 1]. 1949D. M. Davin Roads from Home i. ii. 27 John hammered the last tack into a sprig of his football boots. 1972Guardian 11 Nov. 21/5 You look at Sid [Going] when we're changing, he's got sprig (stud) marks all over him. 1981I. A. Gordon in N.Z. Listener 2–8 May, The sprig (though it has acquired a new meaning on the football field), was originally a short headless nail.
3. attrib. and Comb., as sprig-box, sprig maker, sprig-nail; sprig-awl, -bit, a bradawl.
1477–9Rec. St. Mary at Hill (1905) 84 For iij quarters Sprygge nayle, iij d ob. c1480Ibid. 104 For ml di. Sprygge nayle. 1609–10in Swayne Sarum Churchw. Acc. (1896) 306 Sprigge nayles for the stepps, 12 d. 1688Holme Armoury iii. 298/1 A Nail, (of some termed a Sprig Nail, because without a Head). 1797J. Robinson's Directory Sheffield 63 Dickinson, Enoch, sprig maker. 1798W. Hutton Life 17 A fork, with one limb, was made to act in the double capacity of sprig-awl and gimlet. 1815J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 116 The smallest sort of boring tool is a kind of bodkin, called the brad-awl, or sprig-bit. 1896‘J. Ackworth’ Clog Shop Chron. 34 As he bent over his work a great tear splashed down into the sprig-box before him.
▪ II. sprig, n.2|sprɪg|
Also 4, 6–7 sprigge (6 sprygge), 7 sprigg.
[Of obscure origin; relationship to LG. sprick, dry twig, is doubtful.]
1. a. A shoot, twig, or spray of a plant, shrub, or tree; † a rod.
14..Langland's P. Pl. C. vi. 139 Ho so spareþ þe spring [v.r. sprigge] spilleþ hus children. 1555Eden Decades (Arb.) 228 This..sprygge whiche bryngeth foorth the sayde cluster is a hole yeare in growyng. 1578Lyte Dodoens 681 The flowers grow amongst the leaues, uppon the young sprigges or sprayes. 1624Capt. Smith Virginia ii. 31 Their arrowes are made some of straight young sprigs, which they head with bone. 1676Grew Anat. Pl., Anat. Fl. (1682) 152 Where there are several Sprigs upon one Stem, as in Fenil, Hemlock, and the like. 1728–46Thomson Spring 162 Herds and flocks Drop the dry sprig, and, mute imploring, eye The falling verdure. 1827G. Higgins Celtic Druids 34 The Druids pretended to perform various operations by means of sticks, sprigs, or branches of trees. 1856in Delamer Fl. Garden 122 This beautiful Jasmine is..very useful for cutting for bouquets, and the sprigs will last in water a long time.
fig.1580T. M. Pref. Verses 40 in Baret Alv., There grew the floures, that Tullie first did see, There sprang the sprigs on which he first did feed.
b. A small spray of a particular plant, etc.
1563T. Gale Antidot. ii. 41 You maie in the place hereof vse a sprigge of the Oke. 1599Warn. Faire Wom. ii. 1072 There came a sprigge of fearne, borne by the wind Into the roome. 1605Shakes. Lear ii. iii. 16 Sprigs of Rosemarie. 1621Middleton Sun in Aries Wks. (Bullen) VII. 348 Peace [is represented] with a branch of laurel; Patience a sprig of palm [etc.]. a1721Prior Charity never faileth v, Then how short-liv'd will be thy Praise Like what thou labour'est for, a sprig of Bayes. 1736Bailey Household Dict. s.v. Mint, Two or three sprigs of this mint being drank with the juice of garden mint. 1837Dickens Pickw. xxviii, Sprigs of holly with red berries..ornament the window. 1847H. Miller Test. Rocks (1857) 308 Agate, in some specimens, contains its apparent sprigs of moss.
transf.1867F. Francis Angling xi. (1880) 411 A few sprigs of green peacock herl.
c. collect. (See quot.)
1832Planting 91 in Husb. (L.U.K.) III, Sprig of wood.—In some instances understood as the branches of a tree.
2. fig.
a. An offshoot, a minor development, part, or specimen, of something.
1576Fleming Panopl. Epist. 272 To weede out..the bitter plant of couetousnesse,..that of the same not..one braunch, sprig, leafe nor seede be remaining. 1581Mulcaster Positions xxxv. (1887) 131 Not bowghes and braunches, but euen the twigges and sprigges of the petiest circumstances. 1608Willet Hexapla Exod. 308 The sprigges and branches of vices. 1660tr. Amyraldus' Treat. conc. Relig. iii. iii. 347 So totally rooted out of all the Writings in the World,..as not one slip or sprig to be left of it. 1815Scott Guy M. xxxvii, The following sprig of sepulchral poetry. 1878Browning Poets Croisic 139 Never hope to graff a second sprig of triumph there!
b. Applied to persons (usually with disparaging force): A scion of some person, class, institution, etc.
1601Chester Love's Mart. cx, Yet Fortunes vnseene immortalitie Sometimes cuts downe sprigs of a Monarchie. 1646Quarles Judgem. & Mercy Wks. (Grosart) I. 76/1 A poore Sprig of disobedient Adam. 1721Amherst Terræ Fil. No. 36. 188 To hear a smart damsel reprimand a young sprig of learning for his rudeness. 1768Wom. of Hon. II. 202 Are even some of the illustrious sprigs of our Nobility clear of that scoundrel-vice? 1810Sporting Mag. XXXV. 28 Our sprigs of fashion are..fond of driving the mail. 1847H. Miller First Impr. Eng. xx. (1857) 353 A zealous sprig of High-Churchism who preached to them. 1883Congregationalist Sept. 731 The pretensions of a pert young sprig of divinity.
c. Without const.: A stripling; a young fellow.
1661J. Davies Civ. Warres 365 A young sprig, who had never..ventured to involve himself in bloud and murthers. 1766[Anstey] Bath Guide xi. 127 Th' unfortunate Sprig Seems as if he was hunting all Night for his Wig. 1789Wolcot (P. Pindar) Ep. falling Minister Wks. 1812 II. 124 Yet was this Youth proclaim'd a pretty Sprig. 1815Scott Guy M. liii, A sprig whom I remember with a whey face and a satchel not so very many years ago. 1879F. W. Robinson Coward Consc. ii. xvii, When..we were a couple of city sprigs together.
3.
†a. A branch of a nerve, vein, etc. Obs.
1638A. Read Chirurg. xi. 80 If any severall part bee paralytik..the cause is..in the sprig of some nerve inserted in that part. 1684Boyle Porousn. Anim. & Solid Bod. vii. 61 A vein and artery to bring in and carry back Blood..by distinct sprigs sent from the great branch. 1730Chamberlayne Relig. Philos. I. ix. §8 This Nerve..after having sent some Sprigs to the Plexus Nervosus..ends there.
b. A piece of some substance or material resembling a sprig of a plant.
1660Boyle New Exp. Phys. Mech. xlii. 384 Half-a-score Sprigs of Coral. 1680Moxon Mech. Exerc. xiii. 222 Some Turners to shew their Dexterity..Turn long and slender Sprigs of Ivory, as small as an Hay-stalk, and perhaps a Foot or more long. 1758Borlase Nat. Hist. Cornw. 84 The coralline moss,..sprig, and bunchy coral dispersed on the rocks. 1787Wolcot (P. Pindar) Apol. Ode upon Ode Wks. 1812 I. 456 Commanded of dead Hair the sprigs To do their duty upon Wigs. 1839H. T. De la Beche Rep. Geol. Cornwall, etc. ii. 31 A conglomerate with a calcareo-magnesian cement, containing sprigs of copper.
4. a. An ornament in the form of a sprig or spray; in later use esp. one made of diamonds.
1591Sylvester Du Bartas i. v. 605 Upon her crown a crest Of starrie Sprigs. 1602Marston Ant. & Mel. v. Wks. 1856 I. 58, I ha bought mee a newe greene feather with a red sprig. 1629Shirley Wedding ii. i, When thou art at the Peacock, remember to call for the sprig. 1639in 12th Rep. Hist. MSS. Comm. App. IX. 7 One Great Salt with 4 Boxes, 4 Spriggs, and 1 cover. 1718Free-thinker No. 57. 13 The rich Sprig of Diamonds that sparkles in your Hair. 1756–7tr. Keysler's Trav. (1760) I. 259 The queen had a sprig of diamonds which she usually wore on her bosom. 1806T. S. Surr Winter in Lond. II. 157 He, having..the said family plate,..lent me.. a sprig for my hair.
b. A design, imitative of a sprig, embroidered, woven, or stamped on a textile fabric, or applied to ceramic ware, etc.
1771Mrs. Harris in Priv. Lett. Ld. Malmesbury (1870) I. 214 The habit muslin with green and gold sprigs. 1844G. Dodd Textile Manuf. vii. 229 In ‘sprigged net’ the groundwork and a portion of every sprig are made at the machine, and the outline of every sprig is then worked by hand. 1858Lytton What will He do? i. xiv, What pretty sprigs! Where can such things be got? 1874H. H. Cole Catal. Ind. Art S. Kens. Mus. 250 White ground covered by oval outlined red and green sprigs.
c. A small detached piece of pillow-lace, made separately for subsequent use in composite work.
1851Catal. Gt. Exhib. 560 Brussels and Honiton sprigs, manufactured from cotton thread. 1882Caulfeild & Saward Dict. Needlew. 459/1.
5. ellipt.
a. A silver-sprig rabbit. (See silver n. 21 b.)
1859J. C. Atkinson Walks & Talks 30 The boys understood him to call rabbits of this variety..by the name of ‘sprigs’ or ‘silver-sprigs’.
b. U.S. The sprigtail duck, Dafila acuta.
1888G. Trumbull Names Birds 38. 1895 Outing XXVI. 30/2 Making a blind good enough for any duck except sprig, which are as wary as wild geese.
6. attrib. and Comb. (chiefly in sense 4 b), as sprig-birch, sprig-crystal, sprig-formed, sprig mould, sprig-muslin, sprig-pattern, sprig-silk, etc.
a1728Woodward Fossils i. 32 This kind the Lapidaries call Peble-Crystal. The Crystallin hexagonal Columns they call Sprig-Crystal. 1748J. Hill Hist. Fossils 172 The common, hexangular, whitish, pellucid Ellipomacrostylum, or sprig Crystal. 1772Phil. Trans. LXII. 399 They feed on grass-seeds, and buds of the sprig-birch. 1775S. J. Pratt Liberal Opin. c. (1783) III. 219 She then mentioned something about sprig silks. 1806J. Grahame Birds of Scot. 51 Her sprig-formed nest upon some hawthorn branch Is laid so thinly. 1841Thackeray Gt. Hoggarty Diam. iii, I recollect I had on..a white sprig waistcoat. 1874H. H. Cole Catal. Ind. Art S. Kens. Mus. 207 The silver pattern, applied in bands of leaves and in a small sprig diaper. Ibid. 262 The central portion of the scarf has a sprig pattern. 1922Hardy Late Lyrics & Earlier 1 And maids come forth sprig-muslin drest. 1951J. B. Kenny Compl. Bk. Pottery Making vii. 123 A sprig mold is a block of plaster with a depression shaped like the ornament in reverse. 1956G. Heyer (title) Sprig muslin. 1976Canadian Antiques Collector (Toronto) Mar.-Apr. 20/1 There were over 22 sprig moulds for making applied decorative relief to pots.
▪ III. sprig, a.
[Of obscure origin.]
Spruce, smart.
App. still surviving in dialect use (E.D.D.).
1675Cotton Scoffer Scoft 115 For all he wears his beard so sprig, And has a fine Gold Periwig.
▪ IV. sprig, v.1
[f. sprig n.1]
1. trans. To fasten with sprigs or brads. Also with down, on, etc., and spec. (N.Z.), to equip (a boot) with sprigs. Cf. sprig n.1 2.
1713J. Warder True Amazons 120 Let all the Pieces and Frames be well sprig'd to this Head. 1840Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. III. 419/1 On the floor is sprigged down a rib of wood. 1871Routledge's Ev. Boy's Ann. 59 The back may be glued and sprigged on to the frame. 1892Labour Comm. Gloss. No. ix, Boys who cannot fit on the parts but can only sprig them together. 1930C. V. Grimmett Getting Wickets v. 105 Had his boots been properly sprigged, it is probable that he would easily have taken the catch.
absol.1902How to Make Things 61/1 Glue and sprig on.
2. intr. To drive in sprigs.
1898J. Macmanus Bend of Road 101 If you spake less an sprig more he'll have his boot the quicker.
Hence sprigged ppl. a.1; ˈsprigging vbl. n.1
1883Goole Wkly. Times 14 Sept. 4/5 Men's Sprigged Blucher Boots. 1899Daily News 12 May 3/1 When the sprigging of boots, instead of hand-sewing them, came into operation.
▪ V. sprig, v.2
[f. sprig n.2]
†1.
a. intr. To form rootlets. Obs.—0
1611Cotgr., Cheveler, to sprig, or sprigle; to root, or put forth a hairie, or small root.
b. trans. To divide into branches.
1658Bromhall Treat. Specters i. 68 Those nerves, which are sprigg'd from the back-bone into the joynts all about.
2. To decorate or cover with designs representing sprigs. Also absol.
1731Mrs. Delany Life & Corr. (1861) I. 284 A very fine blue satin, sprigged all over with white. 1745–6Ibid. II. 414 Some are so silly, they tell me, as to have them sprigged with silver. 1761F. Sheridan Sidney Biddulph V. 237 Dolly was helping Cecilia to sprig some fine muslin that she is now working for an apron. 1850Kingsley A. Locke ii, Wondering when I..should shine..in a blue satin tie sprigged with gold. 1895Daily News 5 June 5/3 The fleur-de-lys..is used to sprig the wide expanse where there is no other decorative design. 1960H. Powell Beginner's Bk. Pottery ii. ii. 21 When sprigging, you may find that the small, thin sprigged shapes dry too quickly.
fig.1830–6O. W. Holmes Evening Poems 1892 I. 21, I can hail the flowers That sprig earth's mantle. |