| 释义 |
Dalton1|ˈdɔːltən|
The name of the high school (at Dalton, Mass., U.S.A.) in which the educational plan so named (devised by Miss Helen Parkhurst) was first adopted in 1920, which consists essentially in dividing up the year's work into monthly ‘assignments’ which the pupils contract to carry through (with certain preliminary aids) on their own responsibility and with their own discipline. Hence ˈDaltonize v. trans., to manage or arrange by this educational method; ˌDaltoniˈzation; Dalˈtonian n.2, an advocate of the method; ˈDaltonism2, the method itself.
1920Times Educ. Suppl. 18 Nov. 605/4 Mr. Ernest Jackman, headmaster of the Dalton High School, writes:—I am glad to answer the questions of various English educators regarding Miss Parkhurst's plan, now to be renamed at her desire, ‘The Dalton Plan’. 1922H. Parkhurst Educ. on Dalton Plan ii. 15 The Dalton Laboratory Plan provides that means by diverting his energy to the pursuit and organization of his own studies in his own way. Ibid. iv. 40 Demonstrating the superiority of the Dalton Plan from the point of view of economy. 1924A. J. Lynch Individual Work & Dalton Plan iii. 31 Review provision is made for six laboratories or subject-rooms corresponding with the six subjects that are Daltonised. Ibid. 34 The teaching of arithmetic under the Dalton Plan. Ibid. 47 Convinced Daltonians recognise at once that assignments are the heart and centre of the plan. Ibid. vi. 124 He could find no fault with any other Dalton teacher. 1927A. Huxley Proper Studies 117 The first step in the Daltonization of a school consists in the abolition of class rooms and the substitution of specialist rooms. Ibid. 125 In a well-run Daltonized school the problem of discipline solves itself. Ibid. 133 These ancient seats of learning [sc. Oxford and Cambridge] were Daltonized long before Daltonism was invented. 1959Chambers's Encycl. IV. 353/2 In a number of English schools, where a modified Dalton plan is still used, one finds a mixture of class-teaching and of individual assignments. 1964[see Dalcroze]. |