| 释义 |
Stalinism|ˈstɑːlɪnɪz(ə)m|
[f. Joseph Stalin (Russ. Ĭósif Stálin), the assumed name of Iosif Vissariónovich Dzhugashvíli (1879–1953), leader of the Soviet Communist Party and head of state of the Soviet Union + -ism.]
The policies pursued by Stalin, based on but later deviating from Leninism, esp. the formation of a centralized, totalitarian, objectivist government.
1927Daily Tel. 22 Nov. 10/3 A violent denunciation of ‘Stalinism’ and its ‘terrorising of the party’. 1941Koestler Scum of Earth 23 We had realised that Stalinism had soiled and compromised the Socialist Utopia. 1947C. Malamuth tr. L. Trotski's Stalin 422 On the theoretical plane every bit of ‘Stalinism’ has issued from the criticism of the theory of permanent revolution as it was formulated in 1905. 1955Times 5 May 15/4 Indirectly the tenets of Stalinism and Trotskyism are being subjected in new tests at the conference tables of international diplomacy. 1958Times Lit. Suppl. 7 Mar. 123/1 The Yugoslav system has relapsed into totalitarianism after a promising breakaway from Stalinism. 1968Russian Review XXVII. 309 A formal definition of Stalinism would run something like this: a one-man dictatorship in which a single dictator ruling arbitrarily, uncontrolled by any party organs, is the sole interpreter of the Marxist-Leninist dogma, and is surrounded by the cult of his personality. A revised definition..would be the same as above, but the single personality clause would be replaced by the CC Politburo collective leadership. 1971I. Deutscher Marxism in our Time (1972) 86 In the end the nonviolent meaning of Marxism was suppressed under the massive, crushing weight of Stalinism. 1977Time 21 Mar. 12/2 In a bitter statement, Gui accused the Communists of practicing ‘Stalinism’, calling himself the victim of the chamber's ‘will for my political execution’. |