| 释义 |
database|ˈdeɪtəbeɪs|
Also data base, data-base.
[f. data n. pl. + base n.1]
1. A structured collection of data held in computer storage; esp. one that incorporates software to make it accessible in a variety of ways; transf., any large collection of information.
1962Technical Memo. (System Development Corp., Calif.) tm-wd-16/007/00. i. 5 A ‘data base’ is a collection of entries containing item information that can vary in its storage media and in the characteristics of its entries and items. 1967E. R. Lannon in Cox & Grose Organiz. Bibliogr. Rec. by Computer iv. 83 The Search area provides a means of querying the data base. 1971New Scientist 4 Mar. 498/1 A database is a generalised collection of data not linked to one set of functional questions. 1972Computer Jrnl. XV. 290/1 Engineering information files set up on disc by Hawker Siddeley Aviation Ltd...form the data base for a fully integrated production control system. 1972Science 3 Nov. 472/1 The data base from which the volumes are compiled is maintained on magnetic tape and is updated weekly. 1973Nature 13 Apr. 485/1, I gave a list of the fifty most cited authors for 1967, using the 1967 SCI as the data base. 1974Florida FL Reporter XIII. 88/2 A number of sociolinguists..gradually moved closer to the creolist position as their data-base expanded. 1981IBM Jrnl. Res. & Devel. XXV. 505 Around 1964 a new term appeared in the computer literature to denote a new concept. The term was ‘data base’, and it was coined by workers in military information systems to denote collections of data shared by end-users of time-sharing computer systems. The commercial data processing world..appropriated ‘data base’ to denote the data collection which results from consolidating the data requirements of individual applications. 1984Smith & Bailey Mod. Eng. Legal Syst. i. 10 It would..cause chaos, even in an age of computerised legal data bases, if every decision on whether a defendant had behaved ‘unreasonably’..could potentially be cited. 1985Sunday Times 10 Mar. 80/3 CIR went through its data-base looking for companies interested in investing in new ideas in electronics. 1985Ashmolean ix. 1/1 A museum and its records are one vast database.
2. Special Comb.: database management, the organization and manipulation of data in a database; database management system, a software package that provides all the functions required for database management; abbrev. DBMS s.v. D III. 3; database manager = database management system above; database system, a database together with a database management system.
1964Proc. Symposium Development & Managem. Computer-Centered Data Base, Economic Considerations Relevant to *Data Base Management, V. LaBolle (work session). 1969in Communications Assoc. Computing Machinery (1971) XIV. 318/2 A survey of generalized data base management systems. 1971[see DBMS s.v. D III. 3]. 1983Computerworld 7 Feb. id–53/1 Data bases and data base management systems (DBMS) were developed to overcome the handicap of file-oriented systems. 1985Personal Computer World Feb. 25/1 (Advt.), Powerful database management and applications generator with optional graphics and development tools.
1975Proc. World Conf. Med. Information i. 335 One general purpose *database manager, available through a commercial time-sharing service, was tested. 1984Which Micro? Dec. 20/2 The four programs..consist of a wordprocessor, a spreadsheet, a data base manager and a business graphics designer.
1962Technical Memo (System Development Corp., Calif.) tm-wd-16/007/00. i. 5 It is necessary to define the characteristics of a data base to the *Data Base System so that when instructed to manipulate data, the system can recognize the format and positioning of item information in the entries. 1980C. S. French Computer Sci. xl. 300 Data base systems are possible with the current hardware available. It is the necessary interface (the data base management system) which needs development. |