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▪ I. staddle, n.|ˈstæd(ə)l|
Forms: 1 staðol, -ul, steaðel, 1–3 staðel, 6 stathell(e, stadell, 7 staddel(l, 6, 8–9 stadle, 8–9 stathel, 9 stathle, steddle, stadel, staidel, etc. (for other dial. forms see Eng. Dial. Dict.), 6– staddle. Also 8 stavel (whence staffold).
[OE. staðol masc., foundation, base, support, trunk of a tree, also fixed position or state, corresponds formally to OFris. -stathul masc. foundation (WFris. steal, NFris. stāl), OS. stađal standing (MLG. stadel), OHG. stadal barn (MHG., mod.G. dial. stadel barn, storehouse, ON. stǫðull masc., milking-place (Norw. støl):—OTeut. *staþlo-z:—pre-Teut. *statlo-s f. sta- to stand + -tlo- instrumental suffix.]
†1. A foundation. lit. and fig. Obs.
Very common in OE.: see examples in Bosworth-Toller.
a900tr. Bæda's Eccl. Hist. iii. xxiii. (E.E.T.S.) 230 Se Drihtnes wer..in þære stowe þa staðolas sette þæs mynstres. a1000Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 247/1 Fundamentum uel fundamen, s. dictum quod fundus sit domui, staþol. c1225Juliana 72, & buldeð ower boldes uppon treowe staðele.
2. A young tree left standing when others are cut down. Also dial. the root or stump of a tree that has been felled.
1543Act 35 Hen. VIII, c. 17 §i (1544) The same stathilles or storers [elsewhere in the section standilles or storers]. 1559Boke Presidentes 56 He..shal leaue standyng in and vpon the foresaid landes..competent and sufficient stathelles and storers. 1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 105 Leaue growing for stadles the likest and best. 1574in Lipscomb Hist. Bucks (1847) III. 206 [Q. Elizabeth devised to Paul Wentworth] parcel of the monastery of Burnham except the great trees and staddells sufficient in every acre. 1577Harrison England ii. xvi. 91 b, Those yong staddles which we leaue standing. 1612Bacon Ess., Greatness Kingdoms (Arb.) 476 Like as it is in copices, where if you leaue your staddels too thick, you shal neuer haue cleane vnderwood, but shrubbes and bushes. 1669Worlidge Syst. Agric. 276 Staddles,..Trees reserved at the Felling of Woods, for growth of Timber. 1733Lease in N.W. Linc. Gloss. (1877) s.v. Steddle, Reserving all timber trees..and also sufficient staddles in every acre of the said woodlands. a1763in Century Mag. (1884) Jan. 448/1 To stubb all staddles. 1766Complete Farmer s.v., Stadle,..also signifies a tree suffered to grow for coarse and common uses, as posts or rails. 1845Judd Margaret ii. v, At the edge of the woods, a rude structure had been thrown up, of staddles interlaced with boughs. 1863Trans. Essex Archæol. Soc. II. 187 Staddle, the stump left by the wood cutters for the next crop of underwood to grow from.
appos.1548Merton Coll. Rec. No. 1071, All suche standers or stathell okes.
†b. ? A tree-trunk, ? a staff. Obs. rare—1.
1590Spenser F.Q. i. vi. 14 His weake steps gouerning, And aged limbs on Cypresse stadle stout.
†c. fig.
1611Speed Hist. Gt. Brit. ix. xx. §66 Concerning his courses holden with his wiues kindred, (the laterall issues and staddles of the Plantagenets) it fell out thus.
3. a. The lower part of a stack of corn, hay, etc.
[Cf. stall n.3; also the following passage, where the word means the underside of a turf:—
c1000Sax. Leechd. I. 398 Ᵹenim feower tyrf..Nim ele..and drype on ðone staðol ðara turfa.]
c1475Pict. Voc. in Wr.–Wülcker 785/21 Hic arcomus [read arconius], a stathele. 1581Durham Wills (Surtees) II. 28 A stadle of ottes..covered with peease 24s. 1613Markham Eng. Husbandman ii. ii. vii. (1635) 73 The best [manure] is the rotten staddell of bottomes of Haystacks. 1623― Eng. Housew. v. [ii. vii.] 216 Some being old Corne, some new Corne, some of the heart of the stacke, and some of the stadle. 1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 35 One goinge afore with a forke and makinge the staddle, and the other comming behinde with a rake. 1828[Carr] Craven Gloss., Staddle, the bottom of a stack. 1894Northumbld. Gloss., Steadle, Steidel, Styeddle, a portion of a stack begun and left unfinished on account of wet or other causes; or the part left standing after a portion has been carried into the barn.
b. A platform of timber, stone, etc. on which a stack or rick is placed. Also, in some districts, one of the stones with tapering tops and round flat under-surfaces, a number of which are placed on posts beneath ricks and granaries to raise them from the earth and keep rats out; also called staddle-stones or rick-staddles.
1729P. Walkden Diary (1866) 30, I sodded the turf stack top, and dressed the mull from beside it, and from the staddle of our old one. 1735Somerville Chase ii. 56 His Barns are stor'd, And groaning Staddles bend beneath their Load. 1799J. Robertson Agric. Perth 52 The farmers have their stacks built upon stathels laid on pillars of stone or wood. 1805R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. I. 67 It will be necessary to have proper stands or staddles provided for securing the corn. 1809Kendall Trav. II. 177 To protect the [hay] stacks, they are either built upon high ground, or, if in the marshes, upon stadles or piles. 1833Loudon Encycl. Archit. §1149 Two open lodges..with stack staddles over their flat stone roofs. 1844H. Stephens Bk. Farm I. 155 Stack-stools, or stathels, or staddles, as they are variously called, are sometimes made of cast-iron. 1848Lowell Biglow P. Ser. i. ix. 112 Lonesome ez steddles on a mash without no hay-ricks on. 1851Jrnl. R. Agric. Soc. XII. ii. 392 Few of the Lincolnshire ricks are built upon frames—a layer of straw being the usual ‘steddle’ or foundation. 1862Ibid. XXIII. 215 Prepare your staddles (or stathels or brandreths, brandreys, or by whatever name the place for the stack is called) in the field. 1874Hardy Far from Madding Crowd vi, The corn stood on stone staddles.
c. gen. A supporting framework.
a1800Pegge Suppl. Grose, Staddle, anything that supports another is a staddle. 1823E. Moor Suffolk Words, Staddle, what any thing stands on..the horse for casks, etc. 1883Gresley Gloss. Coal-mining 234 Staddle, the foundation of a pack in iron-stone workings.
d. Agric. (see quots.) dial.
1749–50W. Ellis Mod. Husbandm. (E.D.D.), We put it [the grass] into staddles, load it and carry it away into a barn. 1798J. Middleton View Agric. Middlesex 239 The grass-cocks are to be well shaken out into staddles (or separate plats) of five or six yards diameter. 1881Leicestersh. Words s.v., When hay-cocks are spread out and turned, the hay is said to be thrown into staddle.
†4. An upright timber, a post. Obs.
1633T. James Voy. 66 The Carpenter had set vp 17. ground timbers: and 34. Staddles.
†5. ‘A building of timber standing on legs or steddles, to raise it out of the mud’ (Kent. Gloss. 1887). Obs.
c1563in Archæol. Cant. (1874) IX. 115 De viginti sex domibus que vulgariter vocantur the old staddeles or six and twentie houses.
6. dial. (See quots.)
1691Ray N.C. Words 68 A Staddle; a mark or impression made on any thing by somewhat lying upon it. So scars or marks of the Small-Pox are called Staddles. 1825Brockett N.C. Gloss., Staddle,..a mark left in the grass by the long continuance of the hay in bad weather. 1828[Carr] Craven Gloss., Staddle,..the marks or scars left by the small-pox. 1847Halliwell, Staddle, the stain left on metal after the rust is removed. West. 1856P. Thompson Hist. Boston 725 The mark of anything remaining after the thing itself has been removed, is called its steddle.
†7. ‘A place marked out on the surface of a field by a groove or course of sods’ (Eng. Dial. Dict.). Obs.
1770–1803A. Hunter Georg. Ess. I. 385 Mark out a staddle, in proportion to the quantity of mud taken out.
8. attrib. and Comb., as † staddle barn, granary, a barn supported on staddles; staddle-burnt, -mark, -roof, -row, -stand (see quots.); staddle-stead, † (a) the place where a stack or shock has stood; (b) dial. a mark, stain or blemish; staddle-stones, the stones on which a staddle or stack-frame is supported.
1794T. Davis Agric. Wilts 96 A ‘*stavel barn’ for wheat, built on stone pillars, to keep out rats and mice.
1889N.W. Linc. Gloss., *Steddle-burnt, said of the seat of a hay⁓cock which has remained so long covered that the grass has dried or become bleached.
1816Ann. Reg., Chron. 165/1 The lioness..on hearing the voice of the keeper retired underneath a *staddle granary.
1876Mid-Yorksh. Gloss., Staddle, an impression left on a surface by any object,..the print being often called a *staddlemark.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., *Staddle-roof, a protection for a stack.
1847Halliwell, *Staddle-row, a large row of dried grass ready for quiling or carrying. Derby.
1875Knight Dict. Mech., *Staddle-stand, a stack stand.
1641Best Farm. Bks. (Surtees) 51 They..gather togeather..that which is lefte in the *staddle-stead wheare the stooke stoode. 1868Atkinson Cleveland Gloss., Staddlestead.
1785Jackson's Oxf. Jrnl. 5 Feb. 3/4 A Stump of Hay, Sets of *Staddle Stones..and sundry other Articles. 1881Leicestersh. Words.
▪ II. staddle, v. dial.|ˈstæd(ə)l|
Also stadle, sted(d)le.
[f. staddle n. Cf. stathel v., to found, establish (Obs. after early ME.).]
†1. trans. (See quots.) Obs.
1573Tusser Husb. (1878) 105 First see it well fenced er hewers begin, then see it well stadled, without and within. Ibid. marg., Stadling of woods. 1787Grose Prov. Gloss., To stadle a wood; i.e. in cutting a wood, to leave at certain distances a sufficient number of young plants to replenish it.
2. To stain, mark, leave an impression on.
1828[Carr] Craven Gloss. s.v., A person's face is said to be staddled with measles. 1866J. E. Brogden Prov. Lincs. 196 Don't stedle the cloth... How steddled my dress looks! 1892M. C. F. Morris Yorksh. Folk-Talk 377 Inferior ‘blue’ is said to go staddled upon the linen. |