| 释义 |
cytochalasin, n. Biol.|saɪtəʊkəˈleɪsɪn|
[f. cyto- + Gr. χαλάσις slackening, dislocation, f. χαλᾶν to relax: see -in1.]
Any of several fungal metabolites (cytochalasin A, B, etc.) that are polycyclic macrolides used experimentally in cell research for their property of interfering with cellular processes; esp. cytochalasin B.
1966New Scientist 27 Oct. 170/1 An extraordinary group of organic compounds which have been isolated from mould culture filtrates by Dr. S. B. Carter and Dr. W. B. Turner..have been called ‘cytochalasins’. 1967S. B. Carter in Nature 21 Jan. 261/1 Several species of moulds have been found to produce a number of chemically related metabolites which show unusual biological activity. The name ‘cytochalasin’..is suggested for this new class of compounds. The name is..a general description of the effects..characteristic of these substances. Ibid. 261/2 Cytochalasin B..has a novel macrolide structure in which the lactone ring is joined to a bicyclic lactam system. 1978W. G. Thilly et al. in S. W. Tanenbaum Cytochalasins iii. 61 These studies may be summarized by concluding that cytochalasin A has been shown to be a bactericide and fungicide, cytochalasin D has been shown to be a fungicide but not a bactericide, while cytochalasin B has been shown to be without toxic effects for bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoans. 1984Holtzman & Novikoff Cells & Organelles (ed. 3) ii. xi. 286 Probably the effects of cytochalasins and phalloidin on the filaments result in large part from their influencing actin assembly and interlinking. |