| 释义 |
stablish, v. Now arch.|ˈstæblɪʃ|
Forms: 3–5 stablis, 4 stablys, stablisce, 4–5 stablisse, 4, 6 stablische, 4–6 stablisshe, 5 stablice, -esshe, -ych, -ysh, 5–6 stablysche, -ysshe, 6 stablyshe, -ishe, (stablyszshe), 8–9 'stablish, 4– stablish; also pa. tense and pa. pple. 3–4 stablist, 4 stablyste (Sc. stabelaste), 4, 6 stabliste.
[Variant of establish v.]
= establish v. in various senses.
From the 16th c there seems to have been a tendency to confine the use of the form stablish to those uses in which the relation of meaning to stable adj. is apparent, i.e. where the notion is rather ‘to strengthen or support (something existing)’ than ‘to found or set up’. The modern currency of the word is purely literary, and reminiscent of the Bible or Prayer Book.
1. trans. To place or set (a material thing) firmly in position; to station (a person) in a place. Obs. exc. in figurative context.
a1300Cursor M. 21288 Tuin axils [of an allegorical ‘wain’] er tuin laghs, i-wiss,..þe carter self is iesus crist, His bodi es yock he has stablist. a1325Prose Ps. xxx[i]. 10 Ne þou ne shettest me nouȝt in þe hondes of þyn enemy; þou stablisced my fete in large stede. c1450Merlin iii. 59 Ye shall stablisshe the thirde table in the name of the trinite. c1500Melusine i. 17 There the lady Pressyne stablysshed a stronge geaunt to the sauegarde of the tresoure. 1650Sc. Psalms xciii. 5 The world is also stablished, that it can not depart. 1845Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 198 Heaven's eternal base, Whereon God's throne is stablished.
2. To set (a person, etc.) permanently in an office, dignity, or condition.
c1375Sc. Leg. Saints xii. (Mathias) 318 Spedful thinge vare & gud, þat we stablyste ane in þe place, þe quhyle to supple of Iudas. 1439Charters, etc. Edin. (1871) 64 We..be thir present lettres makis, stablissis, and ordanis..schir Robert Logane..oure baileye off fee. 1470–85Malory Arthur iii. xv. 118 The kyng stablysshed all his knyghtes and gaf them that were of londes not ryche he gaf them londes. 1483Caxton G. de la Tour h j b, God chose and stablysshed [c 1450 lxxxvii. 111 ordeyned] hym [Moses] mayster and gouournour ouer alle his people. 1738Wesley Ps. cxxxii. iv, I will thy faithful seed increase, And 'stablish them on David's Throne. 1805–6Cary Dante, Inf. ii. 24 Both which..were ordain'd And stablish'd for the holy place, where sits Who to great Peter's sacred chair succeeds.
†3. To ordain permanently (a law, rule, etc.)
c1386Chaucer Knt.'s T. 2137 That same prince..Hath stablissed in this wrecched world adoun Certeyne dayes and duracioun [etc.]. 1387–8T. Usk Test. Love i. v. (Skeat) 58 Wiste thou not wel that al the lawe of kynde is my lawe, and by god ordayned and stablisshed to dure by kynde resoun? c1417Hoccleve De Reg. Princ. 2232 By sotilte Brekynge bondes þat stablisshed were Mankynde to profite. a1483Liber Niger in Househ. Ord. (1790) 18 Hardeknoute was the furst that began iiii meales stablyshed in oon day. 1530Palsgr. 731/2, I stablysshe, I make by acte, je actifie. 1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. Pref. A v b, This bound they forgot, when they stablished..so many maisterly determinations without any woord of God. 1615Sylvester Job Triumphant iii. 329 For the raine hee stablisht a Decree.
†4. To set up or found securely (a government, a condition of things). Obs.
1591Shakes. 1 Hen. VI, v. i. 10 And stablish quietnesse on euery side. 1612T. Taylor Comm. Titus iii. 1 We haue stablished the regal power ouer all persons Ecclesiastical as well as others. 1855Singleton Virgil II. 493 In suchlike words between them stablished they [firmabant] The leagues amid the nobles' view.
†5. To bring into settled order (a country, affairs, etc.). Obs.
1375Barbour Bruce x. 303 He wex so wiss and avise, That his land first weill stablist he. 1470–85Malory Arthur i. vii. 44 Whanne..the kyng had stablisshed alle the countreyes aboute london. 1600E. Blount tr. Conestaggio 221 He now laboured to stablish the affaires.
6. To render indubitable, support by proof or testimony.
a1325MS. Rawl. B. 520 lf. 57 Ȝif he stablisseth him to be lasse he ne sal noȝt ansuerien of ani tenement for acheson of possession or of prosprete are he be of plener age. 1530Palsgr. 731/2 What so ever he saye, I wyll stablysche it. 1550Cranmer Def. Bath. Doctr. title-p., A confutation of sundry errors concernyng the same, grounded and stablished upon Goddes holy woorde. 1561T. Norton Calvin's Inst. iv. 50 That whatsoeuer they shal determine on the one side or the other, maye be stablished and certayne to our mindes. 1885–94R. Bridges Eros & Psyche July x, It is true That much hath hapt to stablish what ye teach.
7. To make secure, strengthen, reinforce.
1382Wyclif Rom. iii. 31 Therefore distrye we the lawe by the feith? Fer be it; but we stablischen [Vulg. statuimus] the lawe. a1513Fabyan Chron. i. (1811) 11 When Brute..sawe that he was stablysshed in his Realme quyetly, he..commaundyd [etc.]. 1586Marlowe 1st Pt. Tamburl. iv. iv. (ad fin.), When holy Fates Shall stablish me in strong Egyptia. 1600Fairfax Tasso x. liii, My weake estate to stablish come thou art. 1611Bible 1 Chron. xviii. 3 As hee went to stablish his dominion. 1667Milton P.L. xii. 347 Remembring..his Cov'nant sworn To David, stablisht as the dayes of Heav'n. 1696Tate & Brady Ps. xciii. 2 How surely stablisht is thy Throne! 1810Southey Kehama xviii. vi, Over Earth and Heaven my reign Is stablish'd. 1869M. Arnold Cult. & An. ii. 92 It is stablishing the State on behalf of whatever great changes are needed.
8. To render stable in faith, virtue, etc.
1447O. Bokenham Seyntys, Christina 77 In þis [sc. faith] me stablych, lorde, I þe preye. 1535Coverdale Ps. li. 12 O geue me the comforte of thy helpe agayne, and stablish me with thy fre sprete. 1568Grafton Chron. II. 662 For he himselfe, whether he were past all feare, or was not well stablished in his perfite minde,..boldely entred into Englande. 1611Bible 1 Thess. iii. 13 To the end hee may stablish your hearts vnblameable in holinesse. 1738Wesley Ps. li. xiii, Stablish, and keep my faithful Heart. 1784Cowper Task ii. 343 He stablishes the strong, restores the weak. 1841Emerson Ess. Ser. i. viii. (1876) 208 Let him go home much, and stablish himself in those courses he approves. 1862Trench Poems, Justin Martyr 15, I thought to arm my soul, And stablish it in self control.
Hence stablished ppl. a., † stablishing vbl. n.
a1300Cursor M. 27151 Wit stablising of hali kirck. a1470Tiptoft Cæsar v. xiii. (1530) 16 Þt nyghtys were shorter there than they be in the stablysshed lande [in continente]. 1570T. Norton tr. Nowell's Catech. 2 b, All these thinges serue..to the orderly stablishyng of the outward gouernance of the Chirch. 1655G. Firmin (title) Stablishing against Shaking, or a Discovery of the Prince of Darknesse. 1709Cobb Poems (ed. 2) 5 Whose bold Presumption dares transgress Thy stablish'd Articles of Peace, Or disobey thy Law? 1885R. Bridges Nero iii. iv. 16/2 Thou..yet would'st dare..to thwart My stablished purpose? |