释义 |
statement|ˈsteɪtmənt| [f. state v. + -ment] 1. a. The action or an act of stating, alleging, or enunciating; the manner in which something is stated.
1789Polit. Geog.; Introd. Statist. Tables Europe 7 Not from an imaginary picture,..but exhibited in the sober garb of exact statement, backed with the irresistible force of arithmetical demonstration. 1841Macaulay Ess., Ld. Holland (1897) 600 In statement, the late Lord Holland was not successful; his chief excellence lay in reply. 1885Pearson in Law Rep. 29 Chanc. Div. 558, I think Mr. Farwell's statement of the law is correct. Mod. The book is a model of cautious and accurate statement. b. Mus. A presentation of a subject or theme in a composition.
1883Grove's Dict. Mus. III. 568/2 Occasionally the middle repeats [of the theme] are variations, and the first and last statements simple and identical. 1887Daily News 22 Nov. 3/2 The Overture..is very brief, and bears few signs of maturity, although in the first statement of the second subject..occur some charming examples of [etc.]. 2. a. Something that is stated; an allegation, declaration. Also transf. and fig.
1775Ash Suppl., Statement, the thing stated. 1787Malone Diss. Three Pts. K. Hen. VI, 37 This statement was taken from the old quarto play; and, from carelessness, was adopted by Shakspeare without any material alteration. 1796Jane Austen Pride & Prej. xxxvi. (1906) 176 She put down the letter, weighed every circumstance..—deliberated on the probability of each statement—but with little success. 1833Cruse Eusebius i. vii. 32 Neither of the gospels has made a false statement. 1838Civ. Engin. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 239/1 There is much useful matter..to be culled from the statements of both parties. 1875Jowett Plato (ed. 2) IV. 258 The moderns have certainly no reason to acquiesce in the statement, that truth is appearance only. 1905J. B. Bury Life St. Patrick App. 279 The statement that he was ordained in his twenty-fifth year seems to stand alone. 1953W. M. Ivins Prints & Visual Communication i. 3 Since the invention of writing there has been no more important invention than that of the exactly repeatable pictorial statement. 1958Listener 18 Sept. 437/3 Apart from some inherent nastiness in the story there is a fundamental weakness in its theatrical statement. 1970New Yorker 26 Sept. 29/3 We had in mind thirty or forty people making a quiet statement by riding together. 1977C. McFadden Serial (1978) xl. 86/2, I wish you'd stop shaving your goddamn legs. You might not know it, but you're making a statement. b. Computers. An expression in a program language that specifies some operation or task, corresponding to one or more instructions according to the context and the level of the language.
1957Proc. Western Joint Computer Conf. 188/2 He..programmed the job in four hours, using 47 FORTRAN statements. 1957D. D. McCracken Digital Computer Programming xviii. 215 The automatic coding systems directed toward scientific calculations accept problem statements in a form similar to ordinary mathematical language. 1959M. H. Wrubel Primer of Programming for Digital Computers vi. 126 There are statements for performing arithmetic; statements for branching and looping; and input and output statements. 1967W. F. Sharpe Introd. Computer Programming using BASIC Lang. i. 6 Every statement must begin with a legal command (after the line number, if any). 1973J. K. Hughes Pl/I Programming i. 8 The statement to input the data..should be specified. This could be accomplished with the statement get list (A, B, C, D, E); Notice how all PL/I statements are ended with a semicolon. 1981Monds & McLaughlin Introd. Mini & Micro Computers vii. 99/1 An assembler translates a machine oriented language, ie, a language where, in general, one statement gives rise to one machine instruction... A compiler translates a problem-oriented language..into machine code. Each statement in the language usually gives rise to more than one, and sometimes many, machine instructions. 3. a. A written or oral communication setting forth facts, arguments, demands, or the like.
1787Malone Diss. Three Pts. K. Hen. VI, 15 A correct statement of the issue of King Edward the Third..is given in The first part of K. Henry VI. 1863H. Cox Instit. iii. vii. 696 His annual statement to the House of Commons of the financial condition of the Kingdom. 1891S. C. Scrivener Our Fields & Cities 43 Some of the farmers avoid paying taxes; they make a ‘statement’ instead. 1898W. J. Greenwood Commerc. Corresp. (ed. 2) 155, I have decided to call a meeting of my creditors..when I shall submit to them a statement of my affairs. 1912Times 19 Dec. 2/5 The plaintiff alleged by his statement of claim that [etc.]. b. Comm. (More fully statement of account): a document setting out the items of debit and credit between two parties.
1885W. Whitman Daybks. & Notebks. (1978) II. 375 Half-annual ‘Statement’ from D Mckay $20.71 ‘ts for 6 mo's preceding Dec 1, '85. 1897F. Hooper & J. Graham Mod. Business Methods 38 The next step is to send in what is called a Statement. This, as its name implies, is a short statement of account between the parties. 1910Fieldhouse Business Methods 115 It is customary for the Creditor..to send to the Debtor..a statement, which is an account, rendered at certain periods..giving dates and amounts only (no details) of each delivery of goods since the last Statement or balancing. c. statement of affairs Accounting, a list of assets and liabilities not expressed as a formal balance sheet.
1895Reports Tax Cases (1907) III. 456 Every man and every company having foreign or colonial investments, of course, knows of the interest arising from them, takes note of it and enters it in any statement of affairs which may require to be made up. 1928R. G. Williams Elem. Bk.-Keeping xiv. 240 The preparation of the statement of affairs may possibly depend upon information which is not supplied by the books of account, and often undue reliance must be placed upon the trader's memory. 1978J. Kellock Elem. Accounting xi. 184 The term ‘statement of affairs’ is one commonly used in the subject of incomplete records and may be defined as a list of assets and liabilities. 1981Daily Tel. 19 Dec. 17/6 In the statement of affairs presented at the creditors' meeting {pstlg}31,000 of client account balances appeared as part of the net assets of the company. 1983Ibid. 12 Mar. 19/1 Not only was there a complete absence of a statement of affairs—the receiver said that he had been unable to lay his hands on any of the company's books—but it was apparent from the scant information he was able to provide that the liabilities are far in excess of known assets. 4. Comm. In certain branches of industry, a document periodically issued, setting forth the prices to be paid to workmen for various kinds of piece-work. Also attrib. as statement price, statement wages.
1889D. F. Schloss in Charity Org. Rev. Jan. 7 These workmen receive a rate of wages fixed by the Union and embodied in a ‘statement’. 1897Daily News 12 Apr. 2/5 In several cases manufacturers have offered..an increase of ten per cent. above statement wages. 1900C. Russell & H. S. Lewis Jew in Lond. 79 [In the boot and shoe trade] the better class of work is still done by Englishmen under ‘statement’ prices. 5. Special Comb. (in sense 2): statement-form Logic = propositional function s.v. propositional a. b.
1942J. Findlay in Mind LI. 261 A statement-form is an expression containing variables such as x, y, etc., which gives rise to statements when expressions with a constant meaning are substituted for those variables. Thus ‘x is long’ is a statement-form. 1950M. G. White in M. Farber Philosophic Thought in France & U.S. 711 How shall we define or make clear the meaning of the statement-form ‘x is a history of y’? 1961E. Nagel Structure of Sci. v. 95 Instead of being statement-forms the postulates of the theory appear to be statements. |